Diabetes: Cancer Risk https://greenmedinfo.com/taxonomy/term/74202/all en In this Italian population the excess risk of digestive cancers for diabetic patients was confirmed. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/italian-population-excess-risk-digestive-cancers-diabetic-patients-was-confirm PMID:  J Diabetes Complications. 2015 Jul 20. Epub 2015 Jul 20. PMID: 26275864 Abstract Title:  Diabetes mellitus and cancer of the digestive organs: An Italian population-based cohort study. Abstract:  AIMS: The association between diabetes mellitus and the occurrence of digestive organs cancers was investigated in the Italian region Friuli Venezia Giulia. The risk of cancer associated with oral antidiabetic drugs among subjects with type 2 diabetes was also assessed.METHODS: This was a retrospective population-based cohort study based on the 2002-2014 regional administrative health data. Incident digestive cancers were identified through the hospital discharge diagnoses. The incidence rates of cancer at different sites were calculated for type 1 and 2 diabetics and for non-diabetics. Proportional hazard models were built to assess the risk of cancer associated with diabetes and antidiabetic drugs.RESULTS: Diabetes was associated with increased risk of digestive cancers. Liver and pancreatic cancers were associated with the highest hazard ratios. Among type 2 diabetics, total number of metformin prescriptions was associated with reduced risk of most types of digestive cancers; sulfonylureas with reduced risk of stomach and pancreatic cancer.CONCLUSIONS: In this Italian population the excess risk of digestive cancers for diabetic patients was confirmed. Further research is needed to clarify the role of antidiabetic drugs. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/italian-population-excess-risk-digestive-cancers-diabetic-patients-was-confirm#comments Diabetes: Cancer Risk Digestive System Cancer Risk Factors Human Study Mon, 24 Aug 2015 20:41:14 +0000 greenmedinfo 119974 at https://greenmedinfo.com In this study, cancer patients with pre-existing diabetes experience higher mortality than cancer patients without diabetes. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/study-cancer-patients-pre-existing-diabetes-experience-higher-mortality-cancer PMID:  Diabetologia. 2014 May ;57(5):927-34. Epub 2014 Mar 15. PMID: 24633676 Abstract Title:  Mortality after cancer among patients with diabetes mellitus: effect of diabetes duration and treatment. Abstract:  AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The prognostic role of different diabetes treatment types has not been studied in detail. We compared mortality rates among cancer patients with and without diabetes, accounting for diabetes treatment and diabetes duration.METHODS: This register-based study included all cancer patients diagnosed in Denmark during 1995-2009. The patients were classified into four groups according to diabetes status at the time of cancer diagnosis: no diabetes, diabetes without medication, diabetes with only oral hypoglycaemic agent (OHA) or diabetes with insulin treatment. Poisson models were used to examine the association between pre-existing diabetes in cancer patients and mortality relative to the non-diabetic cancer population.RESULTS: Among 426,129 patients with incident cancer, we identified 42,205 patients with diabetes prior to cancer diagnosis. Overall, cancer patients with diabetes had higher mortality rates than non-diabetic cancer patients, highest among OHA- or insulin-treated patients. For all cancers combined and diabetes duration of 2 years at cancer diagnosis, insulin-treated patients experienced the highest mortality rate ratios starting from 3.7 (95% CI 2.7, 5.1) for men and 4.4 (3.1, 6.5) for women 1 year after cancer diagnosis, increasing to 5 (3.5, 7.0) for men and 6.5 (4.2, 9.3) for women 9 years after cancer diagnosis.CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Our study provides strong evidence that cancer patients with pre-existing diabetes experience higher mortality than cancer patients without diabetes. The higher mortality seen among cancer patients treated with OHAs or insulin is in accordance with the existing evidence that more intensive diabetes treatment reflects a larger degree of comorbidity at the time of cancer diagnosis, and hence poorer survival. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/study-cancer-patients-pre-existing-diabetes-experience-higher-mortality-cancer#comments Cancer Mortality Diabetes: Cancer Risk Increased Risk Human Study Fri, 28 Aug 2015 21:51:08 +0000 greenmedinfo 120092 at https://greenmedinfo.com Insulin use is associated with increased pancreatic cancer risk in the short-term in diabetics. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/insulin-use-associated-increased-pancreatic-cancer-risk-short-term-diabetics PMID:  Ann Oncol. 2014 Jul 23. Epub 2014 Jul 23. PMID: 25057164 Abstract Title:  Diabetes, antidiabetic medications and pancreatic cancer risk: an analysis from the international pancreatic cancer case-control consortium. Abstract:  BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus has been associated with an excess risk of pancreatic cancer, but the magnitude of the risk and the time-risk relationship are unclear, and there is limited information on the role of antidiabetic medications.PATIENTS AND METHODS: We analyzed individual-level data from 15 case-control studies within the Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium, including 8305 cases and 13,987 controls. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) were estimated from multiple logistic regression models, adjusted for relevant covariates RESULTS: Overall, 1155 (15%) cases and 1087 (8%) controls reported a diagnosis of diabetes two or more years before cancer diagnosis (or interview, for controls), corresponding to an odds ratio (OR) of 1.90 (95% confidence interval, CI, 1.72-2.09). Consistent risk estimates were observed across strata of selected covariates, including body mass index and tobacco smoking. Pancreatic cancer risk decreased with duration of diabetes, but a significant excess risk was still evident 20 or more years after diabetes diagnosis (OR 1.30 95% CI 1.17-2.03). Among diabetics, long duration of oral antidiabetic use was associated with a decreased pancreatic cancer risk (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.14-0.69, for≥15 years). Conversely, insulin use was associated with pancreatic cancer risk in the short-term (OR 5.60, 95% CI 3.75-8.35 for https://greenmedinfo.com/article/insulin-use-associated-increased-pancreatic-cancer-risk-short-term-diabetics#comments Diabetes: Cancer Risk Carcinogenic (suspected) Insulin Human Study Fri, 25 Jul 2014 12:28:41 +0000 greenmedinfo 114246 at https://greenmedinfo.com Preexisting diabetes mellitus may increase the risk of lung cancer, especially among female diabetic patients. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/preexisting-diabetes-mellitus-may-increase-risk-lung-cancer-especially-among-f PMID:  Eur J Cancer. 2013 Jul ;49(10):2411-23. Epub 2013 Apr 3. PMID: 23562551 Abstract Title:  Diabetes mellitus as an independent risk factor for lung cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Abstract:  BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated inconsistent associations between diabetes mellitus and the risk of lung cancer. To determine whether diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of lung cancer, we performed a meta-analysis of observational studies.METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library were searched for observational studies conducted prior to September 2012. We included prospective cohort studies that reported relative risks and case-control studies that showed odds ratios in the analysis. The pooled relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was calculated with a random effects model. Sensitivity analysis was performed with studies which controlled for smoking status. Associations were assessed in several subgroups representing different participant and study characteristics.RESULTS: A total of 34 studies from 24 manuscripts (10 case-control studies and 24 cohort studies) were included in the analyses. Diabetes was significantly associated with the increased risk of lung cancer compared with non-diabetic controls when limiting the analysis to studies adjusting for smoking status (RR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.02-1.20; I(2)=46.1%). By contrast, this association disappeared when the analysis was restricted to studies not adjusting for smoking status (RR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.88-1.11; I(2)=96.7%). When stratifying by sex, an increased risk of lung cancer was prominent in diabetic women (RR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.09-1.20; I(2)=0%), while there was no association in diabetic men (RR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.89-1.28; I(2)=96.6%). Among diabetic women, significantly increased risks of lung cancer were found in the following subgroups: cohort studies (RR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.08-1.20; I(2)=0%), studies controlling for major confounding variables such as age, smoking and alcohol (RR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.00-1.43; I(2)=23.1%), studies with long-term follow-up (RR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.08-1.20; I(2)=0%), and high-quality studies assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (RR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.08-1.20; I(2)=0%).INTERPRETATION: Preexisting diabetes mellitus may increase the risk of lung cancer, especially among female diabetic patients. Further large-scale prospective studies are needed to test specifically the effect of diabetes mellitus on lung cancer risk. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/preexisting-diabetes-mellitus-may-increase-risk-lung-cancer-especially-among-f#comments Diabetes: Cancer Risk Lung Cancer Increased Risk Meta Analysis Fri, 28 Aug 2015 21:29:31 +0000 greenmedinfo 120091 at https://greenmedinfo.com This meta-analysis provides strongest evidence supporting that Type 2 diabetes is significantly inversely associated with risk of developing prostate cancer. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/meta-analysis-provides-strongest-evidence-supporting-type-2-diabetes-significa PMID:  Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2013 Jun ;16(2):151-8, S1. Epub 2012 Oct 2. PMID: 23032360 Abstract Title:  Type 2 diabetes and risk of prostate cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Abstract:  BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence suggests that diabetes may increase the risk of cancers. However, available evidence on prostate cancer is conflicting. We therefore examined the association between Type 2 diabetes and risk of prostate cancer by conducting a detailed meta-analysis of all studies published regarding this subject.METHODS: PubMed database and bibliographies of retrieved articles were searched for epidemiological studies (published between 1970 and 2011), investigating the relationship between Type 2 diabetes and prostate cancer. Pooled risk ratio (RR) was calculated using random-effects model. Subgroup, sensitivity analysis and cumulative meta-analysis were also done.RESULTS: Forty-five studies (29 cohort and 16 case-control studies) involving 8.1 million participants and 132 331 prostate cancer cases detected a significant inverse association between Type 2 diabetes and risk of prostate cancer (RR 0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.80-0.92). For cohort studies alone, the RR was 0.87 (95% CI 0.80-0.94), and for case-control studies alone, the RR was 0.85 (95% CI 0.74-0.96). Sensitivity analysis done by excluding one outlier further strengthened our negative association (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.78-0.87). No evidence of publication bias was observed.CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis provides strongest evidence supporting that Type 2 diabetes is significantly inversely associated with risk of developing prostate cancer. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/meta-analysis-provides-strongest-evidence-supporting-type-2-diabetes-significa#comments Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 Diabetes: Cancer Risk Prostate Cancer Meta Analysis Risk Factors Fri, 28 Aug 2015 00:59:27 +0000 greenmedinfo 120059 at https://greenmedinfo.com This review highlights the interrelationships amongst diabetes, DNA damage, DNA mutation and carcinogenesis. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/review-highlights-interrelationships-amongst-diabetes-dna-damage-dna-mutation- PMID:  Chin Med J (Engl). 2015 Jun 5 ;128(11):1543-8. PMID: 26021514 Abstract Title:  Evidence for DNA damage as a biological link between diabetes and cancer. Abstract:  OBJECTIVE: This review examines the evidence that: Diabetes is a state of DNA damage; pathophysiological factors in diabetes can cause DNA damage; DNA damage can cause mutations; and DNA mutation is linked to carcinogenesis.DATA SOURCES: We retrieved information from the PubMed database up to January, 2014, using various search terms and their combinations including DNA damage, diabetes, cancer, high glucose, hyperglycemia, free fatty acids, palmitic acid, advanced glycation end products, mutation and carcinogenesis.STUDY SELECTION: We included data from peer-reviewed journals and a textbook printed in English on relationships between DNA damage and diabetes as well as pathophysiological factors in diabetes. Publications on relationships among DNA damage, mutagenesis, and carcinogenesis, were also reviewed. We organized this information into a conceptual framework to explain the possible causal relationship between DNA damage and carcinogenesis in diabetes.RESULTS: There are a large amount of data supporting the view that DNA mutation is a typical feature in carcinogenesis. Patients with type 2 diabetes have increased production of reactive oxygen species, reduced levels of antioxidant capacity, and increased levels of DNA damage. The pathophysiological factors and metabolic milieu in diabetes can cause DNA damage such as DNA strand break and base modification (i.e., oxidation). Emerging experimental data suggest that signal pathways (i.e., Akt/tuberin) link diabetes to DNA damage. This collective evidence indicates that diabetes is a pathophysiological state of oxidative stress and DNA damage which can lead to various types of mutation to cause aberration in cells and thereby increased cancer risk.CONCLUSIONS: This review highlights the interrelationships amongst diabetes, DNA damage, DNA mutation and carcinogenesis, which suggests that DNA damage can be a biological link between diabetes and cancer. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/review-highlights-interrelationships-amongst-diabetes-dna-damage-dna-mutation-#comments Cancers: All Diabetes: Cancer Risk DNA damage Oxidative Stress Risk Factors Review Thu, 03 Sep 2015 22:30:34 +0000 greenmedinfo 120204 at https://greenmedinfo.com