Article Publish Status: FREE
Abstract Title:

Probiotics Reduce Inflammation in Antiretroviral Treated, HIV-Infected Individuals: Results of the"Probio-HIV"Clinical Trial.

Abstract Source:

PLoS One. 2015 ;10(9):e0137200. Epub 2015 Sep 16. PMID: 26376436

Abstract Author(s):

Gabriella d'Ettorre, Giancarlo Ceccarelli, Noemi Giustini, Sara Serafino, Nina Calantone, Gabriella De Girolamo, Luigi Bianchi, Valeria Bellelli, Tommaso Ascoli-Bartoli, Sonia Marcellini, Ombretta Turriziani, Jason M Brenchley, Vincenzo Vullo

Article Affiliation:

Gabriella d'Ettorre

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: HIV infection results in damage to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, microbial translocation and immune activation. These are not completely normalized with combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). Moreover, increate morbidity and mortality of cART-treated HIV-infected individuals is associated with inflammation.

METHODS: In order to enhance GI tract immunity, we recruited and treated 20 HIV-infected humans with cART supplemented with probiotics and followed inflammation and immunological parameters (clinical trial number NCT02164344). 11 HIV seronegative subjects were included as control group. The enumeration of CD4+, CD8+, CD38+ and HLA-DR+ lymphocytes were evaluated on peripheral blood; HIV-RNA levels, sCD14, d-dimer, C-reactive protein (CRP) high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), IL-6 and Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein (LBP) were assayed on plasma.

RESULTS: We observe that cART does not normalize the levels of immune activation in HIV positive patients anyway inflammation and markers of microbial translocation were significantly reduced with probiotic supplementation. Patients show a clear and statistically significant reduction in the levels of immune activation on CD4 T-lymphocytes, for both markers CD38 and HLA-DR and their simultaneous expression, LBP and hsCRP plasma levels after probiotic diet supplementation settling to values comparable to controls.

CONCLUSIONS: Supplementing cART with probiotics in HIV-infected individuals may improve GI tract immunity and there by mitigate inflammatory sequelae, ultimately improving prognosis.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02164344.

Study Type : Human Study

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