Breast Cancer: BRCA1 https://greenmedinfo.com/taxonomy/term/74112/all en Alcohol consumption is not a risk factor for breast cancer among women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/alcohol-consumption-not-risk-factor-breast-cancer-among-women-brca1-or-brca2-m PMID:  Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2015 Jun ;151(2):435-41. Epub 2015 May 3. PMID: 25935583 Abstract Title:  Prospective evaluation of alcohol consumption and the risk of breast cancer in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Abstract:  Given the adverse effect of alcohol in the development of breast cancer among women in the general population, we evaluated whether a similar association exists among women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. Information regarding baseline daily alcohol consumption was abstracted from a research questionnaire for 3067 BRCA mutation carriers enrolled in a prospective cohort study. Women were followed biennially until the date of the last follow-up questionnaire, date of breast cancer diagnosis, date of prophylactic bilateral mastectomy, or date of death. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for invasive breast cancer associated with alcohol consumed at or prior to completion of the baseline questionnaire. After a mean of 5.4 years of follow-up, we observed 259 incident cases of primary invasive breast cancer. Compared with non-users, the adjusted RRs were 1.06 (95 % CI 0.78-1.44) for ever use and 1.08 (0.79-1.47) for current alcohol use. For women in the highest versus lowest quintile of cumulative alcohol consumption, the RR was 0.94 (95 % CI 0.63-1.40; P trend = 0.65). Our findings suggest that alcohol consumption is not a risk factor for breast cancer among women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/alcohol-consumption-not-risk-factor-breast-cancer-among-women-brca1-or-brca2-m#comments Alcohol BRCA1/BRCA2: Prevalence Breast Cancer: BRCA1 BRCA Gene Human Study Tue, 09 Jun 2015 18:38:51 +0000 greenmedinfo 118169 at https://greenmedinfo.com Angelina Jolie, BRCA Gene, Preventive Cancer Surgery https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/angelina-jolie-brca-gene-preventive-cancer-surgery <p class="rtecenter" style="clear: right;"><strong><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">This article is copyrighted by Jeffrey Dach MD, 2013</span><br style="color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" /> <span style="color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Republished with permission from <a href="https://jeffreydachmd.com/2015/03/angelina-jolie-brca-gene/" rel="dofollow" target="_blank">JeffreyDachMD.com</a></span></span></span></strong></p> <p class="rtecenter" style="clear: right;"><img alt="Angelina Jolie, BRCA Gene, Preventative Cancer Surgery" src="//cdn.greenmedinfo.com/sites/default/files/ckeditor/lrossi/images/angelina_jolie_bcra_greenmedinfo(1).jpg" style="width: 600px; height: 400px;" /></p><p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/angelina-jolie-brca-gene-preventive-cancer-surgery" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/angelina-jolie-brca-gene-preventive-cancer-surgery#comments Breast Cancer Breast Cancer: BRCA1 Ovarian Cancer Cancer Mastectomy Oophorectomy Agelina Jolie angelina jolie brca BRCA Gene Breast Cancer ovarian cancer Preventative Cancer Surgery Thu, 28 May 2015 16:11:35 +0000 drdach 117805 at https://greenmedinfo.com BRCA1 and BRCA2 as molecular targets for phytochemicals indole-3-carbinol and genistein in breast and prostate cancer cells. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/brca1-and-brca2-molecular-targets-phytochemicals-indole-3-carbinol-and-geniste PMID:  Br J Cancer. 2006 Feb 13 ;94(3):407-26. PMID: 16434996 Abstract Title:  BRCA1 and BRCA2 as molecular targets for phytochemicals indole-3-carbinol and genistein in breast and prostate cancer cells. Abstract:  Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and genistein are naturally occurring chemicals derived from cruciferous vegetables and soy, respectively, with potential cancer prevention activity for hormone-responsive tumours (e.g., breast and prostate cancers). Previously, we showed that I3C induces BRCA1 expression and that both I3C and BRCA1 inhibit oestrogen (E2)-stimulated oestrogen receptor (ER-alpha) activity in human breast cancer cells. We now report that both I3C and genistein induce the expression of both breast cancer susceptibility genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) in breast (MCF-7 and T47D) and prostate (DU-145 and LNCaP) cancer cell types, in a time- and dose-dependent fashion. Induction of the BRCA genes occurred at low doses of I3C (20 microM) and genistein (0.5-1.0 microM), suggesting potential relevance to cancer prevention. A combination of I3C and genistein gave greater than expected induction of BRCA expression. Studies using small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and BRCA expression vectors suggest that the phytochemical induction of BRCA2 is due, in part, to BRCA1. Functional studies suggest that I3C-mediated cytoxicity is, in part, dependent upon BRCA1 and BRCA2. Inhibition of E2-stimulated ER-alpha activity by I3C and genistein was dependent upon BRCA1; and inhibition of ligand-inducible androgen receptor (AR) activity by I3C and genistein was partially reversed by BRCA1-siRNA. Finally, we provide evidence suggesting that the phytochemical induction of BRCA1 expression is due, in part, to endoplasmic reticulum stress response signalling. These findings suggest that the BRCA genes are molecular targets for some of the activities of I3C and genistein. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/brca1-and-brca2-molecular-targets-phytochemicals-indole-3-carbinol-and-geniste#comments Breast Cancer Breast Cancer: BRCA1 Genistein Indole-3-Carbinol Prostate Cancer Chemopreventive Estrogen Receptor Modulators In Vitro Study Sun, 22 Jun 2014 19:17:43 +0000 greenmedinfo 112989 at https://greenmedinfo.com Epstein-Barr virus-specific methylation of human genes in gastric cancer cells. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/epstein-barr-virus-specific-methylation-human-genes-gastric-cancer-cells PMID:  Infect Agent Cancer. 2010 ;5:27. Epub 2010 Dec 31. PMID: 21194482 Abstract Title:  Epstein-Barr virus-specific methylation of human genes in gastric cancer cells. Abstract:  BACKGROUND: Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is found in 10% of all gastric adenocarcinomas but its role in tumor development and maintenance remains unclear. The objective of this study was to examine EBV-mediated dysregulation of cellular factors implicated in gastric carcinogenesis.METHODS: Gene expression patterns were examined in EBV-negative and EBV-positive AGS gastric epithelial cells using a low density microarray, reverse transcription PCR, histochemical stains, and methylation-specific DNA sequencing. Expression of PTGS2 (COX2) was measured in AGS cells and in primary gastric adenocarcinoma tissues.RESULTS: In array studies, nearly half of the 96 human genes tested, representing 15 different cancer-related signal transduction pathways, were dysregulated after EBV infection. Reverse transcription PCR confirmed significant impact on factors having diverse functions such as cell cycle regulation (IGFBP3, CDKN2A, CCND1, HSP70, ID2, ID4), DNA repair (BRCA1, TFF1), cell adhesion (ICAM1), inflammation (COX2), and angiogenesis (HIF1A). Demethylation using 5-aza-2&#039;-deoxycytidine reversed the EBV-mediated dysregulation for all 11 genes listed here. For some promoter sequences, CpG island methylation and demethylation occurred in an EBV-specific pattern as shown by bisulfite DNA sequencing. Immunohistochemistry was less sensitive than was western blot for detecting downregulation of COX2 upon EBV infection. Virus-related dysregulation of COX2 levels in vitro was not recapitulated in vivo among naturally infected gastric cancer tissues.CONCLUSIONS: EBV alters human gene expression in ways that could contribute to the unique pathobiology of virus-associated cancer. Furthermore, the frequency and reversability of methylation-related transcriptional alterations suggest that demethylating agents have therapeutic potential for managing EBV-related carcinoma. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/epstein-barr-virus-specific-methylation-human-genes-gastric-cancer-cells#comments Breast Cancer: BRCA1 Gastric Cancer Epstein-Barr Virus In Vitro Study Sun, 22 Jun 2014 19:10:22 +0000 greenmedinfo 112986 at https://greenmedinfo.com Gestational exposure to the AhR agonist 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin induces BRCA-1 promoter hypermethylation and reduces BRCA-1 expression in mammary tissue of rat offspring: Preventive effects of resveratrol. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/gestational-exposure-ahr-agonist-2378-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induces-brca PMID:  Mol Carcinog. 2013 Oct 17. Epub 2013 Oct 17. PMID: 24136580 Abstract Title:  Gestational exposure to the AhR agonist 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin induces BRCA-1 promoter hypermethylation and reduces BRCA-1 expression in mammary tissue of rat offspring: Preventive effects of resveratrol. Abstract:  Studies with murine models suggest that maternal exposure to aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists may impair mammary gland differentiation and increase the susceptibility to mammary carcinogenesis in offspring. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for these perturbations remain largely unknown. Previously, we reported that the AhR agonists 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) induced CpG methylation of the breast cancer-1 (BRCA-1) gene and reduced BRCA-1 expression in breast cancer cell lines. Based on the information both the human and rat BRCA-1 genes harbor xenobiotic responsive elements (XRE = 5&#039;-GCGTG-3&#039;), which are binding targets for the AhR, we extended our studies to the analysis of offspring of pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats treated during gestation with TCDD alone or in combination with the dietary AhR antagonist resveratrol (Res). We report that the in utero exposure to TCDDincreased the number of terminal end buds (TEB) and reduced BRCA-1 expression in mammary tissue of offspring. The treatment with TCDD induced occupancy of the BRCA-1 promoter by DNA methyltransferase-1 (DNMT-1), CpG methylation of the BRCA-1 promoter, and expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependentkinase-4 (CDK4). These changes were partially overridden by pre-exposure to Res, which stimulated the expression of the AhR repressor (AhRR) and its recruitment to the BRCA-1 gene. These findings point to maternal exposure to AhR agonists as a risk factor for breast cancer in offspring through epigenetic inhibition of BRCA-1 expression, whereas dietary antagonists of the AhR may exert protective effects. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/gestational-exposure-ahr-agonist-2378-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induces-brca#comments Breast Cancer: BRCA1 Fetal Origin of Adult Disease 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) Animal Study Sun, 22 Jun 2014 19:15:11 +0000 greenmedinfo 112988 at https://greenmedinfo.com Is BRCA ("Breast Cancer Gene") A Death Sentence? https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/brca-breast-cancer-gene-death-sentence <div class="copyright">This article is copyrighted by GreenMedInfo LLC, 2015<br/><strong><a href="/greenmedinfocom-re-post-guidelines">Visit our Re-post guidelines</a></strong></div><p class="rtecenter" dir="ltr"><img alt="" src="//cdn.greenmedinfo.com/sites/default/files/ckeditor/Sayer Ji/images/brca_death_sentence.jpg" style="width: 600px; height: 400px; border-width: 2px; border-style: solid;" /></p> <p dir="ltr"><span style="font-size:16px;"><em><strong>What we think we know about the BRCA (<u>B</u>reast <u>C</u>ancer <u>S</u>usceptibility <u>A</u>ssociated) genes causing cancer is patently false, according to a new meta-analysis on the extant literature on the subject of these gene variations on breast cancer survival prognosis. &nbsp;</strong></em></span></p><p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/brca-breast-cancer-gene-death-sentence" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/brca-breast-cancer-gene-death-sentence#comments BRCA1/BRCA2: Prevalence Breast Cancer Breast Cancer: BRCA1 Breast Cancer: Prevention Ovarian Borderline Tumors (BOTs) Ovarian Cancer Cancer Health Guide: Breast Cancer BRCA MYTH Health Myths Explored Thu, 02 Apr 2015 14:25:41 +0000 Sayer Ji 116588 at https://greenmedinfo.com Oral selenium is a good candidate for chemoprevention in women who carry a mutation in the BRCA1 gene. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/oral-selenium-good-candidate-chemoprevention-women-who-carry-mutation-brca1-ge PMID:  Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2005 May ;14(5):1302-6. PMID: 15894690 Abstract Title:  Increased rates of chromosome breakage in BRCA1 carriers are normalized by oral selenium supplementation. Abstract:  Women who are born with constitutional heterozygous mutations of the BRCA1 gene face greatly increased risks of breast and ovarian cancer. The product of the BRCA1 gene is involved in the repair of double-stranded DNA breaks and it is believed that increased susceptibility to DNA breakage contributes to the cancer phenotype. It is hoped therefore that preventive strategies designed to reduce chromosome damage will also reduce the rate of cancer in these women. To test for increased mutagenicity of cells from BRCA1 carriers, the frequency of chromosome breaks was measured in cultured blood lymphocytes following in vitro exposure to bleomycin in female BRCA1 carriers and was compared with noncarrier relatives. The frequency of chromosome breaks was also measured in BRCA1 carriers following oral selenium supplementation. Carriers of BRCA1 mutations showed significantly greater mean frequencies of induced chromosome breaks per cell than did healthy noncarrier relatives (0.58 versus 0.39; P https://greenmedinfo.com/article/oral-selenium-good-candidate-chemoprevention-women-who-carry-mutation-brca1-ge#comments Breast Cancer: BRCA1 DNA damage Selenium Antioxidants Chemopreventive Genoprotective Risk Reduction Sodium Selenite Supplementation Human Study Fri, 10 Jul 2015 14:17:20 +0000 greenmedinfo 118891 at https://greenmedinfo.com Ovarian Cancer: What We Think We Know May Harm Us https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/ovarian-cancer-what-we-think-we-know-may-harm-us <div class="copyright">This article is copyrighted by GreenMedInfo LLC, 2015<br/><strong><a href="/greenmedinfocom-re-post-guidelines">Visit our Re-post guidelines</a></strong></div><p class="rtecenter"><img alt="Ovarian Cancer: What We Think We Know May Harm Us" src="//cdn.greenmedinfo.com/sites/default/files/ckeditor/Sayer Ji/images/ovarian_cancer_harms_diagnosis.jpg" style="height: 365px; width: 550px;" /></p> <p><em><strong>What do we really know about ovarian cancer risk and the 'gene mutations' considered largely responsible for increasing it? The answer is quite surprising and opens up the possibility for a radical change in how we diagnosis and treat the most lethal gynecological cancer in existence.&nbsp; </strong></em></p> <p>Ovarian cancer strikes fear into the hearts of women, their families, and their doctors, alike. &nbsp;Risks of false positive diagnosis leading to a treatment that has been demonstrated to result in the worst outcomes of any gynecologic cancer have led&nbsp; the <em>U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) </em>to recommend against routine screening.<a href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title="">[1]</a></p><p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/ovarian-cancer-what-we-think-we-know-may-harm-us" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/ovarian-cancer-what-we-think-we-know-may-harm-us#comments Breast Cancer: BRCA1 Cancer Stem Cells Chemotherapy Curcumin Green Tea Ovarian Cancer Ovarian Cancer Stem Cell Ovarian Cancer: Estrogen Induced Ovarian Cancer: Overdiagnosis Ovarian Cysts Resveratrol Cancer BRCA MYTH Mon, 23 Jun 2014 12:40:08 +0000 Sayer Ji 112995 at https://greenmedinfo.com Prolonged periods of sedentary behavior are associated with significantly lower BRCA1 mRNA expression. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/prolonged-periods-sedentary-behavior-are-associated-significantly-lower-brca1- PMID:  Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2015 Nov 2. Epub 2015 Nov 2. PMID: 26526989 Abstract Title:  Uninterrupted sedentary behavior downregulates BRCA1 gene expression. Abstract:  BRCA1 mutation carriers face a high lifetime risk of developing breast cancer. Physical activity induces broad transcriptional changes and multiple studies have documented its beneficial effects across cancers. Since haploinsufficiency predisposes to breast cancer in these women, factors that increase BRCA1 levels may mitigate the effect of the mutation. Whether physical activity modulates BRCA1 expression, and whether lifestyle factors could benefit women with a mutation remains unclear. The objective of this study was to systematically evaluate whether physical activity or sedentary behavior affect BRCA1 mRNA expression. Activity levels were assessed in 50 female participants (14 BRCA1 mutation carriers and 36 non-carriers) using the GT3X Actigraph accelerometer, and BRCA1 mRNA expression was quantified from peripheral blood lymphocytes using the Nanostring nCounter Analysis System. There was a significant negative correlation between the longest sedentary bout and BRCA1 mRNA expression (ρ = ─ 0.32; P = 0.02). Women below the median for the longest sedentary bout had significantly higher BRCA1 mRNA levels compared to women above the median (161 vs. 132 counts; P = 0.04; one-sided Mann-Whitney U test). There was no significant relationship between mean Metabolic Equivalents of Task (MET) rate or mean sedentary time and BRCA1 mRNA expression (Spearman correlation P ≥ 0.75; P ≥ 0.14; Mann-Whitney U test). These findings suggest that prolonged periods of sedentary behavior are associated with significantly lower BRCA1 mRNA expression. Whether this translates into a potentially more harmful effect in BRCA1 mutation carriers warrants further investigation. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/prolonged-periods-sedentary-behavior-are-associated-significantly-lower-brca1-#comments Breast Cancer Breast Cancer: BRCA1 Sitting Sickness Exercise Gene Expression Regulation Risk Factors Human Study Tue, 05 Jan 2016 01:35:23 +0000 greenmedinfo 122898 at https://greenmedinfo.com Resveratrol may prevent epigenetic silencing of the BRCA-1 gene by the aromatic hydrocarbon receptor in human breast cancer cells. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/resveratrol-may-prevent-epigenetic-silencing-brca-1-gene-aromatic-hydrocarbon- PMID:  J Nutr. 2010 Sep;140(9):1607-14. Epub 2010 Jul 14. PMID: 20631324 Abstract Title:  Resveratrol prevents epigenetic silencing of BRCA-1 by the aromatic hydrocarbon receptor in human breast cancer cells. Abstract:  The BRCA-1 protein is a tumor suppressor involved in repair of DNA damage. Epigenetic mechanisms contribute to its reduced expression in sporadic breast tumors. Through diet, humans are exposed to a complex mixture of xenobiotics and natural ligands of the aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), which contributes to the etiology of various types of cancers. The AhR binds xenobiotics, endogenous ligands, and many natural dietary bioactive compounds, including the phytoalexin resveratrol (Res). In estrogen receptor- alpha (ER alpha )-positive and BRCA-1 wild-type MCF-7 breast cancer cells, we investigated the influence of AhR activation with the agonist 2,3,7,8 tetrachlorobenzo(p)dioxin (TCDD) on epigenetic regulation of the BRCA-1 gene and the preventative effects of Res. We report that activation and recruitment of the AhR to the BRCA-1 promoter hampers 17 beta -estradiol (E2)-dependent stimulation of BRCA-1 transcription and protein levels. These inhibitory effects are paralleled by reduced occupancy of ER alpha , acetylated histone (AcH)-4, and AcH3K9. Conversely, the treatment with TCDD increases the association of mono-methylated-H3K9, DNA-methyltransferase-1 (DNMT1), and methyl-binding domain protein-2 with the BRCA-1 promoter and stimulates the accumulation of DNA strand breaks. The AhR-dependent repression of BRCA-1 expression is reversed by small interference for the AhR and DNMT1 or pretreatment with Res, which reduces TCDD-induced DNA strand breaks. These results support the hypothesis that epigenetic silencing of the BRCA-1 gene by the AhR is preventable with Res and provide the molecular basis for the development of dietary strategies based on natural AhR antagonists. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/resveratrol-may-prevent-epigenetic-silencing-brca-1-gene-aromatic-hydrocarbon-#comments Breast Cancer Breast Cancer: BRCA1 DNA damage Resveratrol Anticarcinogenic Agents Estrogen Receptor Modulators Epigenetic Modification Stilbenes In Vitro Study Fri, 11 Mar 2011 17:00:05 +0000 greenmedinfo 62585 at https://greenmedinfo.com Simian virus 40 is found at far higher rates in breast tumors and probably contributes to pathogenesis in those tumors. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/simian-virus-40-found-far-higher-rates-breast-tumors-and-probably-contributes- PMID:  Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2009 Jan;113(1):43-58. Epub 2008 Jan 18. PMID: 18205041 Abstract Title:  Evidence for a role of the Simian Virus 40 in human breast carcinomas. Abstract:  AIMS OF THE STUDY: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the Simian Virus 40 (SV40) is implicated in human breast carcinomas (BC). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: SV40 presence was investigated by PCR assays targeting the Tag, the regulatory, and the VP1 regions in 109 invasive breast ductal carcinomas from Tunisian women. We also examined the relationship between the presence of SV40 and promoter methylation status of 15 tumor-related genes. Immunohistochemistry was used to investigate the expression of Tag, estrogen and progesterone receptors, HER2, and P53. RESULTS: SV40 DNA sequences were detected in 22% of tumors and in only 1.8% of the matched non-tumoral tissues. Using immunohistochemistry, SV40 was detected in the tumor cells. Hypermethylation frequencies were 78% for RASSF1A, 66% for SHP1, 61% for HIN1 and BRCA1, 47% for P16 and ER, 42% for CDH1 and APC, 40% for BLU, 35% for DAPK, 34% for RARbeta2, 27% for GSTP1, 17% for TIMP3, 14% for CCND2, and 8% for hMLH1. Interestingly, the frequencies of RASSF1A, SHP1, BRCA1, and TIMP3 methylation, and the mean of the methylation index (MI) were significantly higher in SV40-positive than in SV40-negative cases (P-values ranging from 0.043 to 0.003). Moreover, SV40 presence correlates with P53 protein accumulation (32.7% vs. 13.3%; P=0.015) and HER2 low expression (3.7% vs. 28%; P=0.008). We also found SV40 more frequently in patients over 50 years than in younger patients (34.8% vs. 12.3%; P=0.006). CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to demonstrate the presence of SV40 in human BC and provides data supporting a role for this virus in the pathogenesis of these tumors. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/simian-virus-40-found-far-higher-rates-breast-tumors-and-probably-contributes-#comments Breast Cancer Breast Cancer: BRCA1 Cancer Metastasis Simian virus 40 (SV40) Oncoviruses Human Study Sat, 17 Apr 2010 17:54:09 +0000 greenmedinfo 54952 at https://greenmedinfo.com Suppression of breast cancer invasion and migration by indole-3-carbinol: associated with up-regulation of BRCA1 and E-cadherin/catenin complexes. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/suppression-breast-cancer-invasion-and-migration-indole-3-carbinol-associated- PMID:  J Mol Med (Berl). 2000 ;78(3):155-65. PMID: 10868478 Abstract Title:  Suppression of breast cancer invasion and migration by indole-3-carbinol: associated with up-regulation of BRCA1 and E-cadherin/catenin complexes. Abstract:  Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) is a compound occurring naturally in cruciferous vegetables and has been indicated as a promising agent in preventing breast cancer development and progression. In the present study we have investigated the effect of I3C on the cell migration and invasion behavior in estrogen receptor positive MCF-7 and estrogen receptor negative MDA-MB-468 human breast cancer cell lines. Both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 were poorly invasive cell lines and exhibited modest invasion and migration capacity in the presence of fibronectin as the chemoattractant. I3C (50 or 100 microM) elicited a significant inhibition of in vitro cell adhesion, migration, and invasion as well as in vivo lung metastasis formation in both cell lines. I3C also suppressed the 17beta-estradiol stimulated migration and invasion in estrogen-responsive MCF-7 cells. These results indicate that anti-invasion and antimigration activities of I3C occur via estrogen-independent and estrogen-dependent pathways. Moreover, I3C significantly caused a dose-dependent increase in E-cadherin, three major catenins (alpha, beta, and gamma-catenin) and BRCA1 expression. Our current finding is the first demonstration that I3C can activate the function of invasion suppressor molecules associated with the suppression of invasion and migration in breast cancer cells. Thus, clinical application of I3C may contribute to the potential benefit for suppression of breast cancer invasion and metastasis. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/suppression-breast-cancer-invasion-and-migration-indole-3-carbinol-associated-#comments Breast Cancer Breast Cancer: BRCA1 Cancer Metastasis Indole-3-Carbinol Lung Cancer Anticarcinogenic Agents In Vitro Study Sun, 22 Jun 2014 19:19:32 +0000 greenmedinfo 112990 at https://greenmedinfo.com Survivin could be an important target of cucurbitacin B in BRCA1 defective breast cancer cells. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/survivin-could-be-important-target-cucurbitacin-b-brca1-defective-breast-cance PMID:  PLoS One. 2013 ;8(2):e55732. Epub 2013 Feb 5. PMID: 23393598 Abstract Title:  The effectiveness of cucurbitacin B in BRCA1 defective breast cancer cells. Abstract:  Cucurbitacin B (CuB) is one of the potential agents for long term anticancer chemoprevention. Cumulative evidences has shown that cucurbitacin B provides potent cellular biological activities such as hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects, but the precise mechanism of this agent is not clearly understood. We examine the biological effects on cancer cells of cucurbitacin B extracted from a Thai herb, Trichosanthes cucumerina L. The wild type (wt) BRCA1, mutant BRCA1, BRCA1 knocked-down and BRCA1 overexpressed breast cancer cells were treated with the cucurbitacin B and determined for the inhibitory effects on the cell proliferation, migration, invasion, anchorage-independent growth. The gene expressions in the treated cells were analyzed for p21/(Waf1), p27(Kip1) and survivin. Our previous study revealed that loss of BRCA1 expression leads to an increase in survivin expression, which is responsible for a reduction in sensitivity to paclitaxel. In this work, we showed that cucurbitacin B obviously inhibited knocked-down and mutant BRCA1 breast cancer cells rather than the wild type BRCA1 breast cancer cells in regards to the cellular proliferation, migration, invasion and anchorage-independent growth. Furthermore, forcing the cells to overexpress wild type BRCA1 significantly reduced effectiveness of cucurbitacin B on growth inhibition of the endogenous mutant BRCA1 cells. Interestingly, cucurbitacin B promotes the expression of p21/(Waf1) and p27(Kip1) but inhibit the expression of survivin. We suggest that survivin could be an important target of cucurbitacin B in BRCA1 defective breast cancer cells. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/survivin-could-be-important-target-cucurbitacin-b-brca1-defective-breast-cance#comments Breast Cancer Breast Cancer: BRCA1 Cucurbitacin B Anti-metastatic Antiproliferative P21 Activation Survivin Down-Regulation BRCA Gene In Vitro Study Thu, 21 Jul 2016 01:05:06 +0000 greenmedinfo 130479 at https://greenmedinfo.com The onset of BC in this population can be influenced by reproductive factors such as the number of pregnancies and the use of oral contraceptives. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/onset-bc-population-can-be-influenced-reproductive-factors-such-number-pregnan PMID:  Mol Genet Genomic Med. 2016 Mar ;4(2):172-7. Epub 2015 Dec 10. PMID: 27066510 Abstract Title:  Effect of lifestyle and reproductive factors on the onset of breast cancer in female BRCA 1 and 2 mutation carriers. Abstract:  BACKGROUND: The birth year-dependent onset of breast cancer (BC) in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers suggests a risk-modifying role for reproductive and life style factors. We therefore examined possible associations between these factors and age at diagnosis.METHODS: Cox regression analysis and log-Rank testing were used to estimate the effect of potential life style factors on the onset of BC in 197 BRCA mutation carriers.RESULTS: Nulliparous BRCA mutation carriers developed BC earlier than those who had delivered (36.4 vs. 40.9; P = 0.001). Similarly, smokers and women who had used oral contraceptives experienced an earlier cancer onset (39.0 vs. 41.4; P = 0.05 and 39.3 vs. 44.9; P = 0.0001, respectively). In multivariate analysis, oral contraceptive use (HR: 1.7; P = 0.006) and birth cohort ( https://greenmedinfo.com/article/onset-bc-population-can-be-influenced-reproductive-factors-such-number-pregnan#comments BRCA1/BRCA2: Prevalence Breast Cancer: BRCA1 Oral Contraceptives Risk Factors Human Study Fri, 15 Apr 2016 22:58:04 +0000 greenmedinfo 126130 at https://greenmedinfo.com The “Deadly Breast Cancer Gene” Is A Myth, Lancet Study Confirms https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/deadly-breast-cancer-gene-myth-lancet-study-confirms <div class="copyright">This article is copyrighted by GreenMedInfo LLC, 2018<br/><strong><a href="/greenmedinfocom-re-post-guidelines">Visit our Re-post guidelines</a></strong></div><p class="rtecenter"><img alt="The “Deadly Breast Cancer Gene” Is A Myth, Lancet Study Confirms" src="//cdn.greenmedinfo.com/sites/default/files/ckeditor/Sayer Ji/images/deadly_brca_myth_breast_cancer_greenmedinfo.jpg" style="width: 600px; height: 480px;" /></p> <p><span style="font-size:22px;"><em><strong>A powerful new Lancet study reveals that the so-called breast cancer susceptibility genes -- BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 -- do not, in fact, cause breast cancer.&nbsp; Jolie's prophylactic mastectomy, for instance, was for naught.&nbsp;</strong></em></span></p><p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/deadly-breast-cancer-gene-myth-lancet-study-confirms" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/blog/deadly-breast-cancer-gene-myth-lancet-study-confirms#comments Breast Cancer Breast Cancer: BRCA1 Breast Cancer: Conventional Treatment Oophorectomy (Ovariectomy) Overdiagnosis X-ray Mammography X-ray Mammography: Digital Fri, 12 Jan 2018 22:33:17 +0000 Sayer Ji 158360 at https://greenmedinfo.com