Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity https://greenmedinfo.com/taxonomy/term/1288/all en "Impaired cognitive function and hippocampal neurogenesis following cancer chemotherapy." https://greenmedinfo.com/article/impaired-cognitive-function-and-hippocampal-neurogenesis-following-cancer-chem PMID:  Clin Cancer Res. 2012 Feb 14. Epub 2012 Feb 14. PMID: 22338017 Abstract Title:  Impaired Cognitive Function and Hippocampal Neurogenesis Following Cancer Chemotherapy. Abstract:  PURPOSE: A substantial proportion of breast cancer survivors report significant, long-lasting impairments in cognitive function, often referred to as&quot;chemobrain.&quot;Advances in detection and treatment mean that many more patients are surviving long-term following diagnosis of invasive breast cancer. Thus, it is important to define the types, extent and persistence of cognitive impairments following treatment with cytotoxic cancer drugs. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We examined the effects of chronic treatment with two agents commonly used in breast cancer patients, cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin (Adriamycin). Athymic nude rats were given 50mg/kg cyclophosphamide, 2mg/kg doxorubicin or saline injections once per week for 4 weeks. A novel place recognition task and contextual and cued fear conditioning were employed to characterize learning and memory ability. Immunofluorescence staining for immature and mature neurons and activated microglia was used to assess changes in neurogenesis and neuroinflammation.RESULTS: Cyclophosphamide- and doxorubicin-treated rats showed significantly impaired performance on the novel place recognition task and the contextual fear conditioning task compared to untreated controls, suggesting disrupted hippocampal-based memory function. Chemotherapy-treated animals showed a significant decline in neurogenesis (80 to 90% drop in BrdU labeled cells expressing NeuN). Activated microglia (ED1 positive) were found after cyclophosphamide, but not doxorubicin treatment.CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that chronic treatment with either of two commonly-used chemotherapeutic agents impairs cognitive ability, and suggest that strategies to prevent or repair disrupted hippocampal neurogenesis may be effective in ameliorating this serious side effect in cancer survivors. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/impaired-cognitive-function-and-hippocampal-neurogenesis-following-cancer-chem#comments Brain Injury: Hippocampal Damage Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity: Doxorubicin Cognitive Decline/Dysfunction Chemotherapy Cyclophosphamide Doxorubicin Neurotoxic Drug: Doxorubicin Animal Study Mon, 20 Feb 2012 02:15:41 +0000 greenmedinfo 72908 at https://greenmedinfo.com "Melatonin uses in oncology: breast cancer prevention and reduction of the side effects of chemotherapy and radiation." https://greenmedinfo.com/article/melatonin-uses-oncology-breast-cancer-prevention-and-reduction-side-effects-ch PMID:  Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2012 Jun ;21(6):819-31. Epub 2012 Apr 16. PMID: 22500582 Abstract Title:  Melatonin uses in oncology: breast cancer prevention and reduction of the side effects of chemotherapy and radiation. Abstract:  INTRODUCTION: The possible oncostatic properties of melatonin on different types of neoplasias have been studied especially in hormone-dependent adenocarcinomas. Despite the promising results of these experimental investigations, the use of melatonin in breast cancer treatment in humans is still uncommon. AREAS COVERED: This article reviews the usefulness of this indoleamine for specific aspects of breast cancer management, particularly in reference to melatonin&#039;s antiestrogenic and antioxidant properties: i) treatments oriented to breast cancer prevention, especially when the risk factors are obesity, steroid hormone treatment or chronodisruption by exposure to light at night (LAN); ii) treatment of the side effects associated with chemo- or radiotherapy. EXPERT OPINION: The clinical utility of melatonin depends on the appropriate identification of its actions. Because of its SERM (selective estrogen receptor modulators) and SEEM (selective estrogen enzyme modulators) properties, and its virtual absence of contraindications, melatonin could be an excellent adjuvant with the drugs currently used for breast cancer prevention (antiestrogens and antiaromatases). The antioxidant actions also make melatonin a suitable treatment to reduce oxidative stress associated with chemotherapy, especially with anthracyclines, and radiotherapy. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/melatonin-uses-oncology-breast-cancer-prevention-and-reduction-side-effects-ch#comments Breast Cancer Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity Melatonin Oxidative Stress Radiation Induced Illness Antineoplastic Agents Antioxidants Natural Substance/Drug Synergy Review Tue, 05 Mar 2013 18:18:58 +0000 greenmedinfo 92684 at https://greenmedinfo.com 7 Health Benefits of Bee Propolis https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/7-health-benefits-bee-propolis <div class="copyright">This article is copyrighted by GreenMedInfo LLC, 2022<br/><strong><a href="/greenmedinfocom-re-post-guidelines">Visit our Re-post guidelines</a></strong></div><p class="rtecenter"><img alt="Propolis.jpg" src="//cdn.greenmedinfo.com/sites/default/files/ckeditor/Sayer Ji/images/propolis(1).jpg" style="width: 600px; height: 400px;" title="Health Benefits of Bee Propolis" /></p> <p><span style="font-size:18px;"><strong><em>Bees make more than <a href="/substance/honey" rel="dofollow" target="_blank">honey</a>. They also make a waxy substance called propolis. And this "bee glue" is a powerful health balm. In fact, studies show it has anti-cancer properties</em></strong></span></p> <p>Dr. Seema Patel of the Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics Research Center, San Diego State University conducted a comprehensive review of the <strong><a href="/blog/extreme-anticancer-potential-propolis" rel="dofollow" target="_blank">literature on propolis and cancer</a></strong>. Dr. Patel found laboratory and animal studies supporting propolis efficacy against cancers of the:</p><p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/7-health-benefits-bee-propolis" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/7-health-benefits-bee-propolis#comments Bee Products Bee Propolis Cancers: All Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity Genital Herpes Honey Propolis: Bee Propolis: Brazillian Apoptotic Chemopreventive Health Guides: Healing Foods bee propolis used for bee propolis uses Health Benefits of Bee Propolis what is bee propolis Thu, 22 Dec 2022 01:46:45 +0000 GMI Research Group 117004 at https://greenmedinfo.com A combination of geranium extract, Ganoderma lucidum, Codonopsis pilosula and Angelicae sinensis, improve the condition of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy/radiotherapy. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/combination-geranium-extract-ganoderma-lucidum-codonopsis-pilosula-and-angelic PMID:  Phytother Res. 2009 Jun;23(6):785-90. PMID: 19145638 Abstract Title:  Effect of citronellol and the Chinese medical herb complex on cellular immunity of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy/radiotherapy. Abstract:  Leukopenia and immunity impairment usually occur during cancer therapy. Citronellol, an oil soluble compound derived from the geranium, has anticancer and antiinflammatory properties, as well as promoting wound healing. Ganoderma lucidum, Codonopsis pilosula and Angelicae sinensis are traditional Chinese herbs, all of which have proven immunomodulatory functions in laboratory-based research. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study examined whether the Chinese medicinal herb complex (CCMH; a mixture of citronellol and extracts of G. lucidum, C. pilosula and A. sinensis) improves the immune cell counts of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. A total of 105 cancer patients receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy were enrolled. The quantities of immune cells in the blood of the subjects were determined before and after 6 weeks of cancer treatment, with either CCMH or a placebo. CCMH significantly reduced the depletion of leukocytes (14.2% compared with 28.2%) and neutrophils (11.0% compared with 29.1%). Analysis of the lymphocyte phenotype revealed that the patients receiving the placebo had reduced CD4 lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells than the CCMH-treated patients. Treatment with CCMH for patients receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy may improve their immune function, improving their ability to fight off the cancer, as well as any secondary infections that could compromise their treatment and their health. (c) 2009 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.   https://greenmedinfo.com/article/combination-geranium-extract-ganoderma-lucidum-codonopsis-pilosula-and-angelic#comments Angelica Cancers: All Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity Codonopsis pilosula Geranium Radiation Induced Illness Reishi Mushroom Drug-Plant-Vitamin Synergies Human Study Sun, 08 Nov 2009 14:40:08 +0000 greenmedinfo 47713 at https://greenmedinfo.com A compound in mangosteen prevents cisplatin-induced toxicity to the kidneys of rats. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/compound-mangosteen-prevents-cisplatin-induced-toxicity-kidneys-rats PMID:  Chem Biol Interact. 2010 Oct 6;188(1):144-50. PMID: 20603111 Abstract Title:  The alpha-mangostin prevention on cisplatin-induced apoptotic death in LLC-PK1 cells is associated to an inhibition of ROS production and p53 induction. Abstract:  Cisplatin (CDDP) is a widely useful chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of tumors including lung, ovary and testis. Acute renal injury, however, is the main side effect observed after CDDP treatment. This side effect is related to the apoptotic death in proximal tubular cells in the kidney and p53 protein has a central role in this process. On the other hand, alpha-mangostin (alpha-M), a xanthone derived from the pericarp of mangosteen, exerts a renoprotective effect against cisplatin-induced renal damage in rats. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether alpha-M protects proximal tubule renal epithelial cells (LLC-PK1) from CDDP-induced apoptotic death. Cells were co-incubated with 5 microM alpha-M and 100 microM CDDP for 24h. It was found that alpha-M attenuated the following alterations: the apoptotic cell death, the increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), the glutathione depletion and the increase in p53 expression induced by CDDP. In conclusion, the preventive effect of alpha-M on CDDP-induced apoptotic death is associated to the inhibition of p53 expression and ROS generation. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/compound-mangosteen-prevents-cisplatin-induced-toxicity-kidneys-rats#comments Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity: Cisplatin Mangosteen Renoprotective Drug Side Effect Attenuation Animal Study Sat, 11 Sep 2010 12:56:41 +0000 greenmedinfo 56279 at https://greenmedinfo.com A proprietary honey-based herbal formula reduces chemotherapy-induced neutropenia and the need for colony-stimulating factors. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/proprietary-honey-based-herbal-formula-reduces-chemotherapy-induced-neutropeni PMID:  Med Oncol. 2006;23(4):549-52. PMID: 17303914 Abstract Title:  Prevention of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia by special honey intake. Abstract:  Febrile neutropenia is a serious side effect of chemotherapy. Colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) are used for primary and secondary treatment in patients with grade 4 neutropenia. The use of CSFs is expensive and accompanied by side effects. In the current study, Life-Mel Honey (LMH) was administered to prevent neutropenia and to reduce the need for CSFs in patients treated with chemotherapy. Thirty cancer patients receiving chemotherapy for primary or metastatic disease were included. All patients had grade 4 neutropenia and were treated with CSFs. The patients repeated the same chemotherapy schedule, with the addition of LMH for 5 d. Blood count was performed weekly. There was no recurrence of neutropenia after LMH intake and no need for treatment with CSFs in 12 (40%) of patients. Eighteen (60%) patients with LMH developed neutropenia grade 4 and were treated with CSFs (p=0.007). Hemoglobin levels remained&gt;11 g/dL during LMH intake in 19 (64%) patients. Only three (10%) patients had thrombocytopenia. Eight (32%) patients reported improvement in quality of life. The use of LMH in patients who are at high risk of developing neutropenia as a result of chemotherapy decreases the risk of pancytopenia and the need for CSFs. LMH is inexpensive, has no side effects, and is easy to administer. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/proprietary-honey-based-herbal-formula-reduces-chemotherapy-induced-neutropeni#comments Cancers: All Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity Honey: Life Mel Proprietary Formula Neutropenia Neutropenia: Chemotherapy Induced Antineoplastic Agents Colony-Stimulating Factors (CSFs) Human Study Thu, 04 Nov 2010 01:09:36 +0000 greenmedinfo 58388 at https://greenmedinfo.com A. melanocarpa may be regarded as a promising new source of bioactive antioxidant natural compounds for breast cancer patients. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/melanocarpa-may-be-regarded-promising-new-source-bioactive-antioxidant-natural PMID:  Food Chem Toxicol. 2013 Mar ;53:126-32. Epub 2012 Dec 5. PMID: 23220617 Abstract Title:  Chemotherapy modulates the biological activity of breast cancer patients plasma: the protective properties of black chokeberry extract. Abstract:  In breast cancer patients (before and during anti-cancer therapy) oxidative/nitrative damage to various molecules is observed. Furthermore, anti-cancer treatments may also influence the hemostatic properties of blood platelets and plasma. The aim of our study was to assess the effect of oxidative/nitrative stress (estimated by measurements of the levels of carbonyl groups and 3-nitrotyrosine in proteins--ELISA and C-ELISA methods, respectively; lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant level--TAS) on the selected parameters of hemostatic activity of plasma (the process of fibrin polymerization and lysis) collected from breast cancer patients after surgery and after various phases of chemotherapy (doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide). Subsequently, we also evaluated the level of oxidative/nitrative stress and hemostatic activity in plasma from these patients in the presence of the commercial extract of Aronia melanocarpa (Aronox®) in vitro. Patients were hospitalized in Department of Oncological Surgery and Department of Chemotherapy in Medical University of Lodz, Poland. We observed increased levels of biomarkers of oxidative/nitrative stress in plasma from patients with breast cancer (before or after surgery and after various phases of chemotherapy) in comparison to healthy group. Our further experiments demonstrated the hemostatic activity of plasma from the investigated patients differs from hemostatic properties of plasma obtained from healthy volunteers. We also recognize the existence of a relationship between oxidative stress (measured by the level of carbonyl groups) and changes of hemostasis in breast cancer patients after I and IV phases of chemotherapy. Moreover, the obtained results showed that the commercial extract from A. melanocarpa berries significantly reduced, in in vitro system, the oxidative/nitrative stress and hemostasis changes in plasma from breast cancer patients, after surgery and different phases of chemotherapy. Considering the data presented in this study, we suggest that the oxidative/nitrative stress in plasma obtained from breast cancer patients (not only before or afterthe surgery, but also after various phases of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy) may induce changes of hemostatic activity, which may contribute to thrombosis in these patients. Our results also suggest that the commercial extract of A. melanocarpa may be regarded as a promising new source of bioactive antioxidant natural compounds for breast cancer patients. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/melanocarpa-may-be-regarded-promising-new-source-bioactive-antioxidant-natural#comments Breast Cancer Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity Chokeberry Nitrite Toxicity Oxidative Stress Antioxidants Chemoprotective Agents Chemotherapeutic Drug: Doxorubicin Plant Extracts Human Study Fri, 15 May 2015 15:21:16 +0000 greenmedinfo 117463 at https://greenmedinfo.com Acute exercise protects against doxorubicin cardiotoxicity. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/acute-exercise-protects-against-doxorubicin-cardiotoxicity PMID:  Integr Cancer Ther. 2008 Sep;7(3):147-54. PMID: 18815146 Abstract Title:  Acute exercise protects against doxorubicin cardiotoxicity. Abstract:  Numerous methods have been used to minimize the cardiotoxic effects of the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin (DOX), and most have had limited success. Chronic endurance exercise has been shown to protect against DOX cardiotoxicity, but little is known regarding the effects of acute exercise on DOX-induced cardiac dysfunction. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a single bout of acute endurance exercise on the cardiac dysfunction associated with DOX treatment. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats either performed an acute exercise bout on a motorized treadmill for 60 minutes at a maximal speed of 25 m/min with a 5% grade (EX) or remained sedentary (SED) 24 hours before receiving either a 15-mg/kg DOX bolus dose or saline (SAL). Cardiac function was then analyzed 5 days post injection using a Langendorff isolated perfused heart model. In addition, myocardial lipid peroxidation was analyzed as an indicator of oxidative stress. RESULTS: Doxorubicin treatment alone (SED+DOX) promoted a significant decline in end-systolic pressure (-35%), left ventricular developed pressure (-59%), and the maximal rate of left ventricular pressure development (-43%) as well as a 45% increase in lipid peroxidation products when compared with SED+SAL (P https://greenmedinfo.com/article/acute-exercise-protects-against-doxorubicin-cardiotoxicity#comments Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity: Doxorubicin Hypertension Oxidative Stress Exercise Drug: Doxorubicin Human Study Fri, 27 Aug 2010 19:25:27 +0000 greenmedinfo 55983 at https://greenmedinfo.com Administration of Bifidobacterium breve on patients undergoing chemotherapy for pediatric malignancies improves their intestinal environments. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/administration-bifidobacterium-breve-patients-undergoing-chemotherapy-pediatri PMID:  Support Care Cancer. 2010 Jun;18(6):751-9. Epub 2009 Aug 14. PMID: 19685085 Abstract Title:  Effects of the enteral administration of Bifidobacterium breve on patients undergoing chemotherapy for pediatric malignancies. Abstract:  PURPOSE: Probiotics are expected to be effective in prophylaxis of infection in cancer patient, since infections in neutropenics are mainly caused by endogenous flora through the intestinal mucosa. However, the experience with the use of probiotics in immunocompromised patients is limited, and precise fecal bacteria analysis has not been reported. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of the enteral administration of the probiotic, Bifidobacterium breve strain Yakult, on its ability to prevent infection, fecal micro flora, and intestinal environments in cancer patients on chemotherapy. METHODS: A placebo-controlled trial was performed at Juntendo University Hospital. Patients with malignancies admitted for chemotherapy (n = 42) were randomized into two groups receiving probiotic or placebo. The effects on infectious complications, natural killer cells, fecal micro flora, fecal organic acid concentrations, and fecal pH were studied. RESULTS: The frequency of fever and the use of intravenous antibiotics were lower in the probiotic group than the placebo group. The probiotic administration enhanced the habitation of anaerobes. Disruption of the intestinal microbiota after chemotherapy such as the increase in the population levels of Enterobacteriaceae was observed at more pronounced manner in the placebo group in comparison to the probiotic group. The concentrations of total organic acids were maintained most of the time at the normal level, which constantly maintained the pH below 7.0 only in the probiotic group. CONCLUSION: These data, although based on a limited number of patients and samples, suggest that administration of B. breve strain Yakult could be an effective approach for achieving clinical benefits in immunocompromised hosts by improving their intestinal environments. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/administration-bifidobacterium-breve-patients-undergoing-chemotherapy-pediatri#comments Bifidobacterium Bifidobacterium Breve Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity Probiotics Human Study Fri, 23 Jul 2010 13:23:45 +0000 greenmedinfo 55734 at https://greenmedinfo.com AHCC attenuates cisplatin (chemotherapy) induced side effects in tumor-bearing mice. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/ahcc-attenuates-cisplatin-chemotherapy-induced-side-effects-tumor-bearing-mice PMID:  Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2007 Jul 15;222(2):152-8. Epub 2007 Apr 20. PMID: 17555784 Abstract Title:  The influence of active hexose correlated compound (AHCC) on cisplatin-evoked chemotherapeutic and side effects in tumor-bearing mice. Abstract:  Cisplatin (cis-diaminedichloroplatinum (II) or CDDP) (a widely used platinum-containing anticancer drug) is nephrotoxic and has a low percentage of tolerance in patients during chemotherapy. The active hexose correlated compound (AHCC) is an extract of Basidiomycotina marketed as a supplement for cancer patients due to its nutrients and fibre content and its ability to strengthen and optimize the capacity of the immune system. The possibility that AHCC could reduce the side effects of cisplatin was assessed in the tumor-bearing BALB/cA mice on the basis of the ability to ameliorate the cisplatin-induced body weight loss, anorexia, nephrotoxicity and hematopoietic toxicity. Although cisplatin (8 mg/kg body weight) reduced the size and weight of the solid tumors, supplementation with AHCC significantly enhanced cisplatin-induced antitumor effect in both the size (p&lt;0.05) and weight (p&lt;0.05). Food intake in the cisplatin-treated mice were decreased following commencement of treatment and this remained low compared with the cisplatin-untreated group (control) throughout the experiment period. Supplementation with AHCC increased the food intake in the cisplatin-treated mice. The blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine concentrations, and the ratio of blood urea nitrogen to serum creatinine were significantly increased in the cisplatin alone treated group compared to the control group. Their increased levels were mitigated by supplementation with AHCC (100 mg/kg body weight) in the cisplatin-treated group. AHCC was also able to modulate the suppression of bone marrow due to cisplatin and the improvement was statistically significant. The histopathological examination of the kidney revealed the presence of cisplatin-induced damage and this was modulated by AHCC treatment. The potential for AHCC to ameliorate the cisplatin-evoked toxicity as well as the chemotherapeutic effect could have beneficial economic implications for patients undergoing chemotherapy with cisplatin. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/ahcc-attenuates-cisplatin-chemotherapy-induced-side-effects-tumor-bearing-mice#comments AHCC Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity: Cisplatin Tumors Animal Study Wed, 22 Jul 2009 18:11:21 +0000 greenmedinfo 45848 at https://greenmedinfo.com AHCC improves treatment outcome and reduces side effects in anticancer drug treated mice. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/ahcc-improves-treatment-outcome-and-reduces-side-effects-anticancer-drug-treat PMID:  J Exp Ther Oncol. 2009;8(1):43-51. PMID: 19827270 Abstract Title:  Alleviating effect of active hexose correlated compound (AHCC) for anticancer drug-induced side effects in non-tumor-bearing mice. Abstract:  Active hexose correlated compound (AHCC) is an extract of a basidiomycete mushroom that is used as a supplement by some cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy; it is thought to enhance the therapeutic effects and reduce the side effects of select anticarcinogenic agents. AHCC has been reported to strengthen the anticancer effects of cisplatin (CDDP) and ameliorate its side effects in female BALB/cA mice inoculated with Colon-26 tumor cells. In this study, the role of AHCC in alleviating the side effects induced by several other anticancer drugs was explored in non-tumor-bearing mice receiving monotherapy with paclitaxel (TAX), or multi-drug chemotherapy with TAX plus CDDP, 5-fluorouracil (5FU) plus irinotecan, CDDP plus 5FU, or doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide. Outcomes from the drug treatment groups with and without AHCC supplementation were compared to controls that received vehicle alone. The multi-drug treatments significantly reduced bone marrow cell viability in all groups and leukocyte count in all groups except for TAX+CDDP; these myelosuppresive effects were generally alleviated by AHCC. Hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity caused by the treatments that included TAX and CDDP were also significantly improved by AHCC. The death rate was 20 to 30 percent in all treatment groups except TAX+CDDP, and supplementation with AHCC greatly reduced or eliminated mortality. These results support the concept that AHCC can be beneficial for cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/ahcc-improves-treatment-outcome-and-reduces-side-effects-anticancer-drug-treat#comments AHCC Cancers: Multi-Drug Resistant Chemotherapy Induced Myelotoxicity Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity Myelotoxicity Antineoplastic Agents Drug-Plant-Vitamin Synergies Animal Study Sat, 27 Feb 2010 13:57:39 +0000 greenmedinfo 52702 at https://greenmedinfo.com AHCC prevents chemotherapy induced hair loss. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/ahcc-prevents-chemotherapy-induced-hair-loss PMID:  Cancer Epidemiol. 2009 Oct;33(3-4):293-9. Epub 2009 Aug 20. PMID: 19699163 Abstract Title:  The effect of active hexose correlated compound in modulating cytosine arabinoside-induced hair loss, and 6-mercaptopurine- and methotrexate-induced liver injury in rodents. Abstract:  BACKGROUND: Active hexose correlated compound (AHCC) (a mixture of polysaccharides, amino acids, lipids and minerals derived from cultured mycelia of a Basidiomycete mushroom, Lentinula edodes) was used to assess amelioration of alopecia (hair loss) caused by cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) and modulation of liver injury caused by single doses 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) plus methotrexate (MTX). METHODS: Follicular integrity and hair growth was assessed in male and female SD neonatal rats (8 days old) treated with a single dose of Ara-C (30 mg/kg/day, i.p.) and AHCC (500 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 7 consecutive days. The side effects of a single oral dose of 6-MP (2.5mg/kg body weight) plus MTX (30 mg/kg body weight) and their amelioration by treatment with AHCC (1000 mg/kg body weight) for 28 days were assessed in male ddY mice (8 weeks old). RESULTS: Of the Ara-C treated rats 71.4% showed severe alopecia and 28.6% showed moderate alopecia. However, the AHCC (p.o.)-treated Ara-C group was significantly protected from alopecia. Ara-C treated rats had profound loss of hair follicles but the Ara-C plus AHCC-treated group had mild losses of follicles. AHCC supplementation to the 6-MP- and MTX-treated mice significantly increased body weight, erythrocytes, leukocytes and serum albumin, improved liver hypertrophy and degeneration, normalized the activities of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (sGOT) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (sGPT), and enhanced liver drug-metabolizing enzymes. CONCLUSION: Co-administration of AHCC significantly reduced the side effects associated with Ara-C, 6-MP and MTX. However, the molecular mechanism for AHCC activity and its clinical integrity for use needs defining. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/ahcc-prevents-chemotherapy-induced-hair-loss#comments AHCC Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity Hair Loss Animal Study Sat, 06 Mar 2010 14:49:50 +0000 greenmedinfo 53361 at https://greenmedinfo.com American Ginseng is capable of suppressing the chromosomal aberration induced by the chemotherapeutic agent Mitomycin C. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/american-ginseng-capable-suppressing-chromosomal-aberration-induced-chemothera PMID:  Phytother Res. 2007 Dec;21(12):1221-7. PMID: 17661327 Abstract Title:  Protective effects of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium) against mitomycin C induced micronuclei in mice. Abstract:  Full Citation: &quot;Mitomycin C (MMC) is a highly active anticancer drug commonly used alone and in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of different cancers. Its bioactivated form critically damages the DNA present in both rapidly dividing cancerous cells as well as in normal cells. Genotoxicity in the normal cells makes this drug highly toxic; thereby decreasing its therapeutic index for clinical use. The study investigated the chemoprotective potential of American ginseng root extract against MMC by using the micronuclei test in a mouse test system. Pre-treatment with ginseng at doses 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, p.o. for 3 and 7 days significantly decreased the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs). Similar protective effects were also observed during co-treatment with ginseng at similar doses for 3 and 7 days. The present results indicate that American ginseng extract is capable of suppressing the chromosomal aberration induced by MMC in mice. Thus, American ginseng may be a potent chemoprotective agent against the toxicity of the anticancer drug, mitomycin C. Copyright (c) 2007 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.&quot; https://greenmedinfo.com/article/american-ginseng-capable-suppressing-chromosomal-aberration-induced-chemothera#comments Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity Mon, 20 Apr 2009 06:15:54 +0000 greenmedinfo 43035 at https://greenmedinfo.com Anticancer drugs may cause kidney disorders. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/anticancer-drugs-may-cause-kidney-disorders PMID:  Drug Saf. 2001 Jan;24(1):19-38. PMID: 11219485 Abstract Title:  Anticancer drug-induced kidney disorders. Abstract:  Nephrotoxicity is an inherent adverse effect of certain anticancer drugs. Renal dysfunction can be categorised as prerenal uraemia, intrinsic damage or postrenal uraemia according to the underlying pathophysiological process. Renal hypoperfusion promulgates prerenal uraemia. Intrinsic renal damage results from prolonged hypoperfusion, exposure to exogenous or endogenous nephrotoxins, renotubular precipitation of xenobiotics or endogenous compounds, renovascular obstruction, glomerular disease, renal microvascular damage or disease, and tubulointerstitial damage or disease. Postrenal uraemia is a consequence of clinically significant urinary tract obstruction. Clinical signs of nephrotoxicity and methods used to assess renal function are discussed. Mechanisms of chemotherapy-induced renal dysfunction generally include damage to vasculature or structures of the kidneys, haemolytic uraemic syndrome and prerenal perfusion deficits. Patients with cancer are frequently at risk of renal impairment secondary to disease-related and iatrogenic causes. This article reviews the incidence, presentation, prevention and management of anticancer drug-induced renal dysfunction. Dose-related nephrotoxicity subsequent to administration of certain chloroethylnitrosourea compounds (carmustine, semustine and streptozocin) is commonly heralded by increased serum creatinine levels, uraemia and proteinuria. Additional signs of streptozocin-induced nephrotoxicity include hypophosphataemia, hypokalaemia, hypouricaemia, renal tubular acidosis, glucosuria, aceturia and aminoaciduria. Cisplatin and carboplatin cause dose-related renal dysfunction. In addition to increased serum creatinine levels and uraemia, electrolyte abnormalities, such as hypomagnesaemia and hypokalaemia, are commonly reported adverse effects. Rarely, cisplatin has been implicated as the underlying cause of haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Pharmaceutical antidotes to cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity include amifostine, sodium thiosulfate and diethyldithiocarbamate. Dose- and age-related proximal tubular damage is an adverse effect of ifosfamide. In addition to renal wasting of electrolytes, glucose and amino acids, Fanconi syndrome, rickets and osteomalacia have occurred with ifosfamide treatment. High dose azacitidine causes renal dysfunction manifested by tubular acidosis, polyuria and increased urinary excretion of electrolytes, glucose and amino acids. Haemolytic uraemia is a rare adverse effect of gemcitabine. Methotrexate can cause increased serum creatinine levels, uraemia and haematuria. Acute renal failure is reported following administration of high dose methotrexate. Urinary alkalisation and hydration confer protection against methotrexate-induced renal dysfunction. Dose-related nephrotoxicity, including acute renal failure, are reported subsequent to treatment with pentostatin and diaziquone. Acute renal failure is a rare adverse effect of treatment with interferon-alpha. Haemolytic uraemic syndrome occurs with mitomycin administration. A mortality rate of 50 to 100% is reported in patients developing mitomycin-induced haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Capillary leak syndrome occurring with aldesleukin therapy can cause renal dysfunction. Infusion-related hypotension during infusion of high dose carmustine can precipitate renal dysfunction. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/anticancer-drugs-may-cause-kidney-disorders#comments Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity Iatrogenic Disease Antineoplastic Agents Chemotherapy Review Wed, 29 Dec 2010 22:36:00 +0000 greenmedinfo 59934 at https://greenmedinfo.com Antioxidants & Chemotherapy: the Cruelest Lie Ever Told https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/antioxidants-chemotherapy-cruelest-lie-ever-told <p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif;"><img alt="" src="//cdn.greenmedinfo.com/sites/default/files/ckeditor/blank.justin/images/AntioxidantsChemotherapytheCruelestLieEverTold.jpg" style="width: 600px; height: 316px;" title="Antioxidants &amp; Chemotherapy: the Cruelest Lie Ever Told" /></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:18px;"><strong>Cancer patients are suffering from devastating side effects of chemotherapy, when antioxidants may be the answer</strong></span></p><p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/antioxidants-chemotherapy-cruelest-lie-ever-told" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/antioxidants-chemotherapy-cruelest-lie-ever-told#comments Antioxidant formulas Cancers Chemotherapy-Induced Kidney Damage Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity Glutathione Melatonin Nausea: Chemotherapy-Induced Vitamin E Chemical and Drug Toxicity Chemotherapy Chemotherapy Antioxidant formulas Cancer chemo Chemotherapy Induced Toxicity glutathione melatonin VITAMIN E Mon, 31 Jul 2017 23:08:20 +0000 Linda Woolven and Ted Snider 151027 at https://greenmedinfo.com