Osteosarcoma https://greenmedinfo.com/taxonomy/term/3681/all en Oridonin exerts anticancer effect on osteosarcoma by activating PPAR-γ and inhibiting Nrf2 pathway. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/oridonin-exerts-anticancer-effect-osteosarcoma-activating-ppar-and-inhibiting- PMID:  Cell Death Dis. 2018 01 11 ;9(1):15. Epub 2018 Jan 11. PMID: 29323103 Abstract Title:  Oridonin exerts anticancer effect on osteosarcoma by activating PPAR-γ and inhibiting Nrf2 pathway. Abstract:  Osteosarcoma is the most common high-grade human primary malignant bone sarcoma with lower survival in the past decades. Oridonin, a bioactive diterpenoid isolated from Rabdosia rubescens, has been proved to possess potent anti-cancer effects. However, its potential mechanism still remains not fully clear nowadays. In this study, we investigated the anticancer effect of oridonin on human osteosarcoma and illuminated the underlying mechanisms. In vitro, oridonin inhibited the cell viability of various osteosarcoma cells. We demonstrated that oridonin induced mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis by increasing Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), triggering reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and activating caspase-3 and caspase-9 cleavage in MG-63 and HOS cells. Moreover, we found that oridonin triggered ROS by inhibiting NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway and induced mitochondrial apoptosis via inhibiting nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation by activating Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ (PPAR-γ) in MG-63 and HOS cells. We further confirmed the results by PPAR-γ inhibitor GW9662, PPAR-γ siRNA as well as overexpression of PPAR-γ and Nrf2 in vitro. Furthermore, our in vivo study showed that oridonin inhibited tumor growth with high safety via inducing apoptosis through activating PPAR-γ and inhibiting Nrf2 activation in xenograft model inoculated HOS tumor. Taken together, oridonin exerted a dramatic pro-apoptotic effect by activating PPAR-γ and inhibiting Nrf2 pathway in vitro and in vivo.Therefore, oridonin may be a promising and effective agent for human osteosarcoma in the future clinical applications. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/oridonin-exerts-anticancer-effect-osteosarcoma-activating-ppar-and-inhibiting-" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/oridonin-exerts-anticancer-effect-osteosarcoma-activating-ppar-and-inhibiting-#comments Oridonin Osteosarcoma Apoptotic Bax/Bcl2 ratio: Increase Bcl-2 protein down-regulation NF-kappaB Inhibitor In Vitro Study Mon, 31 Aug 2020 18:10:11 +0000 greenmedinfo 226100 at https://greenmedinfo.com Oridonin prevents epithelial-mesenchymal transition and TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition by inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad2/3 in osteosarcoma. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/oridonin-prevents-epithelial-mesenchymal-transition-and-tgf-1-induced-epitheli PMID:  Chem Biol Interact. 2018 Dec 25 ;296:57-64. Epub 2018 Sep 19. PMID: 30243739 Abstract Title:  Oridonin prevents epithelial-mesenchymal transition and TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition by inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad2/3 in osteosarcoma. Abstract:  Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone tumor with highly invasive characteristic and low long-term survival. Recently, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is reported as a key event in cancer invasion and metastasis. Oridonin, a bioactive diterpenoid, has been proved to possess anti-cancer effects. However, the effect of oridonin on EMT and metastasis of osteosarcoma is unclear. In this study, we investigated the underlying mechanism of oridonin on EMT and metastasis of osteosarcoma. We found that oridonin inhibited migration and invasion of MG-63 and 143B cells. Moreover, oridonin increased the protein expression of E-cadherin and decreased that of N-cadherin and Vimentin. Oridonin upregulated the transcription of E-cadherin and downregulated N-cadherin and Vimentin. Oridonin inhibited the protein and mRNA levels of Snail and Slug. Furthermore, oridonin inhibited TGF-β-induced phosphorylation of Smad 2/3, prevented Smad dimer translocation into the nucleus. Finally, we established metastatic models of osteosarcoma 143B cells, and found that oridonin inhibited lung metastasis in vivo. Oridonin increased the protein expression of E-cadherin and reduced N-cadherinand Vimentin. Oridonin inhibited the protein expression of Snail and Slug as well as Smad 2/3 activation. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that oridonin inhibited EMT and TGF-β1-induced EMT by inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway in osteosarcoma. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/oridonin-prevents-epithelial-mesenchymal-transition-and-tgf-1-induced-epitheli" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/oridonin-prevents-epithelial-mesenchymal-transition-and-tgf-1-induced-epitheli#comments Oridonin Osteosarcoma Anti-metastatic Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) inhibitor In Vitro Study Sun, 30 Aug 2020 15:41:04 +0000 greenmedinfo 226040 at https://greenmedinfo.com Oridonin synergizes with Nutlin-3 in osteosarcoma cells by modulating the levels of multiple Bcl-2 family proteins. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/oridonin-synergizes-nutlin-3-osteosarcoma-cells-modulating-levels-multiple-bcl PMID:  Tumour Biol. 2017 Jun ;39(6):1010428317701638. PMID: 28618955 Abstract Title:  Oridonin synergizes with Nutlin-3 in osteosarcoma cells by modulating the levels of multiple Bcl-2 family proteins. Abstract:  The small-molecule inhibitors of p53-murine double minute 2 interaction, such as Nutlin-3, are effective against cancers bearing wild-type p53. However, murine double minute 2 inhibitors often are unable to completely eliminate solid tumor cells. To address this issue, we investigated the anticancer effects of Nutlin-3 in combination with Oridonin in osteosarcoma cells. We found that Oridonin at sub-toxic concentrations synergistically enhanced Nutlin-3-mediated cell viability inhibition in wild-type p53 U2OS and SJSA-1, but not in p53-mutant MNNG/HOS and in null-p53 Saos-2 osteosarcoma cell lines. Importantly, in the presence of Oridonin, Nutlin-3 could completely abolish cell viability in the wild-type p53 osteosarcoma cell lines. Western blotting analysis showed that Oridonin treatment rapidly and distinctly increased the levels of all three forms of Bim and also markedly reduced the levels of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl in osteosarcoma cells. Western blotting analysis further showed that Oridonin considerably enhanced Nutlin-3-triggered activation of caspases-9 and -3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. Flow cytometry assay showed that Oridonin significantly enhanced Nutlin-3-mediated apoptosis in wild-type p53 osteosarcoma cells. Overall, our results suggest that the combined treatment of Nutlin-3 plus Oridonin may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for osteosarcoma. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/oridonin-synergizes-nutlin-3-osteosarcoma-cells-modulating-levels-multiple-bcl" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/oridonin-synergizes-nutlin-3-osteosarcoma-cells-modulating-levels-multiple-bcl#comments Oridonin Osteosarcoma Apoptotic Bcl-2 protein down-regulation Cell cycle arrest Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 Upregulation In Vitro Study Tue, 01 Sep 2020 17:42:23 +0000 greenmedinfo 226150 at https://greenmedinfo.com "Antitumor and anti-angiogenesis effects of thymoquinone on osteosarcoma through the NF-κB pathway." https://greenmedinfo.com/article/antitumor-and-anti-angiogenesis-effects-thymoquinone-osteosarcoma-through-nf-b PMID:  Oncol Rep. 2013 Feb ;29(2):571-8. Epub 2012 Dec 4. PMID: 23232982 Abstract Title:  Antitumor and anti-angiogenesis effects of thymoquinone on osteosarcoma through the NF-κB pathway. Abstract:  Thymoquinone (TQ), the predominant bioactive constituent derived from the medicinal spice Nigella sativa (also known as black cumin), has been applied for medical purposes for more than 2,000 years. Recent studies reported that thymoquinone exhibited inhibitory effects on the cell proliferation of several cancer cell lines. This study was performed to investigate the antitumor and anti-angiogenic effects of thymoquinone on osteosarcoma in vitro and in vivo. Our results showed that thymoquinone induced a higher percentage of growth inhibition and apoptosis in the human osteosarcoma cell line SaOS-2 compared to that of control, and thymoquinone significantly blocked human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) tube formation in a dose-dependent manner. To investigate the possible mechanisms involved in these events, we performed electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and western blot analysis, and found that thymoquinone significantly downregulated NF-κB DNA-binding activity,XIAP, survivin and VEGF in SaOS-2 cells. Moreover, the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and Smac were upregulated in SaOS-2 cells after treatment with thymoquinone. In addition to these in vitro results, we also found that thymoquinone inhibits tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth through suppressingNF-κB and its regulated molecules. Collectively, our results demonstrate that thymoquinone effectively inhibits tumor growth and angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, inhibition of NF-κB and downstream effector molecules is a possible underlying mechanism of the antitumor and anti-angiogenic activity of thymoquinone in osteosarcoma. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/antitumor-and-anti-angiogenesis-effects-thymoquinone-osteosarcoma-through-nf-b#comments Osteosarcoma Thymoquinone Anti-Angiogenic NF-kappaB Inhibitor In Vitro Study Wed, 19 Dec 2012 19:27:19 +0000 greenmedinfo 87212 at https://greenmedinfo.com "Genistein inhibits cell invasion and motility by inducing cell differentiation in murine osteosarcoma cell line LM8." https://greenmedinfo.com/article/genistein-inhibits-cell-invasion-and-motility-inducing-cell-differentiation-mu PMID:  BMC Cell Biol. 2012 ;13(1):24. Epub 2012 Sep 26. PMID: 23013480 Abstract Title:  Genistein inhibits cell invasion and motility by inducing cell differentiation in murine osteosarcoma cell line LM8. Abstract:  UNLABELLED: ABSTRACT:BACKGROUND: One of the problems associated with osteosarcoma is the frequent formation of micrometastases in the lung prior to diagnosis because the development of metastatic lesions often causes a fatal outcome. Therefore, the prevention of pulmonary metastases during the early stage of tumor development is critical for the improvement of the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients. In Japan, soy is consumed in a wide variety of forms, such as miso soup and soy sauce. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of genistein, an isoflavone found in soy, on the invasive and motile potential of osteosarcoma cells.METHODS: LM8 cells were treated for 3 days with various concentrations of genistein. The effect of genistein on cell proliferation was determined by DNA measurement in the cultures and 5-bromo-2&#039;-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation study. The assays of cell invasion and motility were performed using the cell culture inserts with either matrigel-coated membranes or uncoated membranes in the invasion chambers. The expression and secretion of MMP-2 were determined by immunohistochemistry and gelatin zymography. The subcellular localization and cellular level ofβ-catenin were determined by immunofluorescence and Western blot. For examining cell morphology, the ethanol-fixed cells were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&amp;E). The expression of osteocalcin mRNA was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).RESULTS: Genistein dose-dependently inhibits cell proliferation. Genistein-treated cells were less invasive and less motile than untreated cells. The expression and secretion of MMP-2 were lower in the genistein-treated cultures than in the untreated cultures.β-Catenin in untreated cells was located in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus, while in genistein-treated cells it was translocated near to the plasma membrane. The level of β-catenin was higher in genistein-treated cells than in untreated cells. Treatment of LM8 cells with genistein induced morphological changes, markedly decreased the formation of multilayer masses of cells, and markedly increased the expression of osteocalcin mRNA.CONCLUSIONS: Genistein decreased invasive and motile potential by inducing cell differentiation in LM8 cells. Genistein may be useful as an anti-metastatic drug for osteosarcoma through its differentiation-inducing effects. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/genistein-inhibits-cell-invasion-and-motility-inducing-cell-differentiation-mu#comments Genistein Osteosarcoma Cell Differentiation Inducer In Vitro Study Wed, 19 Dec 2012 14:28:24 +0000 greenmedinfo 87118 at https://greenmedinfo.com 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis of human osteosarcoma cells. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/78-dihydroxyflavone-suppresses-proliferation-and-induces-apoptosis-human-osteo PMID:  Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 2021 Jul 5 ;53(7):903-911. PMID: 34019097 Abstract Title:  7,8-Dihydroxyflavone suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis of human osteosarcoma cells. Abstract:  Recent studies suggest that 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) inhibits the development of several tumors. However, its role in osteosarcoma (OS) remains unknown. This study was designed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of 7,8-DHF that may influence OS development. Human OS cell lines (U2OS and 143B) were treated with 7,8-DHF; cell viability and cell migration were assessed by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and wound-healing assay, respectively; and cell death and apoptosis were evaluated by LIVE/DEAD staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, respectively. Reactive oxygen species production was measured using 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate probe. Akt, Bcl-xL/Bcl-2 asociated death promoter (Bad), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) expression and their respective phosphorylation levels were detected by western blot analysis. We found that 7,8-DHF reduced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner and also promoted apoptosis, inhibited migration, and induced oxidative stress in OS cells. Moreover, 7,8-DHF inhibited Akt, Bad, and p38MAPK, but activated ERK and JNK signals. In summary, our results suggest that 7,8-DHF inhibits OS progression, possibly by regulating Akt/Bad and MAPK signaling. These findings provide new evidence for the pharmacological effects of 7,8-DHF that may improve drug therapy for OS patients. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/78-dihydroxyflavone-suppresses-proliferation-and-induces-apoptosis-human-osteo" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/78-dihydroxyflavone-suppresses-proliferation-and-induces-apoptosis-human-osteo#comments Osteosarcoma Antiproliferative Apoptotic In Vitro Study Mon, 11 Oct 2021 19:42:06 +0000 greenmedinfo 247141 at https://greenmedinfo.com A carotenoid extract from a cultivar of pumpkin triggers nonprotective autophagy in malignant cells. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/carotenoid-extract-cultivar-pumpkin-triggers-nonprotective-autophagy-malignant PMID:  Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017 ;2017:7468538. Epub 2017 Dec 21. PMID: 29430284 Abstract Title:  A Carotenoid Extract from a Southern Italian Cultivar of Pumpkin Triggers Nonprotective Autophagy in Malignant Cells. Abstract:  Carotenoids, including-carotene, lycopene, and derivatives, such as retinoic acid, have been studied for their significant antiproliferative and differentiating activity on cancer cells in experimental models and in clinics. We are presenting here data on the mechanism of action of a carotenoid-enriched extract obtained from the pumpkin, variety&quot;long of Naples,&quot;on two malignant human cell lines, Caco-2 and SAOs, derived from a colon adenocarcinoma and an osteosarcoma, respectively. The carotenoid extract has been obtained from pumpkin pulp and seeds by supercritical COextraction and employed to prepare oil-in-water nanoemulsions. The nanoemulsions, applied at a final carotenoid concentration of 200-400 g/ml, were not cytotoxic, but induced a delay in cell growth of about 40% in both SAOs and Caco-2 cell lines. This effect was associated with the activation of a&quot;nonprotective&quot;form of autophagy and, in SAOs cells, to the induction of cell differentiation via a mechanism that involved AMPK activation. Our data suggest the presence of a pool of bioactive compounds in the carotenoid-enriched extract, acting additively, or synergistically, to delay cell growth in cancer cells. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/carotenoid-extract-cultivar-pumpkin-triggers-nonprotective-autophagy-malignant" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/carotenoid-extract-cultivar-pumpkin-triggers-nonprotective-autophagy-malignant#comments Colon Cancer Osteosarcoma Pumpkin Seeds Antiproliferative Autophagy Up-regulation In Vitro Study Sat, 17 Feb 2018 07:56:27 +0000 greenmedinfo 160083 at https://greenmedinfo.com A crude extract of Rheum palmatum has anticancer effects in vitro against Osteosarcoma cells. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/crude-extract-rheum-palmatum-has-anticancer-effects-vitro-against-osteosarcoma PMID:  Environ Toxicol. 2015 Feb 17. Epub 2015 Feb 17. PMID: 25689151 Abstract Title:  Crude extract of Rheum palmatum L. Induces cell cycle arrest S phase and apoptosis through mitochondrial-dependent pathways in U-2 OS human osteosarcoma cells. Abstract:  Cancer is the second cause of death in children. Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignancy of solid bone cancer primarily affecting adolescents and young adults. In the Chinese population, the crude extract of Rheum palmatum L. (CERP) has been used for treating different diseases, including SARS, rheumatoid arthritis, coxsackievirus B3, and human colon cancer cell, pancreatic cancer. There are no reports on CERP and human osteosarcoma cells. The present study examined effects of CERP on cytotoxicity including cell cycle distribution and cell death (apoptosis) in U-2 OS human osteosarcoma cells. CERP significantly induced S phase arrest in U-2 OS cells in a dose-dependent. CERP produced DNA damage and DNA condensation. Other effects of CERP were stimulation of ROS and Ca(2+) , mitochondria impairment, and activation of caspase-3, -8, and -9. CERP increased the levels of Bax, Bak, Bad, cyclin B, Fas, PARP, GRP78, GADD153, AIF, Endo G, Calpain-2, p21, and p27, but decreased the levels of Bcl-2, BCL-X, XIAP, Akt, CDC25A, CDK2, Cyclin A, and Cyclin E of U-2 OS cells. It was also observed that CERP promoted the expression of AIF, Endo G, GADD153, and cytochrome c. These results indicate that CERP has anticancer effects in vitro and provide the foundation for in vivo studies of animal models of osteosarcoma.© 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2014. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/crude-extract-rheum-palmatum-has-anticancer-effects-vitro-against-osteosarcoma#comments Osteosarcoma Rhubarb Antiproliferative Apoptotic Bcl-2 protein down-regulation Cell cycle arrest P21 Activation In Vitro Study Fri, 25 Mar 2016 05:52:39 +0000 greenmedinfo 125302 at https://greenmedinfo.com A garlic derivative has significant anti-proliferative activity against osteosarcoma cells. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/garlic-derivative-has-significant-anti-proliferative-activity-against-osteosar PMID:  Anticancer Drugs. 2009 Sep;20(8):702-12. PMID: 19550292 Abstract Title:  A proteomic study on a human osteosarcoma cell line Saos-2 treated with diallyl trisulfide. Abstract:  Garlic is generally used as a therapeutic reagent against various diseases, and numerous studies have indicated that garlic and its derivatives can reduce the risk of various types of human cancer. Diallyl trisulfide (DATS), a major member of garlic derivatives, could inhibit the cell proliferation by triggering either cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in a variety of cancer cell lines as shown in many studies. However, whether DATS has the same effect on human osteosarcoma cells remains unknown. In this study, we have attempted to analyze the effects of DATS on cell proliferation, cell cycle, induction of apoptosis, global protein expression pattern in a human osteosarcoma cell line Saos-2 cells, and the potential molecular mechanisms of the action of DATS. Saos-2 cells, a human osteosarcoma cell line, were treated with or without 25, 50, and 100 micromol/l DATS for various time intervals. The cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis were examined in this study. Then, after treatment with or without 50 micromol/l DATS for 48 h, protein add pattern in Saos-2 cells were systematically studied using two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. DATS could inhibit the proliferation of Saos-2 cells in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. Moreover, the percentage of apoptotic cell and cell arrest in G0/G1 phase was also dose-dependent and time-dependent upon DATS treatment. A total of 27 unique proteins in Saos-2 cells, including 18 downregulated proteins and nine upregulated proteins, were detected with significant changes in their expression levels corresponding to DATS administration. Interestingly, almost half of these proteins (13 of 27) are related to either the cell cycle or apoptosis. DATS has the ability to suppress cell proliferation of Saos-2 cells by blocking cell cycle progression and inducing apoptosis in a dose and time-dependent manner. The proteomic results presented, therefore, provide additional support to the hypothesis that DATS is a strong inducer of apoptosis in tumor cells. However, the exact molecular mechanisms, how these proteins significantly changed in the Saos-2 cell line upon DATS treatment, should be further studied. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/garlic-derivative-has-significant-anti-proliferative-activity-against-osteosar#comments Garlic Osteosarcoma Antiproliferative Apoptotic Cell cycle arrest In Vitro Study Thu, 20 Jan 2011 21:35:14 +0000 greenmedinfo 60257 at https://greenmedinfo.com A homogeneous polysaccharide from Huaier inhibited the proliferation of human osteosarcoma cancer cells by promoting apoptosis. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/homogeneous-polysaccharide-huaier-inhibited-proliferation-human-osteosarcoma-c PMID:  Tumour Biol. 2015 Jul ;36(7):5255-63. Epub 2015 Feb 11. PMID: 25666751 Abstract Title:  A polysaccharide from Trametes robiniophila Murrill induces apoptosis through intrinsic mitochondrial pathway in human osteosarcoma (U-2 OS) cells. Abstract:  In this study, we isolated and purified one homogeneous polysaccharide (TRP) from the fruiting bodies of Trametes robiniophila Murrill, and its average molecular weight was estimated to be 8.7× 10(4) Da. Monosaccharide composition analysis by gas chromatography (GC) indicated that TRP was composed of glucose, galactose, and arabinose in the molar ratio of 4.2:1.10:1.06. Particularly, we evaluated the anti-cancer efficacy of TRP on human osteosarcoma U-2 OS cells in vitro and associatedpossible molecular mechanism. Our result provided the first evidence that treatment of U-2 OS cells with TRP resulted in a dose- and time-dependent inhibitory effect on cell proliferation of U-2 OS cells and caused apoptotic death. Moreover, TRP induced the apoptosis of U-2 OS cells via a mitochondria-dependent pathway, as evidenced by an increase in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria to the cytosol, activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, and cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in U-2 OS cells. In addition, overexpression of metadherin (MTDH), one carcinogene, was inhibited in U-2 OS cells after exposure to TRP for 24 h. Our findings suggested that TRP inhibited the proliferation of human osteosarcoma cancer cells by promoting apoptosis through the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway, as well as inhibition of MTDH expression. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/homogeneous-polysaccharide-huaier-inhibited-proliferation-human-osteosarcoma-c#comments Huaier (Trametes robiniophila murr) Osteosarcoma Antiproliferative Apoptotic Bax/Bcl2 ratio: Increase Bcl-2 protein down-regulation Dose Response In Vitro Study Fri, 06 May 2016 18:50:27 +0000 greenmedinfo 127030 at https://greenmedinfo.com A polysaccharide from Trametes robiniophila inhibits human osteosarcoma xenograft tumor growth in vivo. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/polysaccharide-trametes-robiniophila-inhibits-human-osteosarcoma-xenograft-tum PMID:  Carbohydr Polym. 2015 Jun 25 ;124:157-63. Epub 2015 Feb 20. PMID: 25839806 Abstract Title:  A polysaccharide from Trametes robiniophila inhibits human osteosarcoma xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Abstract:  In the present study, we isolated and purified one polysaccharide (TRP) from Trametes robiniophila, which had a backbone of 1,3,6- and 1,4-linked glucpyranosyl moieties, with 1-linked arabinofuranosyl and galactopyranosyl terminal at the O-3 position of 1,3,6-linked glucpyranosyl residues. TRP was further evaluated for its antitumor activity against xenografted U-2 OS osteosarcoma in BALB/c nude mice together with the possible mechanism of action. We found that oral administration of TRP significantly suppressed U-2 OS tumor growth in mice via the induction of apoptosis, as evidenced by the increased number of TUNEL-positive cells in tumor tissues. Moreover, TRP administration increased the levels of the proapoptotic Bax protein and decreased the level of the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein, thus resulting in a rise of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Furthermore, the protein expression of caspase-9, caspase-3 and cleaved PARP became evident in tumor tissues from mice following TRP treatment, but caspase-8 keep unchanged. Besides, overexpression of metadherin (MTDH) was attenuated in tumor tissues of TRP-fed mice. Taken together, these findings suggest that the TRP-induced apoptosis of tumor tissues is through a mitochondria-mediated intrinsic apoptotic pathway. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/polysaccharide-trametes-robiniophila-inhibits-human-osteosarcoma-xenograft-tum" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/polysaccharide-trametes-robiniophila-inhibits-human-osteosarcoma-xenograft-tum#comments Huaier (Trametes robiniophila murr) Osteosarcoma Antineoplastic Agents Antiproliferative Apoptotic Polysaccharides Animal Study Mon, 16 Apr 2018 19:37:56 +0000 greenmedinfo 162677 at https://greenmedinfo.com Acacetin induces apoptosis in human osteosarcoma cells. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/acacetin-induces-apoptosis-human-osteosarcoma-cells PMID:  Drug Des Devel Ther. 2020 ;14:5077-5085. Epub 2020 Nov 18. PMID: 33239866 Abstract Title:  Acacetin Induces Apoptosis in Human Osteosarcoma Cells by Modulation of ROS/JNK Activation. Abstract:  PURPOSE: The long-term survival rate of osteosarcoma, which is the most common type of primary malignant bone tumor, has stagnated in past decades. Acacetin is a natural flavonoid compound that has antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects and exhibits extensive therapeutic effects on various cancers. In this study, the anticancer potential of acacetin and the underlying molecular mechanisms were examined in human osteosarcoma cells (SJSA and HOS).MATERIALS AND METHODS: HOS and SJSA cell lines were exposed to different concentrations of acacetin. Cell proliferation and viability were assessed by CCK-8 and colony-formation assays. Hoechst 33258 fluorescent staining was employed to detect apoptosis. Cell apoptosis was measured by an annexin V-FITC/PI assay by flow cytometry. The alteration in the mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by a JC-1 Assay Kit. Apoptosis-related protein expression was determined by Western blotting. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was detected by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Subsequently, the activation of the ROS/JNK signaling pathway was investigated.RESULTS: Acacetin could inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in SJSA and HOS cells. The acacetin treatment resulted in the activation of caspase-3, -8, and -9 and cleaved PARP. Further studies showed that acacetin-induced apoptosis was attributed to ROS. In addition, we found that acacetin induced the activation of the downstream c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway. Subsequently, after treatment with the ROS scavenger GSH and the JNK inhibitor SP600125, the apoptosis-inducing effect triggered by acacetin was significantly attenuated.CONCLUSION: The results of the present study indicate that acacetin may induce apoptosis to inhibit cell growth by activating the ROS/JNK signaling pathway in SJSA and HOS cells, suggesting that acacetin may be a promising candidate for the management of osteosarcomas. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/acacetin-induces-apoptosis-human-osteosarcoma-cells" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/acacetin-induces-apoptosis-human-osteosarcoma-cells#comments Flavonoids Osteosarcoma Antineoplastic Agents Antiproliferative Apoptotic In Vitro Study Sun, 11 Jun 2023 18:12:36 +0000 greenmedinfo 274457 at https://greenmedinfo.com Activation of the antitumor immune system by onionin A1 might be an effective adjuvant therapy for patients with malignant tumors. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/activation-antitumor-immune-system-onionin-a1-might-be-effective-adjuvant-ther PMID:  Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 2017 ;65(3):209-217. PMID: 28250342 Abstract Title:  Antitumor Allium Sulfides. Abstract:  We examined the sulfides in onion (Allium cepa L.), Welsh onion (A. fistulosum L.), and garlic (A. sativum L.), and obtained three new thiolane-type sulfides (onionins A-A) from onion; two new thiabicyclic-type sulfides (welsonins A, A), together with onionins A-A, from Welsh onion; and six new acyclic-type sulfides (garlicnins L-1-L-4, E, and F), ten new thiolane-type sulfides (garlicnins A, B-B, C-C, K, and K), and three new atypical cyclic-type sulfides (garlicnins G, I, and J) from garlic. Acetone extracts showed the potential of these sulfides in inhibiting the polarization of M2 activated macrophages that are capable of suppressing tumor-cell proliferation. The effect of the thiolane-type sulfide of a major component, onionin A, on tumor progression and metastasis in both osteosarcoma and ovarian cancer-bearing mouse models was then examined. Tumor proliferation was depressed, and tumor metastasis was controlled by regulating macrophage activation. These results showed that onionin Ais an effective agent for controlling tumors in both in vitro and in vivo models, and that the antitumor effects observed in vivo are likely caused by reversing the antitumor immune system. Activation of the antitumor immune system by onionin Amight be an effective adjuvant therapy for patients with osteosarcoma, ovarian cancer and other malignant tumors. Based on these findings, pharmacological investigations will be conducted in the future to develop natural and healthy foods and anti-cancer agents that can prevent or combat disease. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/activation-antitumor-immune-system-onionin-a1-might-be-effective-adjuvant-ther" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/activation-antitumor-immune-system-onionin-a1-might-be-effective-adjuvant-ther#comments Cancers: All Onion Osteosarcoma Ovarian Cancer Anti-metastatic Antiproliferative Review Thu, 12 Apr 2018 01:03:31 +0000 greenmedinfo 162501 at https://greenmedinfo.com After 12 years from the start of the trial, the patients in the Viscum arm continue to show a considerably longer PRDFS compared to oral etoposide. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/after-12-years-start-trial-patients-viscum-arm-continue-show-considerably-long PMID:  Sarcoma. 2020 ;2020:8260730. Epub 2020 Apr 26. PMID: 32398946 Abstract Title:  Long-Term Follow-up of a Randomized Study of Oral Etoposide versusFermentatum Pini as Maintenance Therapy in Osteosarcoma Patients in Complete Surgical Remission after Second Relapse. Abstract:  Background: In relapsed osteosarcoma, the 5-yr postrelapse disease-free survival (PRDFS) rate after the second relapse is<p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/after-12-years-start-trial-patients-viscum-arm-continue-show-considerably-long" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/after-12-years-start-trial-patients-viscum-arm-continue-show-considerably-long#comments Mistletoe Osteosarcoma Chemotherapeutic Superiority of Natural Substances versus Drugs Human Study Thu, 11 Jun 2020 16:08:05 +0000 greenmedinfo 221760 at https://greenmedinfo.com Alantolactone suppresses human osteosarcoma through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/alantolactone-suppresses-human-osteosarcoma-through-pi3kakt-signaling-pathway PMID:  Mol Med Rep. 2020 02 ;21(2):675-684. Epub 2019 Dec 13. PMID: 31974628 Abstract Title:  Alantolactone suppresses human osteosarcoma through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Abstract:  Osteosarcoma is the most common type of malignant bone cancer and results in cancer‑related deaths among adolescents. Alantolactone (ALT) demonstrates antitumor properties in various diseases; however, its potential role in osteosarcoma is relatively unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of ALT on osteosarcoma. ALT significantly decreased the viabilityof U2OS and HOS osteosarcoma cell lines. Cells flow cytometry assay and Hoechst 33258 staining assay revealed that ALT significantly increased the proportion of apoptotic U2OS cells. In addition, wound healing and Transwell invasion assays demonstrated that the invasion and migration of osteosarcoma were markedly reduced upon ALT treatment. It was hypothesized that the antitumor functions of ALT are mediated through inhibition of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. In conclusion, the results of the present study confirmed the inhibition of ALT on osteosarcoma cells via downregulation of PI3K/AKTsignaling pathways, suggesting ALT as a potential therapeutic candidate for osteosarcoma. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/alantolactone-suppresses-human-osteosarcoma-through-pi3kakt-signaling-pathway" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/alantolactone-suppresses-human-osteosarcoma-through-pi3kakt-signaling-pathway#comments Elecampane Osteosarcoma Antiproliferative Apoptotic In Vitro Study Fri, 01 Oct 2021 20:47:28 +0000 greenmedinfo 246601 at https://greenmedinfo.com