Prostate: PSA Doubling https://greenmedinfo.com/taxonomy/term/5847/all en A combination of selenium and silymari led to a significant reduction in PSA levels. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/combination-selenium-and-silymari-led-significant-reduction-psa-levels PMID:  Phytomedicine. 2013 Dec 15 ;21(1):75-81. Epub 2013 Sep 5. PMID: 24012146 Abstract Title:  Use of selenium-silymarin mix reduces lower urinary tract symptoms and prostate specific antigen in men. Abstract:  The aim of this double-blind, placebo controlled clinical trial was to assess the effects of a combination of selenium and silymarin in men with lower urinary tract symptoms, benign prostatic hyperplasia and a prostate specific antigen (PSA)≤2.5ng/ml. The volunteers were randomized to two groups: the first one (n=26) received 240μg selenium (in the form of yeast l-selenomethionine) plus 570mg silymarin daily for 6 months and the second (n=29) received placebo. Outcome measures were changes in the International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS), bladder volume (V), urinary flow rate, ultrasound estimated postvoid residual urine volume (RV), serum PSA, testosterone and selenium levels, safety clinical biochemistry, hematology and oxidative stress parameters at baseline and on day 180. The results showed statistically significant differences (p https://greenmedinfo.com/article/combination-selenium-and-silymari-led-significant-reduction-psa-levels#comments Milk Thistle Prostate: PSA Doubling Prostatic Hyperplasia Selenium Natural Substance Synergy Phytotherapy Plant Extracts Human Study Sun, 12 Apr 2015 18:33:16 +0000 greenmedinfo 116814 at https://greenmedinfo.com A combination of selenium, vitamin E and soy isoflavones reduces PSA levels and ower risk of prostate cancer in men with high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/combination-selenium-vitamin-e-and-soy-isoflavones-reduces-psa-levels-and-ower PMID:  Urology. 2007 Jun;69(6):1102-6. PMID: 17572195 Abstract Title:  Effect of nutritional supplement challenge in patients with isolated high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Abstract:  OBJECTIVES: To investigate, through a prospective follow-up study, the effects of a dietary supplementation challenge in men with isolated high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN). METHODS: The effects of a 6-month supplementation challenge with selenium, vitamin E, and soy isoflavonoids in men diagnosed with isolated HGPIN on biopsy were evaluated. A total of 100 patients entered the study. Of the 100 men, 29 were excluded because they refused additional biopsies or were noncompliant with the protocol, 71 underwent repeat biopsies at 3 months, and 58 underwent a third set at 6 months. The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level was recorded at inclusion and before each set of biopsies. The study endpoint was defined as the diagnosis of PCa at 3 months or the histopathologic status at 6 months. RESULTS: At the study endpoint, PCa had been found in 24 men (33.8%), HGPIN in 34 (47.9%), and no HGPIN or carcinoma in 13 (18.3%). The PCa risk throughout the study period was 25.0% in the group with a stable or decreasing PSA level (n = 48, 67.6%) and 52.2% in the group with an increasing PSA level (n = 23, 32.4%). This difference was statistically significant (P = 0.0458). Isolated HGPIN remaining at the first repeat biopsy and the percentage of initial cores with HGPIN were significant predictors of PCa at additional biopsies. CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study have shown that a decrease in the PSA level while taking a selenium, vitamin E, and soy isoflavonoids supplement predicts for a significantly lower risk of PCa in future biopsies. The percentage of initial biopsy cores with HGPIN and isolated HGPIN remaining at the first repeat biopsy are significant predictors of PCa in future biopsies. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/combination-selenium-vitamin-e-and-soy-isoflavones-reduces-psa-levels-and-ower#comments Prostate: PSA Doubling Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) Selenium Soy Vitamin E Chemopreventive Human Study Tue, 29 Dec 2009 14:16:02 +0000 greenmedinfo 48459 at https://greenmedinfo.com A combination of soy, isoflavones, lycopene, silymarin and antoxidants significantly increases PSA doubling time in men with prostate cancer. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/combination-soy-isoflavones-lycopene-silymarin-and-antoxidants-significantly-i PMID:  Eur Urol. 2005 Dec;48(6):922-30; discussion 930-1. Epub 2005 Oct 17. PMID: 16263208 Abstract Title:  Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study in men with prostate cancer and rising PSA: effectiveness of a dietary supplement. Abstract:  OBJECTIVES: Epidemiological studies have shown significant relationships between the use of dietary components and prostate cancer incidence and mortality. Large studies of primary prevention, which confirm these findings, are desirable but costly and difficult to design. The present tertiary prevention study reports on the effect of a dietary supplement in comparison with placebo on the rate of increase of prostate-specific antigen (PSA). METHODS: 49 patients with a history of prostate cancer and rising PSA levels after radical prostatectomy (n = 34) or radiotherapy (n = 15) participated in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study of a dietary supplement. Ethical approval of the protocol was obtained. Treatment periods of 10 weeks were separated by a 4-week washout period. The supplement consisted of soy, isoflavones, lycopene, silymarin and antioxidants as main ingredients. Changes in the rate of increase of PSA (PSA slope and doubling time) were the primary parameters of efficacy. Analyses according to intention to treat (ITT) and per protocol (PP) were carried out. RESULTS: Baseline parameters did not differ between randomised groups. Five participants were lost to follow-up, however 46 could be evaluated in an ITT analysis. PP analysis could be performed in 42 men with at least 5 PSA measurements. Per protocol analysis showed a significant decrease in PSA slope (p = 0.030) and (2)log PSA slope (p = 0.041). This translates into a 2.6 fold increase in the PSA doubling time from 445 to 1150 days for the supplement and placebo periods. No treatment-based changes in safety parameters were observed during the study. CONCLUSIONS: The soy-based dietary supplement utilised in this study was shown to delay PSA progression after potentially curative treatment in a significant fashion. More extensive studies of the supplement may be indicated. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/combination-soy-isoflavones-lycopene-silymarin-and-antoxidants-significantly-i#comments Antioxidant formulas Isoflavones Lycopene Milk Thistle Prostate Cancer Prostate: PSA Doubling Soy Human Study Sat, 06 Jun 2009 01:24:56 +0000 greenmedinfo 44691 at https://greenmedinfo.com A polyphenol-rich whole food supplement significantly effected the rate of PSA progression among men with prostate cancer. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/polyphenol-rich-whole-food-supplement-significantly-effected-rate-psa-progress PMID:  Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2014 Mar 11. Epub 2014 Mar 11. PMID: 24614693 Abstract Title:  A double-blind, placebo-controlled randomised trial evaluating the effect of a polyphenol-rich whole food supplement on PSA progression in men with prostate cancer-the UK NCRN Pomi-T study. Abstract:  Background:Polyphenol-rich foods such as pomegranate, green tea, broccoli and turmeric have demonstrated anti-neoplastic effects in laboratory models involving angiogenesis, apoptosis and proliferation. Although some have been investigated in small, phase II studies, this combination has never been evaluated within an adequately powered randomised controlled trial.Methods:In total, 199 men, average age 74 years, with localised prostate cancer, 60% managed with primary active surveillance (AS) or 40% with watchful waiting (WW) following previous interventions, were randomised (2:1) to receive an oral capsule containing a blend of pomegranate, green tea, broccoli and turmeric, or an identical placebo for 6 months.Results:The median rise in PSA in the food supplement group (FSG) was 14.7% (95% confidence intervals (CIs) 3.4-36.7%), as opposed to 78.5% in the placebo group (PG) (95% CI 48.1-115.5%), difference 63.8% (P=0.0008). In all, 8.2% of men in the FSG and 27.7% in the PG opted to leave surveillance at the end of the intervention (χ(2) P=0.014). There were no significant differences within the predetermined subgroups of age, Gleason grade, treatment category or body mass index. There were no differences in cholesterol, blood pressure, blood sugar, C-reactive protein or adverse events.Conclusions:This study found a significant short-term, favourable effect on the percentage rise in PSA in men managed with AS and WW following ingestion of this well-tolerated, specific blend of concentrated foods. Its influence on decision-making suggests that this intervention is clinically meaningful, but further trials will evaluate longer term clinical effects, and other makers of disease progression.Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Disease advance online publication, 11 March 2014; doi:10.1038/pcan.2014.6. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/polyphenol-rich-whole-food-supplement-significantly-effected-rate-psa-progress#comments Broccoli Green Tea Polyphenols Pomegranate Prostate Cancer Prostate: PSA Doubling Turmeric Supplements Human Study Sun, 13 Apr 2014 21:47:32 +0000 greenmedinfo 111957 at https://greenmedinfo.com Cancer $creening Doesn't Save Lives, Meta-Study Reveals https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/cancer-creening-doesnt-save-lives-meta-study-reveals <div class="copyright">This article is copyrighted by GreenMedInfo LLC, 2015<br/><strong><a href="/greenmedinfocom-re-post-guidelines">Visit our Re-post guidelines</a></strong></div><p class="rtecenter" dir="ltr"><img alt="Cancer $creening Doesn't Save Lives, Meta-Study Reveals" src="//cdn.greenmedinfo.com/sites/default/files/ckeditor/Sayer Ji/images/screening_cancer_fail.jpg" style="width: 600px; height: 443px;" /><strong style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 24.4799995422363px;"><em>&nbsp;</em></strong></p> <p dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14.4444446563721px; line-height: 24.4799995422363px;"><span style="color:#800000;"><em><span style="font-size: 18px;"><strong>Should we be looking for disease in people who don't have any symptoms? A large new study indicates the answer is NO. &nbsp;</strong></span></em></span></p><p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/cancer-creening-doesnt-save-lives-meta-study-reveals" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/cancer-creening-doesnt-save-lives-meta-study-reveals#comments Adenoma: Papillary Breast Cancer Cancers: All Ovarian Cancer Prostate Cancer Prostate: PSA Doubling Thyroid Cancer Cancer Chemical and Drug Toxicity Chemotherapy Chemotherapy Health Guide: Breast Cancer Overdiagnosis Radiotherapy Radiotherapy: Stereotactic Thu, 15 Jan 2015 12:53:13 +0000 Sayer Ji 115998 at https://greenmedinfo.com Cannabinoids possess attributes that have impact in both cancer pain and prostate cancer pathophysiology. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/cannabinoids-possess-attributes-have-impact-both-cancer-pain-and-prostate-canc PMID:  Indian J Urol. 2012 Jan ;28(1):9-14. PMID: 22557710 Abstract Title:  The role of cannabinoids in prostate cancer: Basic science perspective and potential clinical applications. Abstract:  Prostate cancer is a global public health problem, and it is the most common cancer in American men and the second cause for cancer-related death. Experimental evidence shows that prostate tissue possesses cannabinoid receptors and their stimulation results in anti-androgenic effects. To review currently relevant findings related to effects of cannabinoid receptors in prostate cancer. PubMed search utilizing the terms&quot;cannabis,&quot;&quot;cannabinoids,&quot;&quot;prostate cancer,&quot;and&quot;cancer pain management,&quot;giving preference to most recent publications was done. Articles identified were screened for their relevance to the field of prostate cancer and interest to both urologist and pain specialists. Prostate cancer cells possess increased expression of both cannabinoid 1 and 2 receptors, and stimulation of these results in decrease in cell viability, increased apoptosis, and decreased androgen receptor expression and prostate-specific antigen excretion. It would be of interest to conduct clinical studies utilizing cannabinoids for patients with metastatic prostate cancer, taking advantage not only of its beneficial effects on prostate cancer but also of their analgesic properties for bone metastatic cancer pain. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/cannabinoids-possess-attributes-have-impact-both-cancer-pain-and-prostate-canc#comments Cannabinoids Prostate Cancer Prostate: PSA Doubling Analgesics Anti-Angiogenic Cannabinoid Receptors Review Wed, 01 Apr 2015 21:03:07 +0000 greenmedinfo 116580 at https://greenmedinfo.com Curcumin inhibits PSA expression in prostate cancer cell lines. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/curcumin-inhibits-psa-expression-prostate-cancer-cell-lines PMID:  Yao Xue Xue Bao. 2005 Sep;40(9):800-3. PMID: 16342680 Abstract Title:  [Inhibition of the expression of prostate specific antigen by curcumin]. Abstract:  AIM: To study the effect of curcumin on the expression of prostate specific antigen (PSA).METHODS: AXSYM system-chemical luciferase method was used to examine the content of PSA in prostate cancer cell lines, LNCap after treated with different doses of curcumin. pGL3-PSA luciferase expression vector, containing 640 bp DNA of PSA gene 5&#039; promoter region was constructed and transfected into LNCap cell with lipofectin. Through detecting the activity of luciferase, the effect of curcumin on the promoter of PSA was studied. Western blotting was used to detect expression of androgen receptor (AR) in LNCap cell with different concentrations of curcumin.RESULTS: The expression of PSA was inhibited and activity of luciferase was reduced by curcumin. There was also significant difference in AR expression as shown by Western blotting experiment after treatment of different doses of curcumin.CONCLUSION: Through inhibiting AR expression, curcumin reduced the function of PSA promoter and inhibited PSA protein expression. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/curcumin-inhibits-psa-expression-prostate-cancer-cell-lines#comments Curcumin Prostate Cancer Prostate: PSA Doubling Antineoplastic Agents In Vitro Study Fri, 18 Feb 2011 23:03:28 +0000 greenmedinfo 61778 at https://greenmedinfo.com Curcumin inhibits PSA gene expression in prostate cancer cells. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/curcumin-inhibits-psa-gene-expression-prostate-cancer-cells PMID:  J Androl. 2008 Nov-Dec;29(6):661-8. Epub 2008 Jul 31. PMID: 18676361 Abstract Title:  Curcumin blocks the activation of androgen and interlukin-6 on prostate-specific antigen expression in human prostatic carcinoma cells. Abstract:  Curcumin, a naturally occurring compound, exhibits anticancer chemopreventive effects. We evaluated the effects and mechanisms of curcumin on the gene expression of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in human androgen-sensitive prostatic carcinoma cells. LNCaP cells were used to determine the effect of curcumin on PSA expression. Quantitative PSA expression was assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunoblot assay. The modulation of androgen, interlukin-6 (IL-6), and prostate-derived Ets factor (PDEF) on the PSA gene was identified by transient gene expression assay with the use of a PSA reporter vector. The effect of curcumin on the activity of androgen receptors was evaluated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Immunoblot assays, RT-PCR, and ELISA indicated that curcumin treatments blocked the stimulation of methyltrienolone (R1881) and IL-6 on PSA gene expression in LNCaP cells. The effects of curcumin appear to be mediated via the androgen response element of PSA gene. Results from immunoblot assay and EMSA revealed the modulation of curcumin on the expression of androgen receptor and androgen receptor binding activity on androgen response element of PSA gene. Although overexpression of PDEF dramatically enhanced PSA gene expression, the results of immunoblot assays and transient reporter assays indicated that curcumin treatments did not affect the gene expression of PDEF. Curcumin inhibits R1881- and IL-6-mediated PSA gene expression in LNCaP cells through down-regulation of the expression and activity of androgen receptors. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/curcumin-inhibits-psa-gene-expression-prostate-cancer-cells#comments Curcumin Prostate Cancer Prostate: PSA Doubling Antineoplastic Agents Antiproliferative Interleukin-6 Downregulation In Vitro Study Fri, 11 Feb 2011 23:28:06 +0000 greenmedinfo 61427 at https://greenmedinfo.com Daily administration of free sulforaphane shows promise in managing biochemical recurrences in prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/daily-administration-free-sulforaphane-shows-promise-managing-biochemical-recu PMID:  Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2015 May 12. Epub 2015 May 12. PMID: 25968598 Abstract Title:  Effect of Sulforaphane in Men with Biochemical Recurrence after Radical Prostatectomy. Abstract:  Increases in serum levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) occur commonly in prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy and are designated&quot;biochemical recurrence.&quot;Since the phytochemical sulforaphane (SF) has been studied extensively as an anticancer agent, we performed a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled multicenter trial with SF in 78 patients (mean age 69±6 years) with rising PSA levels after radical prostatectomy. Treatment comprised daily oral administration of 60 mg of a stabilized free SF for 6 months (M0 to M6) followed by 2 months without treatment (M6 to M8). The study was designed to detect a 0.012 log (ng/ml)/month decrease in the log PSAslope in the SF group from M0 to M6. The primary end-point was not reached. For secondary end-points, median log PSA slopes were consistently lower in SF-treated men. Mean changes in PSA levels between M6 and M0 were significantly lower in the SF group (+0.099 ± 0.341 ng/ml) compared with placebo (+0.620 ± 1.417 ng/ml; p = 0.0433). PSA doubling time was 86% longer in the SF than in the placebo group (28.9 and 15.5 months, respectively). PSA increases&gt;20% at M6 were significantly greater in the placebo group (71.8%) than in the SF group (44.4%); p=0.0163. Compliance and tolerance were very good. SF effects were prominent within 3 months of intervention (M3 to M6). After treatment, PSA slopes from M6 to M8 remained the same in the two arms. Daily administration of free SF shows promise in managing biochemical recurrences in prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/daily-administration-free-sulforaphane-shows-promise-managing-biochemical-recu#comments Prostate: PSA Doubling Radical Prostatectomy Sulforaphane Recurrence Risk Significant Treatment Outcome Human Study Thu, 04 Jun 2015 01:23:11 +0000 greenmedinfo 118033 at https://greenmedinfo.com Dietary supplements containing EPA, GLA or CoQ10 may significantly affect serum PSA levels. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/dietary-supplements-containing-epa-gla-or-coq10-may-significantly-affect-serum PMID:  Br J Nutr. 2012 Nov 30:1-8. Epub 2012 Nov 30. PMID: 23199523 Abstract Title:  Effects of EPA,γ-linolenic acid or coenzyme Q10 on serum prostate-specific antigen levels: a randomised, double-blind trial. Abstract:  The main objective of the present study was to determine the potential of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids or coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) to alter serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in normal healthy men. A total of 504 healthy men with serum PSA level≤ 2·5 ng/ml were recruited into the study. Serum PSA values were not segregated by decade of age. Participants were randomly assigned to a daily dietary supplement containing n-3 fatty acids (1·12 g of EPA and 0·72 g of DHA per capsule) (group 1, n 126), n-6 fatty acid (600 mg γ-linolenicacid (GLA) each capsule) (group 2, n 126), CoQ10 (100 mg per capsule) (group 3, n 126) or a similar regimen of placebo (group 4, n 126) for 12 weeks. Study medication was administered as two capsules to be taken twice daily. Serum levels of PSA, EPA, DHA, GLA, lipid profile and reproductive hormones were also measured. EPA treatment significantly reduced serum PSA level by 30·0 (95 % CI 25, 36) % (P = 0·004) from baseline. In contrast, GLA therapy significantly increased serum PSA concentration by 15·0 (95 % CI 11, 20) % (P = 0·02). CoQ10 therapy also significantly reduced serumPSA level by 33·0 (95 % CI 27, 40) % (P = 0·002). In multivariable analysis, serum values of PSA were strongly correlated with duration of EPA (r - 0·62; 95 % CI - 0·42, - 0·77; P = 0·003), n-6 (r 0·42; 95 % CI 0·31, 0·58; P = 0·02) and CoQ10 use (r - 0·77; 95 % CI - 0·56, - 0·87; P = 0·001). There were also significant correlations between serum values of DHA, EPA, GLA and CoQ10 and serum PSA levels. The present study demonstrates that dietary supplements containing EPA, GLA or CoQ10 may significantly affect serum PSA levels. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/dietary-supplements-containing-epa-gla-or-coq10-may-significantly-affect-serum#comments Coenzyme Q10 Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) Gamma-Linoleic Acid (GLA) Prostate: PSA Doubling Human Study Wed, 19 Dec 2012 21:39:57 +0000 greenmedinfo 87287 at https://greenmedinfo.com Flaxseed supplementation and a low-fat diet reduces proliferation of benign prostatic epithelium and PSA. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/flaxseed-supplementation-and-low-fat-diet-reduces-proliferation-benign-prostat PMID:  Urology. 2004 May;63(5):900-4. PMID: 15134976 Abstract Title:  Pilot study to explore effects of low-fat, flaxseed-supplemented diet on proliferation of benign prostatic epithelium and prostate-specific antigen. Abstract:  OBJECTIVES: Dietary factors may influence the prostate and have an impact on prostatic growth and disease. A small number of studies have suggested that flaxseed-supplemented, fat-restricted diets may thwart prostate cancer growth in both animals and humans. Unknown, however, is the potential effect of such a diet on benign prostatic epithelium. METHODS: We undertook a pilot study to explore whether a flaxseed-supplemented, fat-restricted diet affects the proliferation rates in benign epithelium. We also explored the effects on circulating levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), total testosterone, and cholesterol. Fifteen men who were scheduled to undergo repeat prostate biopsy were instructed to follow a low-fat (less than 20% kcal), flaxseed-supplemented (30 g/day) diet and were provided with a supply of flaxseed to last throughout the 6-month intervention period. The PSA, total testosterone, and cholesterol levels were determined at baseline and at 6 months of follow-up. Reports from the original and repeat biopsies were compared, and proliferation (MIB-1) rates were quantified in the benign prostatic epithelium. RESULTS: Statistically significant decreases in PSA (8.47 +/- 3.82 to 5.72 +/- 3.16 ng/mL; P = 0.0002) and cholesterol (241.1 +/- 30.8 to 213.3 +/- 51.2 mg/dL; P = 0.012) were observed. No statistically significant change was seen in total testosterone (434.5 +/- 143.6 to 428.3 +/- 92.5 ng/dL). Although 6-month repeat biopsies were not performed in 2 cases because of PSA normalization, of the 13 men who underwent repeat biopsy, the proliferation rates in the benign epithelium decreased significantly from 0.022 +/- 0.027 at baseline to 0.007 +/- 0.014 at 6 months of follow-up (P = 0.0168). CONCLUSIONS: These pilot data suggest that a flaxseed-supplemented, fat-restricted diet may affect the biology of the prostate and associated biomarkers. A randomized controlled trial is needed to determine whether flaxseed supplementation, a low-fat diet, or a combination of the two regimens may be of use in controlling overall prostatic growth. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/flaxseed-supplementation-and-low-fat-diet-reduces-proliferation-benign-prostat#comments Flaxseed Prostate: PSA Doubling Prostatic Hyperplasia: Benign Human Study Tue, 16 Jun 2009 11:10:02 +0000 greenmedinfo 44786 at https://greenmedinfo.com Genistein has therapeutic value in reducing PSA levels in men with prostate cancer. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/genistein-has-therapeutic-value-reducing-psa-levels-men-prostate-cancer PMID:  Urology. 2004 Feb;63(2):259-63. PMID: 14972467 Abstract Title:  Effects of a genistein-rich extract on PSA levels in men with a history of prostate cancer. Abstract:  OBJECTIVES: To determine whether supplemental amounts of soy isoflavone (genistein-rich extract) would lower prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels more than 50% in patients with prostate cancer (CaP). METHODS: A total of 62 men (mean age 73.6 years, range 61.4 to 89.3) with histologically proven CaP who had two consecutive elevated PSA readings were accrued during a 13-month period. An open-label pilot study was conducted for 6 months in which the patients took capsules containing the genistein-rich extract three times daily by mouth. The subjects were in one of five groups: after radical retropubic prostatectomy (n = 9), after radiotherapy (n = 17), after both radical retropubic prostatectomy and radiotherapy (n = 6), off-cycle during hormonal therapy (intermittent hormones; n = 14), or active surveillance (n = 16). The primary endpoint for the trial was a 50% reduction in the PSA level at 6 months compared with before treatment. RESULTS: Of the 62 men enrolled, 52 were available for evaluation at 6 months. Three patients discontinued because of adverse events (diarrhea) and seven because of personal choice. One of 52 patients had a more than 50% reduction in the PSA level (1.9% response, 95% confidence interval 0.1% to 10.3%). An additional 7 patients had PSA reductions that were less than 50%. All 8 patients with lower PSA levels at 6 months were in the active surveillance (watchful waiting) treatment subgroup. Repeated measure regression models allowing for correlation between initial levels and change also indicated a decline in PSA in this group compared with other groups: 0 of 52 had a complete response, 9 (17%) had a partial response, 8 (15%) had stable disease, and 35 (67%) had disease progression. In the 9 patients with a partial response, 6 had pathologic findings that were moderately differentiated, 2 had well-differentiated findings, and 1 had poorly differentiated findings. Therefore, the response in this group of patients did not appear to be driven by the Gleason score. The total testosterone level was lowered in one of the patients responding, but it was higher in five others. CONCLUSIONS: A genistein-rich extract as the sole treatment for CaP did not reduce PSA levels by 50% or more in 51 of 52 subjects. Thus, it does not appear to be an effective treatment for CaP when given alone. However, 8 of 13 evaluated patients in the active surveillance group had either no rise or a decline in PSA levels of less than 50%. More study is warranted for those choosing active surveillance. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/genistein-has-therapeutic-value-reducing-psa-levels-men-prostate-cancer#comments Genistein Prostate Cancer Prostate: PSA Doubling Enzyme Inhibitors Plant Extracts Human Study Sat, 30 Jan 2010 15:05:42 +0000 greenmedinfo 50569 at https://greenmedinfo.com Modified Citrus Pectin increases the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) doubling time in men with prostate cancer. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/modified-citrus-pectin-increases-prostate-specific-antigen-psa-doubling-time-m PMID:  Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2003;6(4):301-4. PMID: 14663471 Abstract Title:  Modified citrus pectin (MCP) increases the prostate-specific antigen doubling time in men with prostate cancer: a phase II pilot study. Abstract:  This trial investigated the tolerability and effect of modified citrus pectin (Pecta-Sol) in 13 men with prostate cancer and biochemical prostate-specific antigen (PSA) failure after localized treatment, that is, radical prostatectomy, radiation, or cryosurgery. A total of 13 men were evaluated for tolerability and 10 for efficacy. Changes in the prostate-specific antigen doubling time (PSADT) of the 10 men were the primary end point in the study. We found that the PSADT increased (P-value&lt;0.05) in seven (70%) of 10 men after taking MCP for 12 months compared to before taking MCP. This study suggests that MCP may lengthen the PSADT in men with recurrent prostate cancer. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/modified-citrus-pectin-increases-prostate-specific-antigen-psa-doubling-time-m#comments Modified Citrus Pectin Prostate Cancer Prostate: PSA Doubling Human Study Sun, 26 Apr 2009 15:52:19 +0000 greenmedinfo 43990 at https://greenmedinfo.com Pomegranate juice prolongs PSA doubling time, inhibits cell proliferation and increases apoptosis in men with prostate cancer. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/pomegranate-juice-prolongs-psa-doubling-time-inhibits-cell-proliferation-and-i PMID:  Forsch Komplementmed. 2007 Feb;14(1):39-44. Epub 2007 Mar 6. PMID: 16818701 Abstract Title:  Phase II study of pomegranate juice for men with rising prostate-specific antigen following surgery or radiation for prostate cancer. Abstract:  PURPOSE: Phytochemicals in plants may have cancer preventive benefits through antioxidation and via gene-nutrient interactions. We sought to determine the effects of pomegranate juice (a major source of antioxidants) consumption on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression in men with a rising PSA following primary therapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: A phase II, Simon two-stage clinical trial for men with rising PSA after surgery or radiotherapy was conducted. Eligible patients had a detectable PSA &gt; 0.2 and &lt; 5 ng/mL and Gleason score &lt; or = 7. Patients were treated with 8 ounces of pomegranate juice daily (Wonderful variety, 570 mg total polyphenol gallic acid equivalents) until disease progression. Clinical end points included safety and effect on serum PSA, serum-induced proliferation and apoptosis of LNCaP cells, serum lipid peroxidation, and serum nitric oxide levels. RESULTS: The study was fully accrued after efficacy criteria were met. There were no serious adverse events reported and the treatment was well tolerated. Mean PSA doubling time significantly increased with treatment from a mean of 15 months at baseline to 54 months posttreatment (P &lt; 0.001). In vitro assays comparing pretreatment and posttreatment patient serum on the growth of LNCaP showed a 12% decrease in cell proliferation and a 17% increase in apoptosis (P = 0.0048 and 0.0004, respectively), a 23% increase in serum nitric oxide (P = 0.0085), and significant (P &lt; 0.02) reductions in oxidative state and sensitivity to oxidation of serum lipids after versus before pomegranate juice consumption. CONCLUSIONS: We report the first clinical trial of pomegranate juice in patients with prostate cancer. The statistically significant prolongation of PSA doubling time, coupled with corresponding laboratory effects on prostate cancer in vitro cell proliferation and apoptosis as well as oxidative stress, warrant further testing in a placebo-controlled study. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/pomegranate-juice-prolongs-psa-doubling-time-inhibits-cell-proliferation-and-i#comments Pomegranate Prostate Cancer Prostate: PSA Doubling Human Study Sat, 06 Jun 2009 01:05:26 +0000 greenmedinfo 44687 at https://greenmedinfo.com Resveratrol may reduce prostate-specific antigen by inhibiting androgen receptor https://greenmedinfo.com/article/resveratrol-may-reduce-prostate-specific-antigen-inhibiting-androgen-receptor PMID:  J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2011 Jan;123(1-2):65-70. Epub 2010 Nov 10. PMID: 21073951 Abstract Title:  Inhibitory mechanisms of the transcriptional activity of androgen receptor by resveratrol: Implication of DNA binding and acetylation of the receptor. Abstract:  Androgen receptor (AR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor and plays a key role in the development of prostate cancer. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound, inhibits AR function and reduces the level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), a notable target gene of AR. Here, we investigated the mechanisms by which resveratrol inhibits AR function. Although the protein levels of AR were decreased by resveratrol treatment for 24h, the decrease could not fully account for the suppression of AR function. The total and the nuclear AR levels were not affected after incubation with 10μM resveratrol for 3h, whereas resveratrol inhibited the binding of AR to the enhancer region of PSA and decreased the acetylation of AR even at this early phase. Inhibition of transcription by resveratrol was weaker in the AR acetylation site mutant than in the wild-type. In later phase (24h) after incubation with resveratrol, the ligand-induced nuclear accumulation of AR was markedly decreased by resveratrol. These data show that resveratrol inhibits DNA binding of AR, presumably by decreasing its level of acetylation and suggest that acetylation of AR is involved in its accumulation in thenucleus. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/resveratrol-may-reduce-prostate-specific-antigen-inhibiting-androgen-receptor#comments Prostate Cancer Prostate: PSA Doubling Resveratrol Stilbenes In Vitro Study Thu, 10 Mar 2011 22:28:35 +0000 greenmedinfo 62463 at https://greenmedinfo.com