Abstract Title:

Gamma delta tocotrienols reduce hepatic triglyceride synthesis and VLDL secretion.

Abstract Source:

J Atheroscler Thromb. 2010 Oct 27;17(10):1019-32. Epub 2010 Aug 10. PMID: 20702976

Abstract Author(s):

N Zaiden, W N Yap, S Ong, C H Xu, V H Teo, C P Chang, X W Zhang, K Nesaretnam, S Shiba, Y L Yap

Article Affiliation:

Davos Life Science Pte Ltd, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory Singapore, 16 Tuas South Street 5, Singapore.

Abstract:

AIM: Present study aimed to elucidate the suppression of serum lipids by gamma- and delta-tocotrienol (γδT3).

METHODS: The lipid-lowering effects ofγδT3 were investigated using HepG2 liver cell line, hypercholesterolemic mice and borderline-high cholesterol patients.

RESULTS: In-vitro results demonstrated two modes of action. First,γδT3 suppressed the upstream regulators of lipid homeostasis genes (DGAT2, APOB100, SREBP1/2 and HMGCR) leading to the suppression of triglycerides, cholesterol and VLDL biosyntheses. Second, γδT3 enhanced LDL efflux through induction of LDL receptor (LDLr) expression. Treatment of LDLr-deficient mice with 1 mg/day (50 mg/kg/day) γδT3 for one-month showed 28%, 19% reduction in cholesterol and triglyceride levels respectively, whereas HDL level was unaltered. The lipid-lowering effects were not affected by alpha-tocopherol (αTP). In a placebo-controlled human trial using 120 mg/day γδT3, only serum triglycerides were lowered by 28% followed by concomitant reduction in the triglyceride-rich VLDL and chylomicrons. In contrast, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL remained unchanged in treated and placebo groups. The discrepancies between in-vitro, in-vivo and human studies may be attributed to the differential rates of post-absorptive γδT3 degradation and LDL metabolism.

CONCLUSION: Reduction in triglycerides synthesis and transport may be the primary benefit caused by ingestingγδT3 in human.

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