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Abstract Title:

Microplastic particles cause intestinal damage and other adverse effects in zebrafish Danio rerio and nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.

Abstract Source:

Sci Total Environ. 2018 Apr 1 ;619-620:1-8. Epub 2017 Nov 11. PMID: 29136530

Abstract Author(s):

Lili Lei, Siyu Wu, Shibo Lu, Mengting Liu, Yang Song, Zhenhuan Fu, Huahong Shi, Kathleen M Raley-Susman, Defu He

Article Affiliation:

Lili Lei

Abstract:

Microplastics have been frequently detected in aquatic environments, and there are increasing concerns about potential effects on biota. In this study, zebrafish Danio rerio and nematode Caenorhabditis elegans were used as model organisms for microplastic exposure in freshwater pelagic (i.e. water column) and benthic (i.e. sediment) environments. We investigated the toxic effects of five common types of microplastics: polyamides (PA), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polystyrene (PS) particles. Results showed no or low lethality in D. rerio after exposure for 10d at 0.001-10.0mgLmicroplastics. The PA, PE, PP and/or PVC microplastics with ~70μm size caused intestinal damage including cracking of villi and splitting of enterocytes. Exposure to 5.0mgmmicroplastics for 2d significantly inhibited survival rates, body length and reproduction of C. elegans. Moreover, exposure to microplastics reduced calcium levels but increased expression of the glutathione S-transferase 4 enzyme in the intestine, which indicates intestinal damage and oxidative stress are major effects of microplastic exposure. Among 0.1, 1.0 and 5.0μm sizes of fluorescently labeled PS, 1.0μm particles caused the highest lethality, the maximum accumulation, the lowest Calevel in the intestine and the highest expression of glutathione S-transferase 4 in nematodes. Taken together, these findings suggest that intestinal damage is a key effect of microplastics; and that the toxicity of microplastics is closely dependent on their size, rather than their composition.

Study Type : Animal Study
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Additional Keywords : Microplastic

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