Developmental Disorder: Children https://greenmedinfo.com/taxonomy/term/42434/all en 42,000% Increase in Autism: Colorado's Invisible Epidemic https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/42000-increase-autism-colorados-invisible-epidemic <div class="copyright">This article is copyrighted by GreenMedInfo LLC, 2018<br/><strong><a href="/greenmedinfocom-re-post-guidelines">Visit our Re-post guidelines</a></strong></div><p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif;"><img alt="" src="//cdn.greenmedinfo.com/sites/default/files/ckeditor/blank.justin/images/42000IncreaseinAutism(1).jpg" style="width: 600px; height: 315px;" /><br /> <span style="font-size:12px;"><strong>This article was originally published on <a href="https://ccfvc.org/42000-increase-in-autism-colorados-invisible-epidemic/" rel="dofollow" target="_blank">ccfvc.org</a></strong></span></span></span></p><p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/42000-increase-autism-colorados-invisible-epidemic" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/42000-increase-autism-colorados-invisible-epidemic#comments ADHD Autism Autism Spectrum Disorders Developmental Disorder: Children Seizure Disorder Vaccine-induced Toxicity Chemical and Drug Toxicity Health Guide: Mental Health Vaccine Adjuvants Vaccine Effects autism spectrum disorders corruption vaccine injury Sat, 23 Dec 2017 23:49:53 +0000 GMI reporter 157725 at https://greenmedinfo.com A review of the developmental toxicity of e-cigarette aerosols. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/review-developmental-toxicity-e-cigarette-aerosols PMID:  Birth Defects Res. 2019 Aug 9. Epub 2019 Aug 9. PMID: 31400084 Abstract Title:  Developmental toxicity of e-cigarette aerosols. Abstract:  Maternal smoking during pregnancy represents a major public health concern increasing the risk for low birth weight, congenital anomalies, preterm birth, fetal mortality, and morbidity. In an effort to diminish adverse developmental effects of exposure to cigarette smoking, pregnant women, and women of reproductive age, are increasingly turning to electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), such as e-cigarettes, as an alternative. Given that health risks associated with ENDS use during pregnancy are largely unknown, there is an acute need to determine risks vs. benefits of e-cigarette use by pregnant women. While the most recent Surgeon General&#039;s Report on the&quot;Health Consequences of Smoking&quot;states that&quot;the evidence is sufficient to infer that nicotine adversely affects maternal and fetal health during pregnancy, contributing to multiple adverse outcomes,&quot;it remains unclear whether use of ENDS represents a&quot;safer alternative&quot;to tobacco smoking during pregnancy. This is due, in part, to the lack of sufficient and conclusive evidence concerning whether or not maternal e-cigarette use adversely affects embryonic/fetal development. While several recent developmental studies have challenged the safety of nicotine inhalation via ENDS, the true risks of smoking e-cigarettes during the first trimester of pregnancy-the period of organogenesis-are largely unknown. Moreover, evidence is emerging that even nicotine-free e-cigarette aerosols may harm the developing conceptus, suggesting that components of e-cigarette liquid, including flavorings, may be developmentally toxicity. Focused human epidemiological analyses, and carefully designed animal studies are critically needed to address the question of the safety of ENDS use during pregnancy. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/review-developmental-toxicity-e-cigarette-aerosols" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/review-developmental-toxicity-e-cigarette-aerosols#comments Developmental Disorder: Children Prenatal Chemical Exposures Electronic Cigarettes Review Fri, 30 Aug 2019 01:11:34 +0000 greenmedinfo 195212 at https://greenmedinfo.com Adderall and methylphenidate temporarily decrease growth rate in childen. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/adderall-and-methylphenidate-temporarily-decrease-growth-rate-childen PMID:  J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2006 May;45(5):520-6. PMID: 16670648 Abstract Title:  Comparative effects of methylphenidate and mixed salts amphetamine on height and weight in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Abstract:  OBJECTIVE: To determine whether methylphenidate (MPH) and mixed salts amphetamine (MSA) have different effects on growth in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. METHOD: Patients treated for at least 1 year with MPH or MSA were identified. A linear regression was performed to determine the effect of stimulant type, patient gender, cumulative stimulant dose, and length of time in treatment on change in Z scores for height. A subset of patients was identified who had 3 years of consistent stimulant treatment on either MSA or MPH. Repeated-measures analyses of variance were performed to examine the effects of time and medication type on Z scores for weight, height, and body mass index. RESULTS: The linear regression showed no effect of stimulant type, drug holidays, or length of time of treatment on change in height Z score. Cumulative dose of stimulant had a small (-0.26) relationship to change in height Z scores. For patients treated for 3 years, there were no effects of stimulant or time on height Z scores. MSA produced more decrease in weight and body mass index Z scores than MPH; all of the subjects were heavier than average at baseline. CONCLUSION: MSA and MPH did not differ in their effects on height. MSA had more of an effect on weight than MPH, although the effect was modest in magnitude and may be of limited clinical significance. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/adderall-and-methylphenidate-temporarily-decrease-growth-rate-childen#comments Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity Developmental Disorder: Children Adderall Methylphenidate Human Study Sat, 20 Nov 2010 00:45:31 +0000 greenmedinfo 58805 at https://greenmedinfo.com Astaxanthin can partially reverse oxidative stress and reduce the neurodevelopmental toxicity. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/astaxanthin-can-partially-reverse-oxidative-stress-and-reduce-neurodevelopment PMID:  Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2024 Jan 13 ;271:115960. Epub 2024 Jan 13. PMID: 38219622 Abstract Title:  Astaxanthin activates the Nrf2/Keap1/HO-1 pathway to inhibit oxidative stress and ferroptosis, reducing triphenyl phosphate (TPhP)-induced neurodevelopmental toxicity. Abstract:  Triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) serves as a major organophosphorus flame retardant, and its induced neurodevelopmental toxicity has attracted widespread attention, but the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we involved zebrafish to explore the new mechanism of TPhP inducing oxidative stress and ferroptosis to promote neurodevelopmental toxicity. The results suggested that TPhP affected the embryonic development, reduced the number of new neurons, and led to abnormal neural behavior in zebrafish larvae. TPhP also induced ROS accumulation, activated the antioxidant defense signal Nrf2 and Keap1, and significantly changed the activities of Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), Adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) and glutathione S-transferase (GST). In addition, TPhP induced ferroptosis in zebrafish, which was reflected in the increase of Fecontent, the abnormal expression of GPX4 protein and genes related to iron metabolism (gpx4a, slc7a11, acsl4b, tfa, slc40a1, fth1b, tfr2, tfr1a, tfr1b and ncoa4). Astaxanthin intervention specifically inhibited ROS levels, and reversed SLC7A11 and GPX4 expression levels and Femetabolism thus alleviating ferroptosis induced by TPhP. Astaxanthin also partially reversed the activity of AChE, GST and the expression of neurodevelopmental-related genes (gap43, gfap, neurog1 and syn2a), so as to partially rescue the embryonic developmental abnormalities and motor behavior disorders induced by TPhP. More interestingly, the expression of mitochondrial apoptosis-related protein BAX, anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2, Caspase3 and Caspase9 was significantly altered in the TPhP exposed group, which could be also reversed by Astaxanthin intervention. In summary, our results suggested that TPhP exposure can induce oxidative stress and ferroptosis, thereby causing neurodevelopment toxicity to zebrafish, while Astaxanthin can partially reverse oxidative stress and reduce the neurodevelopmental toxicity of zebrafish larvae by activating Nrf2/Keap1/HO-1 signaling pathway. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/astaxanthin-can-partially-reverse-oxidative-stress-and-reduce-neurodevelopment" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/astaxanthin-can-partially-reverse-oxidative-stress-and-reduce-neurodevelopment#comments Astaxanthin Developmental Disorder: Children Antioxidants Flame Retardants Heme oxygenase-1 up-regulation Neurotoxic Nrf2 activation Animal Study Mon, 22 Jan 2024 23:37:16 +0000 greenmedinfo 286856 at https://greenmedinfo.com Bill Gates, are Vaccines a “Miracle” Over Disease and a “Fantastic Investment”… https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/bill-gates-are-vaccines-miracle-over-disease-and-fantastic-investment <div class="copyright">This article is copyrighted by GreenMedInfo LLC, 2018<br/><strong><a href="/greenmedinfocom-re-post-guidelines">Visit our Re-post guidelines</a></strong></div><p class="rtecenter"><img alt="" src="//cdn.greenmedinfo.com/sites/default/files/ckeditor/blank.justin/images/BillGatesAreVaccinesaMiracleOverDisease.jpg" style="width: 600px; height: 315px;" title="Bill Gates, are Vaccines a “Miracle” Over Disease and a “Fantastic Investment”…" /><br /> <span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 0px;">Originally published on the </span><strong style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 0px;"><a href="https://worldmercuryproject.org/news/bill-gates-are-vaccines-a-miracle-over-disease-and-a-fantastic-investment/" rel="dofollow" target="_blank">World Mercury Project</a></strong><span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 0px;">.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:18px;"><em><strong>&nbsp;— or a disaster for child health that may break the bank?</strong></em></span></span></p><p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/bill-gates-are-vaccines-miracle-over-disease-and-fantastic-investment" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/bill-gates-are-vaccines-miracle-over-disease-and-fantastic-investment#comments ADHD Asthma Chronic Disease Developmental Disorder: Children Food Allergies Measles Scarlet Fever Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) Vaccine-induced Toxicity Health Guides: Healing Foods Vaccine Adjuvants Vaccine Effects anti-vaccine big pharma corruption in science Mon, 09 Apr 2018 20:45:29 +0000 WorldMercuryProject 158116 at https://greenmedinfo.com BPA exposure might be associated with Pervasive Developmental Disorder-Not Otherwise Specified. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/bpa-exposure-might-be-associated-pervasive-developmental-disorder-not-otherwis PMID:  Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2016 Mar 9 ;43:149-158. Epub 2016 Mar 9. PMID: 26991849 Abstract Title:  Plasma phthalate and bisphenol a levels and oxidant-antioxidant status in autistic children. Abstract:  Phthalates and bisphenol A (BPA) are endocrine disruting chemicals (EDCs) that are suggested to exert neurotoxic effects. This study aimed to determine plasma phthalates and BPA levels along with oxidant/antioxidant status in autistic children [n=51; including 12 children were diagnosed with&quot;Pervasive Developmental Disorder-Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS)]. Plasma levels of BPA, di (2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP) and its main metabolite mono (2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (MEHP); thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and carbonyl groups; erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (GPx1), thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities and glutathione (GSH) and selenium levels were measured. Plasma BPA levels of children with PDD-NOS were significantly higher than both classic autistic children and controls (n=50). Carbonyl, selenium concentrations and GPx1, SOD and GR activities were higher (p https://greenmedinfo.com/article/bpa-exposure-might-be-associated-pervasive-developmental-disorder-not-otherwis#comments Bisphenol Toxicity Developmental Disorder: Children Bisphenol A Human Study Fri, 22 Apr 2016 01:21:58 +0000 greenmedinfo 126345 at https://greenmedinfo.com Chiropractic treatment has therapeutic value in children's developmental delay syndromes. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/chiropractic-treatment-has-therapeutic-value-childrens-developmental-delay-syn PMID:  J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2009 Oct ;32(8):660-9. PMID: 19836603 Abstract Title:  Developmental delay syndromes: psychometric testing before and after chiropractic treatment of 157 children. Abstract:  OBJECTIVE: This study presents a case series of 157 children with developmental delay syndromes, including the conditions such as dyspraxia, dyslexia, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and learning disabilities who received chiropractic care.CLINICAL FEATURES: A consecutive sample of 157 children aged 6 to 13 years (86 boys and 71 girls) with difficulties in reading, learning, social interaction, and school performance who met these inclusion criteria were included.INTERVENTION AND OUTCOMES: Each patient received a multimodal chiropractic treatment protocol, applied kinesiology chiropractic technique. The outcome measures were a series of 8 standardized psychometric tests given to the children by a certified speech therapist pre- and posttreatment, which evaluate 20 separate areas of cognitive function, including patient- or parent-reported improvements in school performance, social interaction, and sporting activities. Individual and group data showed that at the end of treatment, the 157 children showed improvements in the 8 psychometric tests and 20 areas of cognitive function compared with their values before treatment. Their ability to concentrate, maintain focus and attention, and control impulsivity and their performance at home and school improved.CONCLUSIONS: This report suggests that a multimodal chiropractic method that assesses and treats motor dysfunction reduced symptoms and enhanced the cognitive performance in this group of children. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/chiropractic-treatment-has-therapeutic-value-childrens-developmental-delay-syn#comments Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity Childhood Cognitive Disorders Developmental Disorder: Children Chiropractic treatment Human Study Fri, 16 Sep 2011 17:03:56 +0000 greenmedinfo 68573 at https://greenmedinfo.com Higher-than-ever levels of maternal exposure to electromagnetic fields could be linked to offspring speech problems. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/higher-ever-levels-maternal-exposure-electromagnetic-fields-could-be-linked-of PMID:  J Biomed Phys Eng. 2019 Feb ;9(1):61-68. Epub 2019 Feb 1. PMID: 30881935 Abstract Title:  Mother&#039;s Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields before and during Pregnancy is Associated with Risk of Speech Problems in Offspring. Abstract:  Background: Rapid advances in technology, especially in the field of telecommunication, have led to extraordinary levels of mothers&#039; exposures to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMFs) prior to or during pregnancy.Objective: The main goal of this study was to answer this question whether exposure of women to common sources of RF-EMFs either prior to or during pregnancy is related to speech problems in the offspring.Materials and Methods: In this study, mothers of 110 three-to-seven-year-old children with speech problems and 75 healthy children (control group) were interviewed. These mothers were asked whether they had exposure to different sources of EMFs such as mobile phones, mobile base stations, Wi-Fi, cordless phones, laptops and power lines. Chi square test was used to analyze the differences observed between the control and exposed groups.Results: Statistically significant associations were found between the use of cordless phone and offspring speech problems for both before pregnancy and during pregnancy maternal exposures (P=0.005 and P=0.014, respectively). However, due to high rate of mobile phone use in both groups, this study failed to show any link between mobile phone use and speech problems in offspring. Furthermore, significant associations were observed between living in the vicinity of power lines and speech problems again for both before pregnancy and during pregnancy maternal exposures (P=0.003 and P=0.002, respectively). However, exposure to other sources of non-ionizing radiation was not linked to speech problems. Moreover, exposure to ionizing radiation (e.g. radiography before and during pregnancy) was not associated with the occurrence of speech problems.Conclusion: Although this study has some limitations, it leads us to this conclusion that higher-than-ever levels of maternal exposure to electromagnetic fields could be linked to offspring speech problems. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/higher-ever-levels-maternal-exposure-electromagnetic-fields-could-be-linked-of" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/higher-ever-levels-maternal-exposure-electromagnetic-fields-could-be-linked-of#comments Developmental Disorder: Children Electromagnetic Field Harms Mobile Phone Radiation Risk Factors Human Study Tue, 16 Jul 2019 20:24:43 +0000 greenmedinfo 191353 at https://greenmedinfo.com Maternal exposure to drinking water throughout pregnancy fluoridated at the level of 0.7 mg/L was associated with poorer inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/maternal-exposure-drinking-water-throughout-pregnancy-fluoridated-level-07-mgl PMID:  Sci Total Environ. 2023 Sep 15 ;891:164322. Epub 2023 May 25. PMID: 37236475 Abstract Title:  Fluoride exposure during pregnancy from a community water supply is associated with executive function in preschool children: A prospective ecological cohort study. Abstract:  BACKGROUND: On May 19, 2011, Calgary, Canada stopped fluoridating its drinking water. This prospective ecological study examined if maternal exposure to fluoride during pregnancy from drinking water that was fluoridated at the recommended level of 0.7 mg/L was associated with children&#039;s intelligence and executive function at 3-5 years of age.METHODS: Participants were 616 maternal-child pairs enrolled in the Calgary cohort of the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition (APrON) study between 2009 and 2012. Maternal-child pairs were classified as fully exposed to fluoridated drinking water throughout pregnancy (n = 295); exposed to fluoridated drinking water for at least part of the pregnancy plus an additional 90 days (n = 220); or not exposed to fluoridated drinking water during pregnancy plus the 90 days prior to pregnancy (n = 101). Children&#039;s Full Scale IQs were assessed using the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence, Fourth Edition: Canadian (WPPSI-IV). Children&#039;s executive functions were also assessed: working memory (WPPSI-IVWorking Memory Index), inhibitory control (Gift Delay, NEPSY-II Statue subtest), and cognitive flexibility (Boy-Girl Stroop, Dimensional Change Card Sort (DCCS)).RESULTS: No associations were found between exposure group and Full Scale IQ. However, compared to no exposure, full exposure to fluoridated drinking water throughout pregnancy was associated with poorer performance on the Gift Delay (B = 0.53, 95 % CI = 0.31, 0.93). Sex-specific analyses revealed that girls in the fully exposed (AOR = 0.30, 95 % CI = 0.13, 0.74) and partially exposed groups (AOR = 0.42, 95 % CI = 0.17, 1.01) performed more poorly than girls in the not exposed group. Sex effects were also found on the DCCS; girls in the fully exposed (AOR = 0.34, 95 % CI = 0.14, 0.88) and partially exposed groups (AOR = 0.29, 95 % CI = 0.12, 0.73) performed more poorly.CONCLUSION: Maternal exposure to drinking water throughout pregnancy fluoridated at the level of 0.7 mg/L was associated with poorer inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility, particularly in girls, suggesting a possible need to reduce maternal fluoride exposure during pregnancy. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/maternal-exposure-drinking-water-throughout-pregnancy-fluoridated-level-07-mgl" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/maternal-exposure-drinking-water-throughout-pregnancy-fluoridated-level-07-mgl#comments Developmental Disorder: Children Fluoride Toxicity Prenatal Chemical Exposures Neurotoxic Sodium Fluoride Human Study Tue, 13 Feb 2024 21:26:16 +0000 greenmedinfo 288433 at https://greenmedinfo.com Mothers receiving thimerosal via Rho(D) immune globulin injection saw a significantly higher rate of autism in the children exposed to mercury in utero. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/mothers-receiving-thimerosal-rhod-immune-globulin-injection-saw-significantly- PMID:  Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2008 Apr ;29(2):272-80. PMID: 18404135 Abstract Title:  Neurodevelopmental disorders, maternal Rh-negativity, and Rho(D) immune globulins: a multi-center assessment. Abstract:  BACKGROUND: Many formulations of Thimerosal (49.55% mercury by weight)-containing Rho(D) immune globulins (TCRs) were routinely administered to Rh-negative mothers in the US prior to 2002.OBJECTIVES: It was hypothesized: (1) if prenatal Rho(D)-immune globulin preparation exposure was a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders (NDs) then more children with NDs would have Rh-negative mothers compared to controls; and (2) if Thimerosal in the Rho(D)-immune globulin preparations was the ingredient associated with NDs, following the removal of Thimerosal from all manufactured Rho(D)-immune globulin preparations from 2002 in the US the frequency of maternal Rh-negativity among children with NDs should be similar to control populations.METHODS: Maternal Rh-negativity was assessed at two sites (Clinic A-Lynchburg, VA; Clinic B-Rockville and Baltimore, MD) among 298 Caucasian children with NDs and known Rh-status. As controls, maternal Rh-negativity frequency was determined from 124 Caucasian children (born 1987-2001) without NDs at Clinic A, and the Rh-negativity frequency was determined from 1,021 Caucasian pregnant mothers that presented for prenatal genetic care at Clinic B (1980-1989). Additionally, 22 Caucasian patients with NDs born from 2002 onwards (Clinics A and B) were assessed for maternal Rh-negativity.RESULTS: There were significant and comparable increases in maternal Rh-negativity among children with NDs (Clinic: A=24.2%), autism spectrum disorders (Clinic: A=28.3%, B=25.3%), and attention-deficit-disorder/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder (Clinic: A=26.3%) observed at both clinics in comparison to both control groups (Clinic: A=12.1%, B=13.9%) employed. Children with NDs born post-2001 had a maternal Rh-negativity frequency (13.6%) similar to controls.CONCLUSION: This study associates TCR exposure with some NDs in children. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/mothers-receiving-thimerosal-rhod-immune-globulin-injection-saw-significantly-#comments Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity Developmental Disorder: Children Neurodevelopmental Disorders Thimerosal Rh-negative Risk Factors Human Study Wed, 08 Apr 2015 19:03:25 +0000 greenmedinfo 116701 at https://greenmedinfo.com Organochlorine pesticide exposure in utero may affect communication development. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/organochlorine-pesticide-exposure-utero-may-affect-communication-development PMID:  Neurotoxicology. 2018 Oct 5 ;69:121-129. Epub 2018 Oct 5. PMID: 30292654 Abstract Title:  Prenatal exposure to organochlorine pesticides and early childhood communication development in British girls. Abstract:  BACKGROUND: The developing brain is susceptible to exposure to neurodevelopmental toxicants such as pesticides.AIMS: We explored associations of prenatal serum concentrations of hexachlorobenzene (HCB), beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), 2,2-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethene (p,p&#039;-DDE) and 2,2-Bis(4-chlorophenyl-1,1,1-trichloroethane (p,p&#039;-DDT) with maternal-reported measures of verbal and non-verbal communication in young girls.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We studied a sample of 400 singleton girls and their mothers participating in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) using multivariable linear regression models adjusting for parity, Home Observation Measurement of the Environment (HOME) score, maternal age and education status, and maternal tobacco use during the first trimester of pregnancy.EXPOSURE AND OUTCOME MEASURES: Maternal serum samples (collected at median 15 wks. gestation [IQR 10, 28]) were assessed for selected organochlorine pesticide levels. Communication was assessed at 15 and 38 months, using adapted versions of the MacArthur Bates Communicative Development Inventories for Infants and Toddlers (MCDI).RESULTS: At 15 months, girls born to mothers with prenatal concentrations of HCB in the highest tertile had vocabulary comprehension and production scores approximately 16% (p = 0.007) lower than girls born to mothers with concentrations in the lowest tertile. This association varied by maternal parity in that the evidence was stronger for daughters of nulliparous mothers. At 38 months, girls born to mothers with prenatal concentrations of HCB in the highest tertilehad mean adjusted intelligibility scores that were 3% (p = 0.03) lower than those born to mothers with concentrations in the lowest tertile; however, results did not vary significantly by parity. Maternal concentrations of β-HCH and p,p&#039;-DDE were not significantly associated with MCDI scores at15 or 36 months. p,p&#039;-DDT had an inconsistent pattern of association; a significant positive association was observed between p,p&#039;-DDT with verbal comprehension scores at 15 months; however, at 38 months a significant inverse association was observed for p,p&#039;-DDT with communicative scores. This inverse association for p,p&#039;-DDT among older girls tended to be stronger among daughters of mothers who had lower depression scores.CONCLUSIONS: Organochlorine pesticide exposure in utero may affect communication development. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/organochlorine-pesticide-exposure-utero-may-affect-communication-development" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/organochlorine-pesticide-exposure-utero-may-affect-communication-development#comments Developmental Disorder: Children Pesticide-Induced Toxicity: Organochlorines Prenatal Chemical Exposures Organochlorine pesticides Human Study Thu, 01 Nov 2018 21:10:37 +0000 greenmedinfo 173325 at https://greenmedinfo.com Potential short-term neurobehavioral alterations in children associated with a peak pesticide spray season on flowers. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/potential-short-term-neurobehavioral-alterations-children-associated-peak-pest PMID:  Neurotoxicology. 2017 Feb 7. Epub 2017 Feb 7. PMID: 28188819 Abstract Title:  Potential short-term neurobehavioral alterations in children associated with a peak pesticide spray season: The Mother&#039;s Day flower harvest in Ecuador. Abstract:  BACKGROUND: Exposures to cholinesterase inhibitor pesticides (e.g. organophosphates) have been associated with children&#039;s neurobehavioral alterations, including attention deficit and impulsivity. Animal studies have observed transient alterations in neurobehavioral performance in relation to cholinesterase inhibitor pesticide exposures; however, limited evidence exists regarding transient effects in humans.METHODS: We estimated the associations between neurobehavioral performance and time after Mother&#039;s Day flower harvest (the end of a heightened pesticide usage period) among 308 4-to 9-year-old children living in floricultural communities in Ecuador in 2008 who participated in the ESPINA study. Children&#039;s neurobehavior was examined once (NEPSY-II: 11 subtests covering 5 domains), between 63 and 100days (SD: 10.8days) after Mother&#039;s Day harvest (blood acetylcholinesterase activity levels can take 82days to normalize after irreversible inhibition with organophosphates).RESULTS: The mean (SD) neurobehavioral scaled scores across domains ranged from 6.6 (2.4) to 9.9 (3.3); higher values reflect greater performance. Children examined sooner after Mother&#039;s Day had lower neurobehavioral scores than children examined later, in the domains of (score difference per 10.8days, 95%CI): Attention/Inhibitory Control (0.38, 0.10-0.65), Visuospatial Processing (0.60, 0.25-0.95) and Sensorimotor (0.43, 0.10-0.77). Scores were higher with longer time post-harvest among girls (vs. boys) in Attention/Inhibitory Control.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings, although cross-sectional, are among the first in non-worker children to suggest that a peak pesticide use period may transiently affect neurobehavioral performance, as children examined sooner after the flower harvest had lower neurobehavioral performance than children examined later. Studies assessing pre- and post-exposure measures are needed. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/potential-short-term-neurobehavioral-alterations-children-associated-peak-pest" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/potential-short-term-neurobehavioral-alterations-children-associated-peak-pest#comments Developmental Disorder: Children Pesticide Toxicity Pesticides Increased Risk Human Study Mon, 15 May 2017 17:36:26 +0000 greenmedinfo 147768 at https://greenmedinfo.com Prenatal exposure to phthalates and emotional/behavioral development in young children. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/prenatal-exposure-phthalates-and-emotionalbehavioral-development-young-childre PMID:  Neurotoxicology. 2023 Aug 2 ;98:39-47. Epub 2023 Aug 2. PMID: 37536470 Abstract Title:  Prenatal exposure to phthalates and emotional/behavioral development in young children. Abstract:  INTRODUCTION: Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) such as phthalates, found in our daily environment, are nowadays suggested to be associated with adverse outcomes. Prenatal exposure was found associated with neurodevelopmental complications such as behavioral difficulties in school age children.AIM: To explore the association between intrauterine exposure to phthalates and emotional/behavioral development of 24 months old toddlers.METHODS: Women were recruited at 11-18 weeks of gestation and provided spot urine samples, analyzed for phthalate metabolites (DEHP, DiNP, MBzBP). Offspring were examined at 24 months of age, using standard maternal report, regarding developmental and behavioral problems (CBCL, ASQ-3, HOME questionnaires) (N = 158). To explore the associations between metabolite levels and developmental outcomes, multivariate GLM analysis (General Linear Model) was used according to tertiles and developmental scores on each developmental outcome.RESULTS: Associations of Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) maternal exposure with behavioral-developmental outcomes were found only in boys. Compared with boys with lower DEHP maternal exposure, boys with high DEHP maternal exposure had lower developmental score in personal social abilities in the ASQ-3 questionnaire (50.68 + 8.06 and 44.14 + 11.02, high and low DEHP, respectively, p = 0.03), and more internalizing problems (for example, emotionally reactive score in high and low DEHP: 53.77 + 7.41 and 50.50 + 1.19, respectively, p = 0.029; anxious or depressed score: 53.38 + 5.01 and 50.75 + 1.34, respectively, p = 0.009; and somatic complaints scores 64.03 + 10.1 and 55.84 + 7.84, respectively, p = 0.003), and externalizing problems (49.28 + 8.59 and 43.33 + 9.11, respectively, p = 0.039). No differences were found in the development and behavior problems between high and low DEHP maternal exposure level in girls.CONCLUSION: Maternal DEHP metabolite concentrations measured in first trimester urine was associated with children&#039;s emotional/behavioral developmental problems in 24-months old boys, supporting accumulating evidence of DEHP as a potentially harming chemical and call for environmental attention. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/prenatal-exposure-phthalates-and-emotionalbehavioral-development-young-childre" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/prenatal-exposure-phthalates-and-emotionalbehavioral-development-young-childre#comments Developmental Disorder: Children Phthalate Toxicity Prenatal Chemical Exposures Phthalates Human Study Mon, 04 Sep 2023 00:25:13 +0000 greenmedinfo 279559 at https://greenmedinfo.com Prenatal PM 2.5 exposure and neurodevelopment at 2 years of age in a birth cohort from Mexico city. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/prenatal-pm-25-exposure-and-neurodevelopment-2-years-age-birth-cohort-mexico-c PMID:  Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2021 Feb 11 ;233:113695. Epub 2021 Feb 11. PMID: 33582606 Abstract Title:  Prenatal PMexposure and neurodevelopment at 2 years of age in a birth cohort from Mexico city. Abstract:  BACKGROUND: Recent studies have reported that air pollution exposure may have neurotoxic properties.OBJECTIVE: To examine longitudinal associations between prenatal particles less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM) exposure and neurodevelopment during the first two years of children&#039;s life.METHODS: Analysis was conducted in PROGRESS, a longitudinal birth cohort between 2007 and 2013 in Mexico City. We used satellite data to predict daily PMconcentrations at high spatial resolution. Multivariate mixed-effect regression models were adjusted to examine cognitive, language and motor scores in children up to 24 months of age (n = 740) and each trimester-specific and whole pregnancy exposure to PM.RESULTS: Models adjusted by child sex, gestational age, birth weight, smoking and mother&#039;s IQ, showed that each increase of 1 μg/mof PMwas associated with a decreased language function of -0.38 points (95% CI: -0.77, -0.01). PMexposure at third trimester of pregnancy contributed most to the observed association.CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that language development up to 24 months of age may be particularly sensitive to PMexposure during pregnancy. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/prenatal-pm-25-exposure-and-neurodevelopment-2-years-age-birth-cohort-mexico-c" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/prenatal-pm-25-exposure-and-neurodevelopment-2-years-age-birth-cohort-mexico-c#comments Air Pollution Linked Toxicity Developmental Disorder: Children Risk Factors Human Study Fri, 05 Mar 2021 21:12:01 +0000 greenmedinfo 235713 at https://greenmedinfo.com Reducing prenatal exposure to coal-burning pollutants has a positive impact on children's neurodevelopment in China. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/reducing-prenatal-exposure-coal-burning-pollutants-has-positive-impact-childre PMID:  Environ Health Perspect. 2008 Oct ;116(10):1396-400. Epub 2008 Jul 14. PMID: 18941584 Abstract Title:  Benefits of reducing prenatal exposure to coal-burning pollutants to children&#039;s neurodevelopment in China. Abstract:  BACKGROUND: Coal burning provides 70% of the energy for China&#039;s industry and power, but releases large quantities of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and other pollutants. PAHs are reproductive and developmental toxicants, mutagens, and carcinogens.OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the benefit to neurobehavioral development from the closure of a coal-fired power plant that was the major local source of ambient PAHs.METHODS: The research was conducted in Tongliang, Chongqing, China, where a coal-fired power plant operated seasonally before it was shut down in May 2004. Two identical prospective cohort studies enrolled nonsmoking women and their newborns in 2002 (before shutdown) and 2005 (after shutdown). Prenatal PAH exposure was measured by PAH-DNA adducts (benzo[a]pyrene-DNA) in umbilical cord blood. Child development was assessed by the Gesell Developmental Schedules at 2 years of age. Prenatal exposure to other neurotoxicants and potential confounders (including lead, mercury, and environmental tobacco smoke) was measured. We compared the cohorts regarding the association between PAH-DNA adduct levels and neurodevelopmental outcomes.RESULTS: Significant associations previously seen in 2002 between elevated adducts and decreased motor area developmental quotient (DQ) (p = 0.043) and average DQ (p = 0.047) were not observed in the 2005 cohort (p = 0.546 and p = 0.146). However, the direction of the relationship did not change.CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that neurobehavioral development in Tongliang children benefited by elimination of PAH exposure from the coal-burning plant, consistent with the significant reduction in PAH-DNA adducts in cord blood of children in the 2005 cohort. The results have implications for children&#039;s environmental health in China and elsewhere. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/reducing-prenatal-exposure-coal-burning-pollutants-has-positive-impact-childre#comments Coal-Fired Power Plant Associated Toxicity Developmental Disorder: Children Developmental Quotients (DQs): Impaired Prenatal Chemical Exposures Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon: coal-fired power plant associated Human Study Tue, 27 Mar 2012 22:16:52 +0000 greenmedinfo 73687 at https://greenmedinfo.com