Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities https://greenmedinfo.com/taxonomy/term/3452/all en Breastfeeding may be beneficial for infants diagnosed with neonatal abstinence syndrome by shortening the length of hospital stay. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/breastfeeding-may-be-beneficial-infants-diagnosed-neonatal-abstinence-syndrome PMID:  Breastfeed Med. 2016 Sep ;11:343-9. Epub 2016 Aug 16. PMID: 27529500 Abstract Title:  The Association Between Breastfeeding and Length of Hospital Stay Among Infants Diagnosed with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome: A Population-Based Study of In-Hospital Births. Abstract:  OBJECTIVE: The incidence of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), a drug withdraw syndrome mainly associated with intrauterine opioid exposure, has increased considerably in the United States since 2000. Nonpharmacological options, including breastfeeding, may be effective at improving outcomes in this population. The objective of this population-based study was to examine the association between breastfeeding and length of hospital stay among infants diagnosed with NAS.METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of singleton in-hospital births to resident mothers in Pennsylvania. Hospital discharge data from births occurring between 2012 through 2014 were linked with corresponding birth certificate data. International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification discharge diagnosis codes were used to identify NAS neonates (N = 3,725). Breastfeeding at discharge was used to determine breastfeeding status. Infant and maternal characteristics were compared by breastfeeding status and the association between breastfeeding and infant length of hospitalization was assessed.RESULTS: Less than one-half of infants diagnosed with NAS were breastfed at discharge. Significant differences in infant birth weight and gestational age, and maternal education, marital status, prenatal care, smoking, and insurance status were found by breastfeeding status. A significant inverse relationship existed between breastfeeding and hospital length of stay for infants diagnosed with NAS. Specifically, length of hospitalization was reduced by 9.4% in the breastfed group compared to the nonbreastfed group.CONCLUSION: Breastfeeding may be beneficial for infants diagnosed with NAS by shortening the length of hospital stay. Future prospective studies are warranted to further examine the benefits of breastfeeding and other nonpharmaceutical interventions in NAS populations. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/breastfeeding-may-be-beneficial-infants-diagnosed-neonatal-abstinence-syndrome" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/breastfeeding-may-be-beneficial-infants-diagnosed-neonatal-abstinence-syndrome#comments Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities Breastfeeding Risk Reduction Human Study Mon, 17 Oct 2016 18:48:22 +0000 greenmedinfo 136072 at https://greenmedinfo.com Green beans resolve diarrhea associated with bowel surgery in neonates. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/green-beans-resolve-diarrhea-associated-bowel-surgery-neonates PMID:  Nutr Clin Pract. 2005 Dec;20(6):674-7. PMID: 16306306 Abstract Title:  Adding dietary green beans resolves the diarrhea associated with bowel surgery in neonates: a case study. Abstract:  Feeding intolerance is a common problem in infants who have had multiple or extensive resections of their small bowel. Chronic malabsorption and diarrhea are common side effects that inhibit the advancement of enteral feedings and prolong dependence on parenteral nutrition (PN). Poor growth, recurrent central line infections, cholestasis, and osteopenia are well-known complications associated with long-term PN dependency. It has been shown that, in adults with short bowel syndrome, providing dietary fiber can improve tolerance to enteral feeding. There are no published studies that have addressed the influence of dietary fiber on feeding intolerance in infants after bowel resections. The ensuing case studies illustrate the positive outcomes of fiber use in infants with diarrhea secondary to small bowel resections. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/green-beans-resolve-diarrhea-associated-bowel-surgery-neonates#comments Diarrhea: in Children Green Beans Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities Human Study Tue, 13 Oct 2009 20:13:54 +0000 greenmedinfo 47426 at https://greenmedinfo.com Increased rates of breastfeeding should result in fewer hospitalizations for neonatal fever. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/increased-rates-breastfeeding-should-result-fewer-hospitalizations-neonatal-fe PMID:  Breastfeed Med. 2016 Jun ;11:218-21. Epub 2016 Aug 12. PMID: 27070106 Abstract Title:  Breastfeeding Is Associated with Decreased Hospitalization for Neonatal Fever. Abstract:  BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding is the recommended method for feeding newborns and infants. It confers significant health benefits upon both infant and mother and provides developmental, social, and economic advantages.OBJECTIVE: This study explored possible correlations between breastfeeding and neonatal fever (NF).MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and forty infants hospitalized for fever during the first month of life (NF) were identified by retrospective chart review. These were matched with healthy infants born on the same day in the study hospital and who were not hospitalized in the first month of life. A structured telephone interview to determine breastfeeding practice was conducted with the parents of all study participants.RESULTS: The prevalence of children who were formula fed or only partially breastfed was significantly higher among hospitalized children compared to healthy controls (66% versus 34%, respectively, p <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/increased-rates-breastfeeding-should-result-fewer-hospitalizations-neonatal-fe" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/increased-rates-breastfeeding-should-result-fewer-hospitalizations-neonatal-fe#comments Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities Breastfeeding Risk Reduction Human Study Fri, 21 Oct 2016 14:27:42 +0000 greenmedinfo 136174 at https://greenmedinfo.com Phosphatidylcholine induces an increase in the production of interleukin-6 and improves survival of rats with neonatal sepsis caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/phosphatidylcholine-induces-increase-production-interleukin-6-and-improves-sur PMID:  Gac Med Mex. 1995 Jan-Feb;131(1):14-22. PMID: 7493735 Abstract Title:  [Phosphatidylcholine induces an increase in the production of interleukin-6 and improves survival of rats with neonatal sepsis caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae]. Abstract:  Infections by gram-negative bacteria are one of the major causes of death in newborns. Bacterial clearance is deficient in septic neonates, which seems to increase their susceptibility to infections. In this study, we observed a significant improvement in clearance of Klebsiella pneumoniae in newborn wistar rats inoculated by intraperitoneal via with 800 mg k soybean phosphatidylcholine (PC), compared to the control group injected with PBS (p 0.05). The overall survival rate was improved (p 0.05) and the white blood cell counts showed a greater leukocytosis and neutrophilia during the peak of bacteremia in the PC treated animals. Circulating levels of interleukin-6 were greater in the PC group, which developed an intense splenic hematopoiesis of the granulocyte (p 0.05) and megakariocyte series (p 0.01). No significant changes were observed in bone marrow granulocyte deposits in both study groups. The improvement in survival rate, the changes in leukocyte counts and the splenic hematopoiesis may be associated with the increased production of IL-6. These results suggest that IL-6 plays a role in the protection mechanism induced by PC in this experimental model of newborn septicemia. PC seems to be an immunomodulator of the acute response to gram-negative bacterial infection. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/phosphatidylcholine-induces-increase-production-interleukin-6-and-improves-sur#comments Infant Infections Klebsiella Infections Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities Phosphatidylcholine Interleukin-6 Downregulation Animal Study Fri, 05 Feb 2010 03:24:25 +0000 greenmedinfo 50879 at https://greenmedinfo.com The results showed that cognitive functions and alterations in the working memory and anxiety levels were detected in mice exposed to cesium-137combined with paraquat exposure. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/results-showed-cognitive-functions-and-alterations-working-memory-and-anxiety- PMID:  Toxicology. 2015 Mar 2 ;329:73-9. Epub 2015 Jan 17. PMID: 25602925 Abstract Title:  Neurobehavioral effects of concurrent exposure to cesium-137 and paraquat during neonatal development in mice. Abstract:  As a result of nuclear power plants accidents such as Chernobyl or Fukushima, some people were exposed to external and internal ionizing radiation (IR). Human brain is highly sensitive to IR during fetal and postnatal period when the molecular processes are not completely finished. Various studies have shown that exposure to low doses of IR causes a higher incidence of cognitive impairment. On the other hand, in industrialized countries, people are daily exposed to a number of toxicant pollutants. Exposure to environmental chemicals, such as paraquat (PQ), may potentiate the toxic effects induced by radiation on brain development. In this study, we evaluated the cognitive effects of concomitant exposure to low doses of internal radiation ((137)Cs) and PQ during neonatal brain development. At the postnatal day 10 (PND10), two groups of mice (C57BL/6J) were exposed to (137)Cs (4000 and 8000 Bq/kg) and/or PQ (7 mg/kg). To investigate the spontaneous behavior, learning, memory capacities and anxiety, behavioral tests were conducted in the offspring at two months of age. The results showed that cognitive functions were not significantly affected when (137)Cs or PQ were administered alone. However, alterations in the working memory and anxiety were detected in mice exposed to (137)Cs combined with PQ. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/results-showed-cognitive-functions-and-alterations-working-memory-and-anxiety-#comments Learning disorders Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities Radiation-Induced Illness: Cesium-137 Exposure Cesium-137 Paraquat Chernobyl Environmental Toxicity Fukushima Synergistic Toxicity Animal Study Fri, 15 May 2015 03:05:25 +0000 greenmedinfo 117433 at https://greenmedinfo.com Use of Lactobacillus casei subspecies Rhamnosus GG reduces gastrointestinal colonization by Candida species in preterm neonates. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/use-lactobacillus-casei-subspecies-rhamnosus-gg-reduces-gastrointestinal-colon PMID:  J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2007 Dec;45 Suppl 3:S190-4. PMID: 18185091 Abstract Title:  Use of Lactobacillus casei subspecies Rhamnosus GG and gastrointestinal colonization by Candida species in preterm neonates. Abstract:  Candida species increasingly cause morbidity and mortality in the premature infant in neonatal intensive care units, and the gut reservoir is the site from which dissemination most frequently starts in such patients. Specific antifungal prophylaxis is the most suitable strategy with which to limit the severity and the frequent neurodevelopmental impairment in survivors that is associated with neonatal invasive fungal infections. Recent interest has focused on the use of probiotics for the treatment of several diseases in neonatal patients. Pilot studies have implicated these organisms in necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis, and urinary tract infections. Other applications of probiotic therapy in preterm neonates may also include the prevention of fungal colonization and of Candida-related disorders. Probiotics could provide an innovative and less invasive approach because they modify the bowel flora by colonizing the gastrointestinal tract. Basic research has shown that in mice models, the Lactobacillus casei subsp Rhamnosus GG (LGG) is effective in preventing Candida gut colonization and systemic dissemination. A pilot, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in human preterm neonates has demonstrated that LGG administered in the first month of life significantly reduces enteric Candida colonization. The present article summarizes the state of the art about probiotics and Candida-related diseases in the preterm neonate and emphasizes the need for further investigations to determine unequivocally the possible role of LGG in the prevention and management of the fungal diseases in preterm neonates. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/use-lactobacillus-casei-subspecies-rhamnosus-gg-reduces-gastrointestinal-colon#comments Candida Infection Candida Infection: Infant Infant Infections Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities Premature Birth Antifungal Agents Human Study Wed, 05 Jan 2011 17:04:02 +0000 greenmedinfo 60110 at https://greenmedinfo.com