Dyskinesia Syndromes https://greenmedinfo.com/taxonomy/term/1770/all en A water extract of Mucuna pruriens provides long-term amelioration of parkinsonism with reduced risk for dyskinesias. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/water-extract-mucuna-pruriens-provides-long-term-amelioration-parkinsonism-red PMID:  Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2010 Aug;16(7):458-65. Epub 2010 May 31. PMID: 20570206 Abstract Title:  A water extract of Mucuna pruriens provides long-term amelioration of parkinsonism with reduced risk for dyskinesias. Abstract:  Dopaminergic anti-parkinsonian medications, such as levodopa (LD) cause drug-induced dyskinesias (DID) in majority of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Mucuna pruriens, a legume extensively used in Ayurveda to treat PD, is reputed to provide anti-parkinsonian benefits without inducing DID. We compared the behavioral effects of chronic parenteral administration of a water extract of M. pruriens seed powder (MPE) alone without any additives, MPE combined with the peripheral dopa-decarboxylase inhibitor (DDCI) benserazide (MPE+BZ), LD+BZ and LD alone without BZ in the hemiparkinsonian rat model of PD. A battery of behavioral tests assessed by blinded investigators served as outcome measures in these randomized trials. In experiment 1, animals that received LD+BZ or MPE+BZ at high (6mg/kg) and medium (4mg/kg) equivalent doses demonstrated significant alleviation of parkinsonism, but, developed severe dose-dependent DID. LD+BZ at low doses (2mg/kg) did not provide significant alleviation of parkinsonism. In contrast, MPE+BZ at an equivalent low dose significantly ameliorated parkinsonism. In experiment 2, MPE without any additives (12mg/kg and 20mg/kg LD equivalent dose) alleviated parkinsonism with significantly less DID compared to LD+BZ or MPE+BZ. In experiment 3, MPE without additives administered chronically provided long-term anti-parkinsonian benefits without causing DID. In experiment 4, MPE alone provided significantly more behavioral benefit when compared to the equivalent dose of synthetic LD alone without BZ. In experiment 5, MPE alone reduced the severity of DID in animals initially primed with LD+BZ. These findings suggest that M. pruriens contains water-soluble ingredients that either have an intrinsic DDCI-like activity or mitigate the need for an add-on DDCI to ameliorate parkinsonism. These unique long-term anti-parkinsonian effects of a parenterally administered water extract of M. pruriens seed powder may provide a platform for future drug discoveries and novel treatment strategies in PD. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/water-extract-mucuna-pruriens-provides-long-term-amelioration-parkinsonism-red#comments Dopa bean Dyskinesia Syndromes Parkinson's Disease Parkinsonian Disorders Animal Study Mon, 13 Sep 2010 17:42:28 +0000 greenmedinfo 56334 at https://greenmedinfo.com Long-term intake of trans FA caused a small but significant brain incorporation of trans FA, which favored development of movement disorders. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/long-term-intake-trans-fa-caused-small-significant-brain-incorporation-trans-f PMID:  Behav Brain Res. 2012 Jan 15 ;226(2):504-10. Epub 2011 Oct 8. PMID: 22004982 Abstract Title:  Could dietary trans fatty acids induce movement disorders? Effects of exercise and its influence on Na⁺K⁺-ATPase and catalase activity in rat striatum. Abstract:  The influence of trans fatty acids (FA) on development of orofacial dyskinesia (OD) and locomotor activity was evaluated. Rats were fed with diets enriched with 20% soybean oil (SO; n-6 FA), lard (L; saturated FA) or hydrogenated vegetable fat (HVF; trans FA) for 60 weeks. In the last 12 weeks each group was subdivided into sedentary and exercised (swimming). Brains of HVF and L-fed rats incorporated 0.33% and 0.20% of trans FA, respectively, while SO-fed group showed no incorporation of trans FA. HVF increased OD, while exercise exacerbated this in L and HVF-fed rats. HVF and L reduced locomotor activity, and exercise did not modify. Striatal catalase activity was reduced by L and HVF, but exercise increased its activity in the HVF-fed group. Na(+)K(+)-ATPase activity was not modified by dietary FA, however it was increased by exercise in striatum of SO and L-fed rats. We hypothesized that movement disorders elicited by HVF and less by L could be related to increased dopamine levels in striatum, which have been related to chronic trans FA intake. Exercise increased OD possibly by increase of brain dopamine levels, which generates pro-oxidant metabolites. Thus, a long-term intake of trans FA caused a small but significant brain incorporation of trans FA, which favored development of movement disorders. Exercise worsened behavioral outcomes of HVF and L-fed rats and increased Na(+)K(+)-ATPase activity of L and SO-fed rats, indicating its benefits. HVF blunted beneficial effects of exercise, indicating a critical role of trans FA in brain neurochemistry. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/long-term-intake-trans-fa-caused-small-significant-brain-incorporation-trans-f#comments Dyskinesia Syndromes Movement Disorders Trans Fatty Acids Animal Study Mon, 12 Mar 2012 02:02:39 +0000 greenmedinfo 73363 at https://greenmedinfo.com Vitamin B6 may reduce the severity of levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/vitamin-b6-may-reduce-severity-levodopa-induced-dyskinesias-parkinsons-disease PMID:  Phytother Res. 2008 Sep;22(9):1162-7. PMID: 2269609 Abstract Title:  Pyridoxine improves drug-induced parkinsonism and psychosis in a schizophrenic patient. Abstract:  Drug-induced Parkinsonism is a common serious side-effect of neuroleptic therapy. In cases of irreversible drug-induced Parkinsonism, pharmacological management is notoriously difficult. A schizophrenic patient with severe neuroleptic-induced Parkinsonism and Tardive Dyskinesia is presented in whom administration of pyridoxine (vitamin B6) (100 mg/d) resulted in dramatic and persistent attenuation of the movement disorders as well as reduction of psychotic behavior. Since pyridoxine deficiency is associated with marked reduction of cerebral serotonin concentrations and pineal melatonin production in rats, the effects of pyridoxine on the movement disorder and psychosis may have been mediated largely by enhancing serotonin and melatonin functions. An additional effect of excess pyridoxine administration on GABA and dopamine activity cannot be excluded. Pyridoxine has been reported to attenuate the severity of levodopa-induced dyskinesias in patients with Parkinson's disease and it is suggested that pyridoxine supplementation should be considered in psychiatric patients with drug-induced movement disorders including persistent Parkinsonism. An underlying pyridoxine deficiency in these patients may exacerbate the psychotic behavior and additionally, potentially increase the risk of drug-induced movement disorders. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/vitamin-b6-may-reduce-severity-levodopa-induced-dyskinesias-parkinsons-disease#comments Dyskinesia Syndromes Parkinson's Disease Vitamin B-6 Drug Side Effect Attenuation Drug: Levodopa Commentary Mon, 20 Apr 2009 06:19:07 +0000 greenmedinfo 43767 at https://greenmedinfo.com