Gut Microbiota-brain Axis. - GreenMedInfo Summary

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Abstract Title:

Gut Microbiota-brain Axis.

Abstract Source:

Chin Med J (Engl). 2016 5th Oct;129(19):2373-80. PMID: 27647198

Abstract Author(s):

Hong-Xing Wang, Yu-Ping Wang

Article Affiliation:

Hong-Xing Wang

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the updated information about the gut microbiota-brain axis.

DATA SOURCES: All articles about gut microbiota-brain axis published up to July 18, 2016, were identified through a literature search on PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science, with the keywords of"gut microbiota","gut-brain axis", and"neuroscience".

STUDY SELECTION: All relevant articles on gut microbiota and gut-brain axis were included and carefully reviewed, with no limitation of study design.

RESULTS: It is well-recognized that gut microbiota affects the brain's physiological, behavioral, and cognitive functions although its precise mechanism has not yet been fully understood. Gut microbiota-brain axis may include gut microbiota and their metabolic products, enteric nervous system, sympathetic and parasympathetic branches within the autonomic nervous system, neural-immune system, neuroendocrine system, and central nervous system. Moreover, there may be five communication routes between gut microbiota and brain, including the gut-brain's neural network, neuroendocrine-hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, gut immune system, some neurotransmitters and neural regulators synthesized by gut bacteria, and barrier paths including intestinal mucosal barrier and blood-brain barrier. The microbiome is used to define the composition and functional characteristics of gut microbiota, and metagenomics is an appropriate technique to characterize gut microbiota.

CONCLUSIONS: Gut microbiota-brain axis refers to a bidirectional information network between the gut microbiota and the brain, which may provide a new way to protect the brain in the near future.

Study Type : Review

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