Glioma https://greenmedinfo.com/taxonomy/term/2284/all en BNIP3 contributes to silibinin-induced DNA double strand breaks in glioma cells via inhibition of mTOR https://greenmedinfo.com/article/bnip3-contributes-silibinin-induced-dna-double-strand-breaks-glioma-cells-inhi PMID:  Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2022 Jan 22 ;589:1-8. Epub 2021 Dec 3. PMID: 34883284 Abstract Title:  BNIP3 contributes to silibinin-induced DNA double strand breaks in glioma cells via inhibition of mTOR. Abstract:  BNIP3 is found to eliminate cancer cells via causing mitochondrial damage and endoplasmic reticulum stress, but it remains elusive of its role in regulating DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). In this study, we find that silibinin triggers DNA DSBs, ROS accumulation and expressional upregulation of BNIP3 in glioma cells. Mitigation of ROS with antioxidant GSH significantly inhibits silibinin-induced DNA DSBs and glioma cell death. Then, we find knockdown of BNIP3 with SiRNA obviously prevents silibinin-induced DNA DSBs and ROS accumulation. Mechanistically, BNIP3 knockdown not only reverses silibinin-triggered depletion of cysteine and GSH via maintaining xCT level, but also abrogates catalase decrease. Notably, silibinin-induced dephosphorylation of mTOR is also prevented when BNIP3 is knocked down. Given that activated mTOR could promote xCT expression and inhibit autophagic degradation of catalase, our data suggest that BNIP3 contributes to silibinin-induced DNA DSBs via improving intracellular ROS by inhibition of mTOR. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/bnip3-contributes-silibinin-induced-dna-double-strand-breaks-glioma-cells-inhi" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/bnip3-contributes-silibinin-induced-dna-double-strand-breaks-glioma-cells-inhi#comments Glioma Silibinin Chemotherapeutic In Vitro Study Mon, 17 Jan 2022 05:16:01 +0000 greenmedinfo 251836 at https://greenmedinfo.com Hot water extracts of ganoderma tsugae were effective in inhibiting the antiproliferation of C6, Hep 3B, and HL-60 cells. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/hot-water-extracts-ganoderma-tsugae-were-effective-inhibiting-antiproliferatio PMID:  Int J Med Mushrooms. 2015 ;17(5):453-62. PMID: 26082984 Abstract Title:  Antiproliferative Activities of Hot Water Extracts from Culinary-Medicinal Mushrooms, Ganoderma tsugae and Agrocybe cylindracea (Higher Basidiomycetes) on Cancer Cells. Abstract:  Using anticancer agents to progress chemotherapy to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells is an effective means. Two medicinal mushrooms, Ganoderma tsugae and Agrocybe cylindracea, exhibited various physiological effects, and the antiproliferation effect on HL-60, Hep 3B, and C6 cells was studied. The viability of different cancer cells was decreased significantly by hot water extracts from different forms of G. tsugae and A. cylindracea. The hot water extracts from the fruit body, mycelium, and filtrate of A. cylindracea were less effective in inhibiting the antiproliferation of C6, Hep 3B, and HL-60 cells than were those from G. tsugae, as evidenced by their IC50 values. The IC50 values of G. tsugae on C6, Hep 3B, and HL-60 cells were 1.13, 2.73, and 2.60 mg/mL, respectively, whereas those of baby G. tsugae were 1.87, 2.63, and 3.12 mg/mL, respectively. In addition, the filtrates of G. tsugae on C6 and Hep 3B cells were 2.81 and 2.80 mg/mL, respectively. The morphological transformation of 3 cancer cells was observed clearly, and the possible mechanism would be necrosis, apoptosis, or differentiation. Owing to the noticeable effect on antiproliferation of hot water extracts, especially those from G. tsugae, the extract could be of great potential to be used as an alternative cancer therapy. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/hot-water-extracts-ganoderma-tsugae-were-effective-inhibiting-antiproliferatio#comments Acute Myeloid Leukemia Glioma Liver Cancer Medicinal Mushrooms Mushrooms: All Antiproliferative Apoptotic Plant Extracts In Vitro Study Tue, 23 Jun 2015 20:38:02 +0000 greenmedinfo 118394 at https://greenmedinfo.com "Effect of sulforaphane on growth inhibition in human brain malignant glioma GBM 8401 cells by means of mitochondrial- and MEK/ERK-mediated apoptosis pathway." https://greenmedinfo.com/article/effect-sulforaphane-growth-inhibition-human-brain-malignant-glioma-gbm-8401-ce PMID:  Cell Biochem Biophys. 2012 Jul ;63(3):247-59. PMID: 22565590 Abstract Title:  Effect of sulforaphane on growth inhibition in human brain malignant glioma GBM 8401 cells by means of mitochondrial- and MEK/ERK-mediated apoptosis pathway. Abstract:  In recent studies, sulforaphane (SFN) has been seen to demonstrate antioxidant and anti-tumor activities as well as potent chemopreventive action against cancer. The present study investigates the anti-proliferation (using MTT assay, SFN demonstrated cytotoxic activity against GBM 8401 cell with IC(50) values at 35.52μM) and induced apoptosis of SFN 24-h treatment in the cells of human brain malignant glioma GBM 8401 cells. We studied the MMP, caspase, MEK/ERK activation, and NF-κB transcription factor activity. Our results indicate that SFN inhibits cell proliferation as well as the activation of apoptosis inGBM 8401 cells. Both effects increased in proportion to the dosage of SFN, and apoptosis was induced via mitochondria- and caspase-dependent pathways. Daily s.c. injections of SFN for 3 weeks in severe combined immunodeficient mice (SCID) with GBM8401 s.c. tumors resulted in a decrease in mean tumor weight of 69-75 % compared with vehicle-treated controls. Our findings suggest that, in addition to the known effects on cancer prevention, SFN may provide antitumor activity in established malignant glioma. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/effect-sulforaphane-growth-inhibition-human-brain-malignant-glioma-gbm-8401-ce#comments Glioma Sulforaphane Anticarcinogenic Agents Antiproliferative Apoptotic NF-kappaB Inhibitor Commentary Wed, 19 Dec 2012 18:05:22 +0000 greenmedinfo 87183 at https://greenmedinfo.com 5G: The New York Times Gets it Wrong Again https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/5g-new-york-times-gets-it-wrong-again <div class="copyright">This article is copyrighted by GreenMedInfo LLC, 2019<br/><strong><a href="/greenmedinfocom-re-post-guidelines">Visit our Re-post guidelines</a></strong></div><p class="rtecenter"><img alt="" src="//cdn.greenmedinfo.com/sites/default/files/ckeditor/blank.justin/images/5G_The_New_York_Times_Gets_it_Wrong_Again.jpg" style="width: 600px; height: 315px;" /></p><p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/5g-new-york-times-gets-it-wrong-again" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/5g-new-york-times-gets-it-wrong-again#comments Brain Cancer Glioma Inflammation Oxidative Stress Cancer Health Guide: Corruption in Science Radiation Exposure corruption in science electromagnetic fields technology Wed, 24 Jul 2019 19:25:02 +0000 DebraGreene 191806 at https://greenmedinfo.com 6-shogaol enhances TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in renal carcinoma Caki cells via ROS-mediated cytochrome c release and down-regulation of c-FLIP(L) expression. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/6-shogaol-enhances-trail-mediated-apoptosis-renal-carcinoma-caki-cells-ros-med PMID:  Chem Biol Interact. 2015 Feb 25 ;228:69-78. Epub 2015 Jan 22. PMID: 25619640 Abstract Title:  6-Shogaol enhances renal carcinoma Caki cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis through reactive oxygen species-mediated cytochrome c release and down-regulation of c-FLIP(L) expression. Abstract:  6-Shogaol, a potent bioactive compound in ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), has been reported for anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity. In this study, we investigated the effect of 6-shogaol to enhance tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-mediated apoptosis. The combined treatment with 6-shogaol and TRAIL markedly induces apoptosis in various cancer cells (renal carcinoma Caki cells, breast carcinoma MDA-MB-231 cells and glioma U118MG cells), but not in normal mesangial cells and normal mouse kidney cells. 6-Shogaol reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and released cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol via Bax activation. Furthermore, we found that 6-shogaol induced down-regulation of c-FLIP(L) expression at the post-translational levels and the overexpression of c-FLIP(L) markedly inhibited 6-shogaol plus TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Moreover, 6-shogaol increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in Caki cells. Pretreatment with ROS scavengers attenuated 6-shogaol plus TRAIL-induced apoptosis through inhibition of MMP reduction and down-regulation of c-FLIP(L) expression. In addition, 6-gingerol, another phenolic alkanone isolated from ginger, did not enhance TRAIL-induced apoptosis and down-regulate c-FLIP(L) expression. Taken together, our results demonstrated that 6-shogaol enhances TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in renal carcinoma Caki cells via ROS-mediated cytochrome c release and down-regulation of c-FLIP(L) expression. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/6-shogaol-enhances-trail-mediated-apoptosis-renal-carcinoma-caki-cells-ros-med#comments 6-Shogaol Breast Cancer: Triple Negative Glioma Kidney Cancer Antiproliferative Apoptotic Selective Cytotoxicity In Vitro Study Fri, 12 Jun 2015 17:23:33 +0000 greenmedinfo 118293 at https://greenmedinfo.com :"Folate supplementation limits the tumourigenesis in rodent models of gliomagenesis." https://greenmedinfo.com/article/folate-supplementation-limits-tumourigenesis-rodent-models-gliomagenesis PMID:  Eur J Cancer. 2012 Feb 8. Epub 2012 Feb 8. PMID: 22325970 Abstract Title:  Folate supplementation limits the tumourigenesis in rodent models of gliomagenesis. Abstract:  A hallmark of cancer is the paradoxical co-presence, in the same tumour, of local and global DNA hypomethylation together with the regional hypermethylation of certain genes. Due to the oncogenic role of these different DNA methylation alterations, two therapeutic strategies are possible: the use of DNA methylating agents (DMA, such as folate) to inhibit global or local DNA hypomethylation or the use of DNA hypomethylating agents (DHA, such as 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine) to abrogate the accumulation of hypermethylated genes. Here we explored the use of folate to treat gliomas in a mouse model, using tumours induced by either PDGF-B or Ras/Akt overexpression, or by ethylnitrosourea (ENU) treatment. Under all conditions the volume of tumours were significantly less in folate treated mice than in untreated mice. Quantitative methylated DNA immunoprecipitation (qMeDIP) and quantitative methylated specific PCR (qMSP) analysis of methylation status showed that folate treatment, increased the methylation level of DNA repeat elements in tumour and in colorectal tissue and that of MGMT and specific oncogenes (PDGF-B or survivin) in tumours (but not in colorectal tissue), but had no effect on the expression of tumour suppressor genes (p53, PTENorbax) in tumours or in colorectal tissue. This suggests that folate has anti-neoplastic effects in gliomas and that no preneoplastic or neoplastic alterations were observed in unaffected colorectal tissue in response to the potential tumourigenic effects of folate. Collectively, our data support the proposal to include folate as a promising adjuvant in the design of anti-glioma therapeutic protocols in clinical studies. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/folate-supplementation-limits-tumourigenesis-rodent-models-gliomagenesis#comments Folate Glioma Chemopreventive Animal Study Fri, 17 Feb 2012 19:16:06 +0000 greenmedinfo 71247 at https://greenmedinfo.com A ashwagandha water extract suppressed the tumor growth of glioma cells. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/ashwagandha-water-extract-suppressed-tumor-growth-glioma-cells PMID:  Mol Neurobiol. 2015 Jul 26. Epub 2015 Jul 26. PMID: 26208698 Abstract Title:  Withania somnifera Suppresses Tumor Growth of Intracranial Allograft of Glioma Cells. Abstract:  Gliomas are the most frequent type of primary brain tumor in adults. Their highly proliferative nature, complex cellular composition, and ability to escape therapies have confronted investigators for years, hindering the advancement toward an effective treatment. Agents that are safe and can be administered as dietary supplements have always remained priority to be most feasible for cancer therapy. Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) is an essential ingredient of Ayurvedic preparations and is known to eliminate cancer cells derived from a variety of peripheral tissues. Although our previous studies have addressed the in vitro anti-proliferative and differentiation-inducing properties of ashwagandha on neuronal cell lines, in vivo studies validating the same are lacking. While exploring the mechanism of its action in vitro, we observed that the ashwagandha water extract (ASH-WEX) induced the G2/M phase blockade and caused the activation of multiple pro-apoptotic pathways, leading to suppression of cyclin D1, bcl-xl, and p-Akt, and reduced the expression of polysialylated form of neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) as well as the activity of matrix metalloproteinases. ASH-WEX reduced the intracranial tumor volumes in vivo and suppressed the tumor-promoting proteins p-nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), p-Akt, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), PSA-NCAM, and cyclin D1 in the rat model of orthotopic glioma allograft. Reduction in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and upregulation of mortalin and neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) expression specifically in tumor-bearing tissue further indicated the anti-glioma efficacy of ASH-WEX in vivo. Combining this enhanced understanding of the molecular mechanisms of ASH-WEX in glioma with in vivo model system offers new opportunities to develop therapeutic strategy for safe, specific, and effective formulations for treating brain tumors. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/ashwagandha-water-extract-suppressed-tumor-growth-glioma-cells#comments Ashwagandha Glioma Antiproliferative Heat Shock Protein Down-Regulation NF-kappaB Inhibitor Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibitors Plant Extracts Animal Study In Vitro Study Sat, 24 Oct 2015 00:01:42 +0000 greenmedinfo 121312 at https://greenmedinfo.com A case report of the clinical outcome and image response of two patients with secondary high-grade glioma. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/case-report-clinical-outcome-and-image-response-two-patients-secondary-high-gr PMID:  Front Oncol. 2018 ;8:643. Epub 2019 Jan 18. PMID: 30713832 Abstract Title:  Case Report: Clinical Outcome and Image Response of Two Patients With Secondary High-Grade Glioma Treated With Chemoradiation, PCV, and Cannabidiol. Abstract:  We describe two patients with a confirmed diagnosis of high-grade gliomas (grades III/IV), both presenting with O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) methylated and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH-1) mutated who, after subtotal resection, were submitted to chemoradiation and followed by PCV, a multiple drug regimen (procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine) associated with cannabidiol (CBD). Both patients presented with satisfactory clinical and imaging responses at periodic evaluations. Immediately after chemoradiation therapy, one of the patients presented with an exacerbated and precocious pseudoprogression (PSD) assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which was resolved in a short period. The other patient presented with a marked remission of altered areas compared with the post-operative scans as assessed by MRI. Such aspects are not commonly observed in patients only treated with conventional modalities. This observation might highlight the potential effect of CBD to increase PSD or improve chemoradiation responses that impact survival. Further investigation with more patients and critical molecular analyses should be performed. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/case-report-clinical-outcome-and-image-response-two-patients-secondary-high-gr" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/case-report-clinical-outcome-and-image-response-two-patients-secondary-high-gr#comments Cannabidiol Glioma Chemotherapeutic Human: Case Report Thu, 14 Feb 2019 21:36:39 +0000 greenmedinfo 179702 at https://greenmedinfo.com A combination of doxorubicin and tetrahydrocurcumin nanoparticles is a promising strategy for synergistic and sensitizing chemoradiotherapy of glioma. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/combination-doxorubicin-and-tetrahydrocurcumin-nanoparticles-promising-strateg PMID:  Med Sci Monit. 2019 Dec 19 ;25:9737-9751. Epub 2019 Dec 19. PMID: 31856143 Abstract Title:  Multifunctional Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)-Poly (Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) (PLGA)-Based Nanoparticles Loading Doxorubicin and Tetrahydrocurcumin for Combined Chemoradiotherapy of Glioma. Abstract:  BACKGROUND This study aimed to prepare doxorubicin- and tetrahydrocurcumin-loaded and transferrin-modified PEG-PLGA nanoparticles (Tf-NPs-DOX-THC) for enhanced and synergistic chemoradiotherapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS Tf-NPs-DOX-THC were prepared via the double-emulsion method. The morphologies and particle sizes of the prepared nanoparticles were examined by TEM and DLS, respectively. The in vitro MTT, apoptosis, and clone formation assays were performed to detect the proliferation and radiosensitivity of cells with various treatments. Cellular uptake assay was also conducted. The tissue distribution of Tf-NPs was investigated by ex vivo DOX fluorescence imaging. The in vivo tumor growth inhibition efficiency of various treatments was evaluated in orthotopic C6 mouse models and C6 subcutaneously grafted mouse models. RESULTS Tf-NPs-DOX-THC exhibited high drug-loading efficiency (6.56±0.32%) and desirable particle size (under 250 nm). MTT, apoptosis, and clone formation assays revealed the enhanced anti-cancer activity and favorable radiosensitizing effect of Tf-NPs-DOX-THC. Strong fluorescence was observed in the brains of mice treated with Tf-NPs-DOX. The in vitro release ofdrug from nanoparticles was in a pH-sensitive manner. Tf-NPs-DOX-THC in combination with radiation also achieved favorable anti-tumor efficacy in vivo. CONCLUSIONS All results suggest that a combination of Tf-NPs-DOX-THC and radiation is a promising strategy for synergistic and sensitizing chemoradiotherapy of glioma. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/combination-doxorubicin-and-tetrahydrocurcumin-nanoparticles-promising-strateg" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/combination-doxorubicin-and-tetrahydrocurcumin-nanoparticles-promising-strateg#comments Glioma Tetrahydrocurcumin Apoptotic Chemotherapeutic Chemotherapeutic Synergy: Doxorubicin In Vitro Study Wed, 22 Jan 2020 13:33:49 +0000 greenmedinfo 208839 at https://greenmedinfo.com A high fat/low carbohydrate ketogenic diet is therapeutic in an animal model of brain cancer. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/high-fatlow-carbohydrate-ketogenic-diet-therapeutic-animal-model-brain-cancer PMID:  Nutr Metab (Lond). 2007 Feb 21;4:5. PMID: 17313687 Abstract Title:  The calorically restricted ketogenic diet, an effective alternative therapy for malignant brain cancer. Abstract:  BACKGROUND: Malignant brain cancer persists as a major disease of morbidity and mortality in adults and is the second leading cause of cancer death in children. Many current therapies for malignant brain tumors fail to provide long-term management because they ineffectively target tumor cells while negatively impacting the health and vitality of normal brain cells. In contrast to brain tumor cells, which lack metabolic flexibility and are largely dependent on glucose for growth and survival, normal brain cells can metabolize both glucose and ketone bodies for energy. This study evaluated the efficacy of KetoCal, a new nutritionally balanced high fat/low carbohydrate ketogenic diet for children with epilepsy, on the growth and vascularity of a malignant mouse astrocytoma (CT-2A) and a human malignant glioma (U87-MG). METHODS: Adult mice were implanted orthotopically with the malignant brain tumors and KetoCal was administered to the mice in either unrestricted amounts or in restricted amounts to reduce total caloric intake according to the manufacturers recommendation for children with refractory epilepsy. The effects KetoCal on tumor growth, vascularity, and mouse survival were compared with that of an unrestricted high carbohydrate standard diet. RESULTS: KetoCal administered in restricted amounts significantly decreased the intracerebral growth of the CT-2A and U87-MG tumors by about 65% and 35%, respectively, and significantly enhanced health and survival relative to that of the control groups receiving the standard low fat/high carbohydrate diet. The restricted KetoCal diet reduced plasma glucose levels while elevating plasma ketone body (beta-hydroxybutyrate) levels. Tumor microvessel density was less in the calorically restricted KetoCal groups than in the calorically unrestricted control groups. Moreover, gene expression for the mitochondrial enzymes, beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and succinyl-CoA: 3-ketoacid CoA transferase, was lower in the tumors than in the contralateral normal brain suggesting that these brain tumors have reduced ability to metabolize ketone bodies for energy. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that KetoCal has anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic effects in experimental mouse and human brain tumors when administered in restricted amounts. The therapeutic effect of KetoCal for brain cancer management was due largely to the reduction of total caloric content, which reduces circulating glucose required for rapid tumor growth. A dependency on glucose for energy together with defects in ketone body metabolism largely account for why the brain tumors grow minimally on either a ketogenic-restricted diet or on a standard-restricted diet. Genes for ketone body metabolism should be useful for screening brain tumors that could be targeted with calorically restricted high fat/low carbohydrate ketogenic diets. This preclinical study indicates that restricted KetoCal is a safe and effective diet therapy and should be considered as an alternative therapeutic option for malignant brain cancer. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/high-fatlow-carbohydrate-ketogenic-diet-therapeutic-animal-model-brain-cancer#comments Astrocytoma Brain Cancer Glioma Dietary Modification: Low Carbohydrate/Ketogenic In Vitro Study Mon, 03 Aug 2009 12:30:40 +0000 greenmedinfo 46392 at https://greenmedinfo.com A ketogenic diet attenuates proliferation and stemness of glioma stem‑like cells by altering metabolism resulting in increased ROS production. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/ketogenic-diet-attenuates-proliferation-and-stemness-glioma-stem-cells-alterin PMID:  Int J Oncol. 2020 Feb ;56(2):606-617. Epub 2019 Dec 13. PMID: 31894296 Abstract Title:  A ketogenic diet attenuates proliferation and stemness of glioma stem‑like cells by altering metabolism resulting in increased ROS production. Abstract:  Abnormal metabolism serves a critical role in the development and progression of different types of malignancies including glioblastoma (GBM), and may therefore serve as a promising target for treatment of cancer. Preclinical studies have indicated that a ketogenic diet (KD) may exhibit beneficial effects in patients with GBM; however, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of a KD on glioma stem‑like cells (GSCs), by culturing patient‑derived primary GSCs as well as a GSC cell line in glucose‑restricted, β‑hydroxybutyrate‑containing medium (BHB‑Glow) which was used to mimic clinical KD treatment. GSCs cultured in BHB‑Glow medium exhibited reduced proliferation and increasedapoptosis compared with cells grown in the control medium. Furthermore, decreased expression of stem cell markers, diminished self‑renewal in vitro, and reduced tumorigenic capacity in vivo, providing evidence that the stemness of GSCs was compromised. Mechanistically, culturing in BHB‑Glow medium reduced glucose uptake and inhibited glycolysis in GSCs. Furthermore, culturing in the BHB‑Glow medium resulted in morphological and functional disturbances to the mitochondria of GSCs. These metabolic changes may have reduced ATP production, promoted lactic acid accumulation, and thus, increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in GSCs. The expression levels and activation of mammalian target of rapamycin, hypoxia‑inducible factor 1 and B‑cell lymphoma 2 were decreased, consistent with the reduced proliferation of GSCs in BHB‑Glow medium. ROS scavenging reversed the inhibitory effects of a KD on GSCs. Taken together, the results demonstrate that treatment with KD inhibited proliferation of GSCs, increased apoptosis and attenuated the stemness in GSCs by increasing ROS production. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/ketogenic-diet-attenuates-proliferation-and-stemness-glioma-stem-cells-alterin" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/ketogenic-diet-attenuates-proliferation-and-stemness-glioma-stem-cells-alterin#comments Glioma Antiproliferative Apoptotic Bcl-2 protein down-regulation Dietary Modification: Low Carbohydrate/Ketogenic Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) inhibitor Cancer Stem Cells In Vitro Study Sat, 15 Feb 2020 04:25:09 +0000 greenmedinfo 211971 at https://greenmedinfo.com A Njavara rice bran extract exhibits cytotoxic activity against glioma cells. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/njavara-rice-bran-extract-exhibits-cytotoxic-activity-against-glioma-cells PMID:  BMC Complement Altern Med. 2010;10:4. Epub 2010 Jan 28. PMID: 20109194 Abstract Title:  The antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of methanolic extracts from Njavara rice bran. Abstract:  ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Free radical-induced oxidative stress is the root cause for many human diseases. Naturally occurring antioxidant supplements from plants are vital to counter the oxidative damage in cells. The main objective of the present study was to characterize the antioxidant and antiproliferative potential of rice bran extracted from an important Indian rice variety, Njavara and to compare the same with two commercially available basmati rice varieties: Vasumathi, Yamini and a non medicinal variety, Jyothi. METHODS: Methanolic extracts of rice bran from four varieties; Vasumathi, Yamini, Jyothi and Njavara were used to study their total phenolic and flavonoid contents, in vitro antioxidant activities including total antioxidant activity, scavenging of nitric oxide and 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, reducing power and cytotoxic activity in C6 glioma cells. Correlation coefficient and regression analysis were done by using Sigmastat version 3.1 and Stata statistical package respectively. RESULTS: Rice bran methanolic extract from Njavara showed the highest antioxidant and cell cytotoxic properties compared to the other three rice varieties. IC50 values for scavenging DPPH and nitric oxide were in the range of 30.85-87.72 mug/ml and 52.25-107.18 mug/ml respectively. Total antioxidant activity and reducing power were increased with increasing amounts of the extract. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were in the range of 3.2-12.4 mg gallic acid-equivalent (GAE)/g bran and 1.68-8.5 mg quercetin-equivalent (QEE)/g bran respectively. IC50 values of cytotoxic assay (MTT assay) were 17.53-57.78 mug/ml. Correlation coefficient and regression analysis of phenolic content with DPPH and NO scavenging, MTT (-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay, total antioxidant assay and reducing power showed a highly significant correlation coefficient values (96-99%) and regression values (91-98%). CONCLUSION: The results of the present study show that the crude methanolic extract from Njavara rice bran contains significantly high polyphenolic compounds with superior antioxidant activity as evidenced by scavenging of free radicals including DPPH and NO. Njavara extracts also showed highest reducing power activity, anti-proliferative property in C6 glioma cells. In conclusion, it is conceivable that the Njavara rice variety could be exploited as one of the potential sources for plant - based pharmaceutical products. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/njavara-rice-bran-extract-exhibits-cytotoxic-activity-against-glioma-cells#comments Glioma Rice Bran In Vitro Study Sat, 27 Feb 2010 00:33:06 +0000 greenmedinfo 52589 at https://greenmedinfo.com A novel selective mitochondrial-targeted curcumin analog with remarkable cytotoxicity in glioma cells. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/novel-selective-mitochondrial-targeted-curcumin-analog-remarkable-cytotoxicity PMID:  Eur J Med Chem. 2021 Oct 5 ;221:113528. Epub 2021 May 12. PMID: 34020339 Abstract Title:  A novel selective mitochondrial-targeted curcumin analog with remarkable cytotoxicity in glioma cells. Abstract:  Naturally occurring polyphenol curcumin (4) or demethoxycurcumin (5) and their synthetic derivatives display promising anticancer activities. However, their further development is limited by low bioavailability and poor selectivity. Thus, a mitochondria-targeted compound 14 (DMC-TPP) was prepared in the present study by conjugating a triphenylphosphine moiety to the phenolic hydroxyl group of demethoxycurcumin to enhance its bioavailability and treatment efficacy. The in vitro biological experiments of DMC-TPP showed that it not only displayed higher cytotoxicity as compared with its parent compound 5, but also exhibited superior mitochondria accumulation ability. Glioma cells were more sensitive to DMC-TPP, which inhibited the proliferation of U251 cells with anICof 0.42 μM. The mechanism studies showed that DMC-TPP triggers mitochondria-dependent apoptosis, caused by caspase activation, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). In addition, DMC-TPP efficiently inhibited cellular thioredoxin reductase, which contributed to its cytotoxicity. Significantly, DMC-TPP delayed tumor progression in a mouse xenograft model of human glioma cancer. Taken together, the potent in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of DMC-TPP warrant further comprehensive evaluation as a novel anti-glioma agent. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/novel-selective-mitochondrial-targeted-curcumin-analog-remarkable-cytotoxicity" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/novel-selective-mitochondrial-targeted-curcumin-analog-remarkable-cytotoxicity#comments Curcumin Demethoxycurcumin Glioma Apoptotic Animal Study In Vitro Study Mon, 02 Aug 2021 17:27:27 +0000 greenmedinfo 243731 at https://greenmedinfo.com A review of the antiproliferative effects of cannabinoids on cancer cells. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/review-antiproliferative-effects-cannabinoids-cancer-cells PMID:  Mini Rev Med Chem. 2005 Oct ;5(10):941-52. PMID: 16250836 Abstract Title:  Cannabinoids and cancer. Abstract:  Marijuana has been used in medicine for millennia, but it was not until 1964 that delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta9-THC), its major psychoactive component, was isolated in pure form and its structure was elucidated. Shortly thereafter it was synthesized and became readily available. However, it took another decade until the first report on its antineoplastic activity appeared. In 1975, Munson discovered that cannabinoids suppress Lewis lung carcinoma cell growth. The mechanism of this action was shown to be inhibition of DNA synthesis. Antiproliferative action on some other cancer cells was also found. In spite of the promising results from these early studies, further investigations in this area were not reported until a few years ago, when almost simultaneously two groups initiated research on the antiproliferative effects of cannabinoids on cancer cells: Di Marzo&#039;s group found that cannabinoids inhibit breast cancer cell proliferation, and Guzman&#039;s group found that cannabinoids inhibit the growth of C6 glioma cell. Other groups also started work in this field, and today, a wide array of cancer cell lines that are affected is known, and some mechanisms involved have been elucidated. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/review-antiproliferative-effects-cannabinoids-cancer-cells#comments Breast Cancer Cannabinoids Delta-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Glioma Lung Cancer Antineoplastic Agents Antiproliferative Review Sun, 03 May 2015 22:03:54 +0000 greenmedinfo 117113 at https://greenmedinfo.com A review of the role of medicinal mushrooms in brain cancer therapies. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/review-role-medicinal-mushrooms-brain-cancer-therapies PMID:  Int J Med Mushrooms. 2021 ;23(5):13-20. PMID: 34347991 Abstract Title:  The Role of Medicinal Mushrooms in Brain Cancer Therapies: Review. Abstract:  Medicinal mushrooms are considered an unlimited source of polysaccharides (mainlyβ-glucans) and polysaccharide-protein complexes and possess various immunological and anticancer properties. In addition, their use in integrative medicine leads to a clear reduction of side effects in patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The literature reports a number of beneficial effects of using mushrooms as health supplements in patients affected by high-grade glioma. The effects of medicinal mushrooms on side effects in patients with brain cancer and a case study report are also described in this review. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/review-role-medicinal-mushrooms-brain-cancer-therapies" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/review-role-medicinal-mushrooms-brain-cancer-therapies#comments Brain Cancer Glioma Medicinal Mushrooms Chemoprotective Agents Radioprotective Polysaccharides Review Sun, 22 Aug 2021 18:40:02 +0000 greenmedinfo 244721 at https://greenmedinfo.com