AST: Elevated https://greenmedinfo.com/taxonomy/term/60595/all en Astaxanthin supplementation may have a beneficial effect on muscle damage and oxidative stress markers in atheletes. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/astaxanthin-supplementation-may-have-beneficial-effect-muscle-damage-and-oxida PMID:  J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2012 Aug ;52(4):382-92. PMID: 22828460 Abstract Title:  Effect of astaxanthin supplementation on muscle damage and oxidative stress markers in elite young soccer players. Abstract:  AIM: The purpose of the current study was to examine the effect of Astaxanthin (Asx) supplementation on muscle enzymes as indirect markers of muscle damage, oxidative stress markers and antioxidant response in elite young soccer players.METHODS: Thirty-two male elite soccer players were randomly assigned in a double-blind fashion to Asx and placebo (P) group. After the 90 days of supplementation, the athletes performed a 2 hour acute exercise bout. Blood samples were obtained before and after 90 days of supplementation and after the exercise at the end of observational period for analysis of thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances (TBARS), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), superoxide anion (O2•¯), total antioxidative status (TAS), sulphydril groups (SH), superoxide-dismutase (SOD), serum creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST).RESULTS: TBARS and AOPP levels did not change throughout the study. Regular training significantly increased O2•¯ levels (main training effect, P https://greenmedinfo.com/article/astaxanthin-supplementation-may-have-beneficial-effect-muscle-damage-and-oxida#comments AST: Elevated Astaxanthin Athletic Performance Creatine Phosphokinase (CK): Elevated Muscle Damage: Exercise-Induced Antioxidants Human Study Wed, 01 Aug 2012 19:24:33 +0000 greenmedinfo 79091 at https://greenmedinfo.com Ginger protects against liver fibrosis. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/ginger-protects-against-liver-fibrosis PMID:  Nutr Metab (Lond). 2011 ;8:40. Epub 2011 Jun 20. PMID: 21689445 Abstract Title:  Zingiber officinale acts as a nutraceutical agent against liver fibrosis. Abstract:  UNLABELLED: ABSTRACT:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Zingiber officinale Roscoe (ginger) (Zingiberaceae) has been cultivated for thousands of years both as a spice and for medicinal purposes. Ginger rhizomes successive extracts (petroleum ether, chloroform and ethanol) were examined against liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats.RESULTS: The evaluation was done through measuring antioxidant parameters; glutathione (GSH), total superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Liver marker enzymes; succinate and lactate dehydrogenases (SDH and LDH), glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase), acid phosphatase (AP), 5&#039;- nucleotidase (5&#039;NT) and liver function enzymes; aspartate and alanine aminotransferases (AST and ALT) as well as cholestatic markers; alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), total bilirubin were estimated. Liver histopathological analysis and collagen content were also evaluated. Treatments with the selected extracts significantly increased GSH, SOD, SDH, LDH, G-6-Pase, AP and 5&#039;NT. However, MDA, AST, ALT ALP, GGT and total bilirubin were significantly decreased.CONCLUSIONS: Extracts of ginger, particularly the ethanol one resulted in an attractive candidate for the treatment of liver fibrosis induced by CCl4. Further studies are required in order to identify the molecules responsible of the pharmacological activity. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/ginger-protects-against-liver-fibrosis#comments ALT: Elevated AST: Elevated Ginger Liver Fibrosis Glutathione Upregulation Malonaldehyde (MDA) Down-Regulation Renoprotective Superoxide Dismutase Up-regulation Animal Study Fri, 09 Sep 2011 20:57:53 +0000 greenmedinfo 68452 at https://greenmedinfo.com Long term consumption of aspartame causes liver injury and oxidative stress in the rat liver. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/long-term-consumption-aspartame-causes-liver-injury-and-oxidative-stress-rat-l PMID:  Food Chem Toxicol. 2011 Jun ;49(6):1203-7. Epub 2011 Mar 3. PMID: 21376768 Abstract Title:  Effect of long term intake of aspartame on antioxidant defense status in liver. Abstract:  The present study evaluates the effect of long term intake of aspartame, the artificial sweetener, on liver antioxidant system and hepatocellular injury in animal model. Eighteen adult male Wistar rats, weighing 150-175 g, were randomly divided into three groups as follows: first group was given aspartame dissolved in water in a dose of 500 mg/kg b.wt.; the second group was given a dose of 1000 mg/kg b.wt.; and controls were given water freely. Rats that had received aspartame (1000 mg/kg b.wt.) in the drinking water for 180 days showed a significant increase in activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) andγ-glutamyl transferase (GGT). The concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) and the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR) were significantly reduced in the liver of rats that had received aspartame (1000 mg/kg b.wt.). Glutathione was significantly decreased in both the experimental groups. Histopathological examination revealed leukocyte infiltration in aspartame-treated rats (1000 mg/kg b.wt.). It can be concluded from these observations that long term consumption of aspartame leads to hepatocellular injury and alterations in liver antioxidant status mainly through glutathione dependent system. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/long-term-consumption-aspartame-causes-liver-injury-and-oxidative-stress-rat-l#comments ALT: Elevated AST: Elevated Chemically-Induced Liver Damage Oxidative Stress Aspartame Glutathione Down-Regulation Hepatotoxic Oxidant Animal Study Tue, 02 Aug 2011 14:39:24 +0000 greenmedinfo 67578 at https://greenmedinfo.com Loquat seed extract protects against chemically induced liver damage in rats. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/loquat-seed-extract-protects-against-chemically-induced-liver-damage-rats PMID:  Biol Pharm Bull. 2002 Aug;25(8):1053-7. PMID: 12186409 Abstract Title:  Effects of extract derived from Eriobotrya japonica on liver function improvement in rats. Abstract:  Eriobotrya japonica is considered a medicinal plant, and its leaves (Eriobotrya folia) have been used to treat skin diseases, as well as to relieve inflammation, pain, coughing, and sputa. In our evaluation of the pharmacological efficacy of the seed extracts, constituents of the seeds were found to contain the unsaturated fatty acids linolenic and linoleic acids and the sterol beta-sitosterol in the 70% EtOH and the MeOH extracts. The seed extracts were orally administered to rats with dimethylnitrosamine-induced hepatopathy, and blood L-asparate aminotransferase (AST) and L-alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, liver retinoid level, and hydroxyproline level were measured. Liver fibrosis rates calculated after Azan-Mallory staining and evaluation of the liver function-improving effects of extracts were showed that AST, ALT, and hydroxyproline levels and liver fibrosis rates were significantly lower, and retinoid levels were significantly higher in hepatopathic rats treated with 70% EtOH and MeOH extracts of the seed than in water-treated control rats. This suggests that the positive effect on liver function of the extracts varies depending on the extracting solvent used. 70% EtOH and MeOH extract of the seeds inhibited the development of liver fibrosis in hepatopathic rats, thus exhibiting potent improvement. The unsaturated linolenic and linoleic acids and the sterol beta-sitosterol contained in these extracts may also contribute to the improvement of liver function. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/loquat-seed-extract-protects-against-chemically-induced-liver-damage-rats#comments ALT: Elevated AST: Elevated Chemically-Induced Liver Damage GGT Loquat Seeds Results for Liver Enzymes: Elevated AST Hepatoprotective Plant Extracts Animal Study Thu, 19 May 2011 02:06:22 +0000 greenmedinfo 63982 at https://greenmedinfo.com Silymarin is effective in reduced ALT and AST in NAFLD. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/silymarin-effective-reduced-alt-and-ast-nafld PMID:  Hepat Mon. 2012 Aug ;12(8):e6099. Epub 2012 Aug 3. PMID: 23087748 Abstract Title:  Effects of metformin, pioglitazone, and silymarin treatment on non-alcoholic Fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled pilot study. Abstract:  BACKGROUND: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common reasons of enzyme increase in liver. In About 10 percent of patients with NAFLD, the disease progresses toward Non Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) and about one third of them may progress toward cirrhosis, liver dysfunction, and even hepatocellular carcinoma.OBJECTIVES: According to high prevalence of NAFLD and the fact that there is no consensus on treatment of this disease, the aim of this study was to assess the effects of metformin, pioglitazone, and silymarin on treatment of NAFLD.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty six patients with NAFLD who were presented in the Endocrinology and Metabolism clinic of Boo&#039;ali Hospital, Qazvin, Iran, were assigned randomly into three groups (n = 22). First group was treated by pioglitazone 15 mg/d, second group by metformin 500 mg/d, and third group by silymarin 140 mg/d. All patients underwent clinical and biochemical evaluations including weight, fasting blood sugar (FBS), lipid profiles, body mass index (BMI), aspartate aminotransferase (AST ), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and serum insulin levels in pre- and post-intervention after eight-week follow up.RESULTS: Before the treatment there was no significant difference between three groups with respect to average age, BMI and gender, FBS, lipid profile, AST, ALT, serum insulin level, and Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA) index for insulin resistance. After the intervention, a significant reduction was observed in average amount of FBS, lipid profile, ALT, AST, serum insulin level and HOMA index in three groups (P https://greenmedinfo.com/article/silymarin-effective-reduced-alt-and-ast-nafld#comments AST: Elevated Elevated: ALT Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) Silymarin Human Study Wed, 19 Dec 2012 20:42:18 +0000 greenmedinfo 87254 at https://greenmedinfo.com Statin drugs increase the risk of diabetes and cause abnormal liver enzyme elevations. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/statin-drugs-increase-risk-diabetes-and-cause-abnormal-liver-enzyme-elevations PMID:  QJM. 2011 Sep 14. Epub 2011 Sep 14. PMID: 21920996 Abstract Title:  Adverse events associated with individual statin treatments for cardiovascular disease: an indirect comparison meta-analysis. Abstract:  BACKGROUND: Statins are the most widely prescribed drug available. Due to this reason, it is important to understand the risks involved with the drug class and individual statins. AIM: We conducted a meta-analysis and employed indirect comparisons to identify differing risk effects across statins. DESIGN: We included any randomized clinical trial (RCT) of atorvastatin, fluvastatin, lovastatin, pitavastatin, pravastatin, rosuvastatin and simvastatin used for cardiovascular disease event prevention. The main outcome was adverse events [all-cause mortality, cancers, rhabdomylosis, diabetes, aspartate and alanine aminotransferase (AST/ALT), and creatinine kinase (CK) increases beyond the upper limit of normal]. In order to evaluate the relative effects of each drug on adverse events, we calculated adjusted indirect comparisons of the adverse-event outcomes. RESULTS: Seventy-two trials involving 159 458 patients met our inclusion criteria. Overall, statin treatments significantly increased the rate of diabetes when compared to controls (OR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.02-1.16) and elevated AST (OR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.04-1.66) and ALT (OR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.11-1.48) levels when compared to controls. Using indirect comparisons, we also found that atorvastatin significantly elevated AST levels compared to pravastatin (OR: 2.21; 95% CI: 1.13-4.29) and simvastatin significantly increased CK levels when compared to rosuvastatin (OR: 4.39; 95% CI: 1.01-19.07). Higher dose studies had increased risk of AST elevations. DISCUSSION: Although statins are generally well tolerated, there are risks associated with almost all drugs. With few exceptions, statins appear to exert a similar risk across individual drugs. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/statin-drugs-increase-risk-diabetes-and-cause-abnormal-liver-enzyme-elevations#comments AST: Elevated Diabetes Insipidus Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 Elevated: ALT Elevated: Creatinine Kinase GGT Atorvastatin Hepatotoxic Statin Drugs Meta Analysis Sat, 24 Sep 2011 20:30:09 +0000 greenmedinfo 68736 at https://greenmedinfo.com Wheat Found To Contribute To Rare Liver Disease In Children https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/wheat-found-contribute-rare-liver-disease-children <div class="copyright">This article is copyrighted by GreenMedInfo LLC, 2013<br/><strong><a href="/greenmedinfocom-re-post-guidelines">Visit our Re-post guidelines</a></strong></div><p class="rtecenter"><img alt="Wheat Found To Contribute To Rare Liver Disease In Children" src="//cdn.greenmedinfo.com/sites/default/files/ckeditor/sayerji/images/hepatitis_wheat.jpg" /></p><p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/wheat-found-contribute-rare-liver-disease-children" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/wheat-found-contribute-rare-liver-disease-children#comments ALT: Elevated AST: Elevated Cryptogenic Hypertransaminasemia Hepatitis: Autoimmune Dark Side of Wheat Gluten Wheat Fri, 15 Mar 2013 12:00:00 +0000 Sayer Ji 93186 at https://greenmedinfo.com