Endometritis https://greenmedinfo.com/taxonomy/term/8518/all en Apigenin protected against lipopolysaccharide induced endometritis. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/apigenin-protected-against-lipopolysaccharide-induced-endometritis PMID:  Microb Pathog. 2018 Jun 19 ;123:139-143. Epub 2018 Jun 19. PMID: 29928944 Abstract Title:  Protective effects of apigenin on LPS-induced endometritis via activating Nrf2 signaling pathway. Abstract:  Endometritis is a puzzling disease that often associates with severe pelvic pain. In this study, we aimed to detect whether apigenin had protective effect against LPS-induced endometritis, if so, the underlying mechanism was further investigated. Apigenin was administrated 1 h before LPS treatment. The levels of inflammatory cytokines were measured by ELISA. The expression of NF-κB and Nrf2 were detected by Western blot analysis. The results showed that LPS treatment induced severe histological alteration of uterus and this change was attenuated by the treatment ofapigenin. Apigenin significantly attenuated LPS-induced MPO activity, MDA content, and inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β production. LPS-induced NF-κB activation was suppressed by apigenin. Furthermore, apigenin elevated the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in uterine tissues. In conclusion, thepresent study demonstrated that apigenin protected against LPS-induced endometritis through activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway and inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/apigenin-protected-against-lipopolysaccharide-induced-endometritis" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/apigenin-protected-against-lipopolysaccharide-induced-endometritis#comments Apigenin Endometritis Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Toxicity Anti-Inflammatory Agents Antioxidants Heme oxygenase-1 up-regulation Interleukin-1 beta downregulation Malondialdehyde Down-regulation Nrf2 activation Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Alpha Inhibitor In Vitro Study Wed, 11 Jul 2018 15:16:22 +0000 greenmedinfo 167175 at https://greenmedinfo.com Astragaloside IV might become a promising potential anti-inflammatory agent for endometritis and other inflammatory diseases. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/astragaloside-iv-might-become-promising-potential-anti-inflammatory-agent-endo PMID:  Molecules. 2019 Jan 21 ;24(2). Epub 2019 Jan 21. PMID: 30669661 Abstract Title:  Protective Effects of Astragaloside IV against LPS-Induced Endometritis in Mice through Inhibiting Activation of the NF-κB, p38 and JNK Signaling Pathways. Abstract:  Endometritis, inflammation of the endometrium, is a common reproductive obstacle disease that can lead to infertility in female animals. Astragaloside IV (AS IV), one of the major and active components of the(Fisch.) Bunge, is known for its anti-inflammatory effects. In the present study, the effects and mechanisms of AS IV on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endometritis were investigated using a mouse model. Female mice were prepared with AS IV (0.01 mg/g) by gavage for six days before being stimulated with LPS. The results showed that the histopathological changes, levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α), concentration of NO, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in LPS-induced uteri were attenuated significantly by pretreatment with AS IV. Furthermore, LPS-induced activations of NF-κB, p38, and JNK signal pathways were suppressed by pretreatment with AS IV. In conclusion, the data provided new evidence that AS IV effectively attenuates LPS-induced endometritis through inhibition of TLR4-mediated NF-κB, p38, and JNK signaling pathways, implying that AS IV might become a promising potential anti-inflammatory agent for endometritis and other inflammatory diseases. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/astragaloside-iv-might-become-promising-potential-anti-inflammatory-agent-endo" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/astragaloside-iv-might-become-promising-potential-anti-inflammatory-agent-endo#comments Astragaloside Endometritis Inflammation Anti-Inflammatory Agents Interleukin-1 beta downregulation NF-kappaB Inhibitor Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Alpha Inhibitor Animal Study Sat, 09 Feb 2019 04:45:23 +0000 greenmedinfo 179374 at https://greenmedinfo.com Baicalin alleviates endometrial inflammatory injury through regulation of tight junction proteins. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalin-alleviates-endometrial-inflammatory-injury-through-regulation-tight-j PMID:  Food Funct. 2022 Jun 20 ;13(12):6522-6533. Epub 2022 Jun 20. PMID: 35640273 Abstract Title:  Baicalin alleviates endometrial inflammatory injury through regulation of tight junction proteins. Abstract:  Endometritis is the foremost reason for reduced reproductive performance, which impedes the establishment of pregnancy in ruminants. Baicalin is extensively acknowledged as a tocolytic drug. However, the preventive effect of baicalin on endometrial inflammatory injury remains unclear. The present study aimed to determine the potential benefits of baicalin on endometrial inflammatory injury in animal and cellular models. The results showed that baicalin alleviated the impairment of tight junctions (TJs) and inflammation in the endometrium induced by LPS treatment. Baicalin increased claudin 3 (CLDN3) and tight junction protein 1 (TJP1) levels in a dose-dependent manner in endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) accompanied by autophagy activation with or without LPS treatment. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that baicalin pretreatment prompted MAP1LC3B-positive structures to surround TJ proteins in the cytoplasm and decreased the abnormal aggregation of CLDN3 and TJP1 in the cytosol of EECs. Activation or blockage of autophagy using pharmacologic methods affected the redistribution of TJ proteins by baicalin pretreatment with LPS treatment. The role of autophagy in the modulation of TJ proteins was also confirmed by ATG7 and TFEB overexpression, as evidenced by accelerated redistribution of CLDN3 and TJP1 from the EEC cytosol to the membrane and a loss of membranous CLDN2 in EECs. These data demonstrate that baicalin influences the redistribution of TJ proteins to maintain the barrier function during LPS-induced endometrial inflammatory injury by regulating autophagy and provides a new therapeutic to potentially prevent embryo loss and endometritis. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalin-alleviates-endometrial-inflammatory-injury-through-regulation-tight-j" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalin-alleviates-endometrial-inflammatory-injury-through-regulation-tight-j#comments Endometritis Flavonoids Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Toxicity Cytoprotective In Vitro Study Wed, 26 Oct 2022 19:28:26 +0000 greenmedinfo 265485 at https://greenmedinfo.com Bovine lactoferrin suppresses inflammatory cytokine expression in endometrial stromal cells in chronic endometritis. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/bovine-lactoferrin-suppresses-inflammatory-cytokine-expression-endometrial-str PMID:  J Reprod Immunol. 2022 Dec ;154:103761. Epub 2022 Nov 8. PMID: 36403531 Abstract Title:  Bovine lactoferrin suppresses inflammatory cytokine expression in endometrial stromal cells in chronic endometritis. Abstract:  Chronic endometritis (CE) is a type of chronic inflammation in the endometrium that is associated with infertility, which is primarily due to implantation failure. Antibiotics are the most common treatment for CE. However, some patients with CE are resistant to antibiotic treatment, while others refuse this treatment. Therefore, we focused on lactoferrin (Lf), which exhibits antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, and studied its effect on inflammation in endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) from patients with CE. Endometrial tissue was collected from patients with CE, and ESCs were isolated and cultured. When ESCs were cultured with bovine lactoferrin (bLf: 1 mg/mL), the mRNA expression of TNF-α(p <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/bovine-lactoferrin-suppresses-inflammatory-cytokine-expression-endometrial-str" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/bovine-lactoferrin-suppresses-inflammatory-cytokine-expression-endometrial-str#comments Endometritis Inflammation Lactoferrin Anti-Bacterial Agents Anti-Inflammatory Agents Interleukin-1 beta downregulation Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Alpha Inhibitor Human Study Human In Vitro Wed, 28 Dec 2022 17:20:39 +0000 greenmedinfo 268562 at https://greenmedinfo.com Curcumin inhibits lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/curcumin-inhibits-lipopolysaccharide-and-lipoteichoic-acid-induced-expression- PMID:  Mol Biol Rep. 2020 Dec ;47(12):10015-10021. Epub 2020 Nov 10. PMID: 33174083 Abstract Title:  Curcumin inhibits lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines and production of PGEin the primary bubaline endometrial stromal cells. Abstract:  Infection of the uterus with Gram-positive Trueperella pyogenes and Gram-negative Escherichia coli is a common cause of postpartum endometritis in the cattle and buffalo and the condition is treated with antimicrobial drugs. The presence of drug residues in the milk and development of resistant bacteria necessitate the evaluation of alternate therapies for endometritis. Accordingly, we tested the immunomodulatory effect of curcumin in the bubaline endometrial stromal cells after treatment with the lipoteichoic acid (LTA) of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Gram-negative E. coli that activate toll-like receptors (TLR-2 and TLR-4, respectively). Confluent primary culture of endometrial stromal cells was treated with LTA (1 µg/mL) and/or LPS (0.1 µg/mL), in the presence or absence of curcumin (30 µM for 24 h). PGEwas assayed in the supernatant and the relative expression of proinflammatory cytokines (PICs) (IL1B, IL6, IL8 and TNFA) transcripts were quantified using real-time PCR. LTA was not effective in stimulating PGEproduction or upregulating the PIC expression except IL8. LTA+LPS increased PGEproduction and upregulated IL6 and IL8 genes. Curcumin inhibited the basal and LTA+LPS induced production of PGEand upregulation of PIC production. It was apparent that LPS, but not LTA, is a potent stimulator of PGEfrom the bubaline endometrial stromal cells. Curcumin downregulated the expression of LPS and/or LTA induced PICs and PGEand may be an alternate to antimicrobial drugs for the therapeutic management of endometritis. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/curcumin-inhibits-lipopolysaccharide-and-lipoteichoic-acid-induced-expression-" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/curcumin-inhibits-lipopolysaccharide-and-lipoteichoic-acid-induced-expression-#comments Curcumin Endometritis Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Toxicity Anti-Inflammatory Agents Postaglandin PGE2 downregulation In Vitro Study Fri, 22 Jan 2021 05:05:24 +0000 greenmedinfo 233279 at https://greenmedinfo.com Effect of Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide on composition of the intestinal flora in mice with acute endometritis. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/effect-inonotus-obliquus-polysaccharide-composition-intestinal-flora-mice-acut PMID:  PLoS One. 2021 ;16(11):e0259570. Epub 2021 Nov 5. PMID: 34739514 Abstract Title:  Effect of Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide on composition of the intestinal flora in mice with acute endometritis. Abstract:  Inonotus obliquus Polysaccharide (IOP) is a large molecule extracted from Inonotus obliqus, a medicinal fungus, which has a wide range of biological activities and has been shown to be associated with inflammation. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether IOP can help to reduce acute endometritis by regulating intestinal flora. We observed pathological changes in mice with endometritis following treatment with IOP and evaluated changes in the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and further studied the effects of IOP on the intestinal flora of endometritis mice using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that IOP improved the condition of uterine tissues and reduced the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Meanwhile, the 16S rRNA sequencing results showed that IOP could regulate the changes in intestinal microflora at the level of genera, possibly by changing the relative abundance of some genera. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/effect-inonotus-obliquus-polysaccharide-composition-intestinal-flora-mice-acut" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/effect-inonotus-obliquus-polysaccharide-composition-intestinal-flora-mice-acut#comments Chaga Mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) Endometritis Anti-Inflammatory Agents Interleukin-1 beta downregulation Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Alpha Inhibitor Polysaccharides Animal Study Sun, 24 Apr 2022 17:41:39 +0000 greenmedinfo 256729 at https://greenmedinfo.com Engeletin alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced endometritis. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/engeletin-alleviates-lipopolysaccharide-induced-endometritis PMID:  J Agric Food Chem. 2016 Aug 10 ;64(31):6171-8. Epub 2016 Jul 28. PMID: 27411287 Abstract Title:  Engeletin Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Endometritis in Mice by Inhibiting TLR4-mediated NF-κB Activation. Abstract:  Engeletin (dihydrokaempferol 3-rhamnoside) is a flavanonol glycoside. It can be found in the skin of white grapes and white wine and is widely distributed in southeast Asia, and the leaves are used in a tea. Here, we explored the impact of engeletin against the inflammatory reaction in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endometritis mouse model. Engeletin treatment significantly attenuated uterus damage and decreased myeloperoxidase activity. ELISA and qPCR assays showed that engeletin dose-dependently suppressed the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Molecular studies also demonstrated that the levels of iNOS, COX-2, and TLR4, along with their downstream molecules MyD88, IRAK1, TRAF6, and TAK1, were also suppressed by engeletin. In addition, engeletin treatment inhibited NF-κB signaling-pathway activation. Moreover, immunofluorescence analysis demonstrated that engeletin suppressed NF-κB-p65 nuclear translocation. These data indicated the protective action of engeletin against LPS-stimulated endometritis in mice via negative regulation of pro-inflammatory mediators via the TLR4-regulated NF-κB pathway. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/engeletin-alleviates-lipopolysaccharide-induced-endometritis" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/engeletin-alleviates-lipopolysaccharide-induced-endometritis#comments Endometritis Flavonoids Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Toxicity Anti-Inflammatory Agents Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors Interleukin-1 beta downregulation Interleukin-6 Downregulation NF-kappaB Inhibitor Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Alpha Inhibitor Animal Study Sun, 25 Jul 2021 20:11:42 +0000 greenmedinfo 243272 at https://greenmedinfo.com Enhanced anti-inflammatory effect of rosmarinic acid by encapsulation and combination with the exosome. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/enhanced-anti-inflammatory-effect-rosmarinic-acid-encapsulation-and-combinatio PMID:  J Reprod Immunol. 2023 Jul 11 ;159:103992. Epub 2023 Jul 11. PMID: 37451160 Abstract Title:  Enhanced anti-inflammatory effect of Rosmarinic acid by encapsulation and combination with the exosome in mice with LPS-induced endometritis through suppressing the TLR4-NLRP3 signaling pathway. Abstract:  The TLR4-NLRP3 signaling pathway plays an essential role in the development of inflammation and especially endometritis. Rosmarinic acid (RA) can have potent anti-inflammatory effects in the drug-loading system. The purpose of this was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of RA loaded to exosomes (RLE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endometritis in mice. RA was loaded into serum-derived exosome, using sonication methods. Animals in the treatment groups were subjected to uterine horn injection of RA, exosome, RA combination with exosome (R+E), and RA loaded to exosome (RLE) in uterine horn by two dosages in each group (5 and 10 mg/kg of RA or exosome), 24 h after inducing endometritis. Histopathological analysis, MPO production, immunohistochemistry, and qPCR were used to determine whether the treatment groups were adequate in controlling inflammation. The results showed that treatment groups, and mainly RLE10 and R10 +E10 groups, could modulate pathological changes, inhibit myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and significantly reduce the gene and protein expression of TLR4, NLRP3, inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α, and lastly, GSDM-D as a pyroptosis factor. In conclusion, RA loaded and combination with exosomes at a dosage of 10 mg/kg (RLE10 and R10 +E10) improved endometritis in mice through a suppressing TLR4-NLRP3 signaling pathway. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/enhanced-anti-inflammatory-effect-rosmarinic-acid-encapsulation-and-combinatio" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/enhanced-anti-inflammatory-effect-rosmarinic-acid-encapsulation-and-combinatio#comments Endometritis Rosemaric Acid Anti-Inflammatory Agents Interleukin-1 beta downregulation Interleukin-18 down-regulation Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Alpha Inhibitor Exosomes Animal Study Wed, 30 Aug 2023 20:20:26 +0000 greenmedinfo 279163 at https://greenmedinfo.com Ferulic acid may be considered as a potential anti-inflammatory drug for curing endometritis. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/ferulic-acid-may-be-considered-potential-anti-inflammatory-drug-curing-endomet PMID:  Res Vet Sci. 2019 Aug 12 ;126:164-169. Epub 2019 Aug 12. PMID: 31499425 Abstract Title:  Ferulic acid inhibits bovine endometrial epithelial cells against LPS-induced inflammation via suppressing NK-κB and MAPK pathway. Abstract:  Endometritis is one of the most common reproductive diseases caused by bacterial infection in the cow. Ferulic acid is a major effective component extracted from Ligusticum wallichii. Ferulic acid displays pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammation and antioxidation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effects of ferulic acid on inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in bovine endometrial epithelial cells (BEECs). BEECs were pretreated with ferulic acid followed by LPS treatment. QRT-PCR analysis showed the mRNA expression of LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokines (IL1B, IL6, TNFA, and IL8) was decreased with ferulic acid pretreatment. Western blot analysis showed that ferulic acid inhibited the degradation of IκB and phosphorylation of NF-κB p65. Ferulic acid suppressed the phosphorylation of MAPKs, including p38 and JNK. All of these results indicated that ferulic acid may be considered as a potential anti-inflammatory drug for curing endometritis. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/ferulic-acid-may-be-considered-potential-anti-inflammatory-drug-curing-endomet" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/ferulic-acid-may-be-considered-potential-anti-inflammatory-drug-curing-endomet#comments Endometritis Ferulic acid Anti-Inflammatory Agents Interleukin-1 beta downregulation Interleukin-6 Downregulation Interleukin-8 downregulation In Vitro Study Thu, 19 Sep 2019 04:00:52 +0000 greenmedinfo 196751 at https://greenmedinfo.com Fisetin ameliorates the inflammation and oxidative stress in lipopolysaccharide-induced endometritis. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/fisetin-ameliorates-inflammation-and-oxidative-stress-lipopolysaccharide-induc PMID:  J Inflamm Res. 2021 ;14:2963-2978. Epub 2021 Jul 5. PMID: 34262322 Abstract Title:  Fisetin Ameliorates the Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Endometritis. Abstract:  Purpose: Fisetin is a natural flavone of polyphenol, which widely exists in many fruits and vegetables and has many pharmacological activities. However, the mechanism involved remains largely unknown. Here, we investigate the mechanisms of fisetin on the inflammatory response and oxidative stress in LPS-induced endometritis model and bovine endometrial epithelial cell line (BEND).Methods: The function of fisetin was analyzed by network pharmacology. Effects of increasing doses of fisetin on inflammation and oxidative stress are studied in BALB/c mice with LPS-induced endometritis. The underlying mechanisms of antioxidant activity of fisetin were further explored in LPS-stimulated BEND cells.Results: The results showed that fisetin significantly alleviated LPS-induced inflammatory injury and oxidative stress both in vivo and in vitro. Further studies found that fisetin greatly inhibited the LPS stimulated TLR4 expression and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), thus reducing the pro-inflammatory mediators secretion. Silencing TLR4 reduced LPS-induced inflammatory responses. Moreover, we observed that fisetin evidently decreased ROS production but activated Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in LPS-stimulated BEND cells. To further explore the role of Nrf2 infisetin-induced HO-1 protein expression, the specific siRNA was used to silence Nrf2 expression. Silencing Nrf2 abrogated the inhibitory effects of fisetin on LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β secretion, NADPH oxidase-4 (Nox4) and ROS production.Conclusion: In conclusion, fisetin effectively protected against LPS-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses which may be closely correlated to inhibition of TLR4-mediated ROS/NF-κB and activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/fisetin-ameliorates-inflammation-and-oxidative-stress-lipopolysaccharide-induc" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/fisetin-ameliorates-inflammation-and-oxidative-stress-lipopolysaccharide-induc#comments Endometritis Fisetin Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Toxicity Anti-Inflammatory Agents Antioxidants Heme oxygenase-1 up-regulation Interleukin-1 beta downregulation Nrf2 activation Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Alpha Inhibitor Animal Study In Vitro Study Sun, 18 Jul 2021 18:07:54 +0000 greenmedinfo 242832 at https://greenmedinfo.com Ginsenoside Rb1 mitigates Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide-induced endometritis. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/ginsenoside-rb1-mitigates-escherichia-coli-lipopolysaccharide-induced-endometr PMID:  Molecules. 2021 Nov 23 ;26(23). Epub 2021 Nov 23. PMID: 34885671 Abstract Title:  Ginsenoside Rb1 MitigatesLipopolysaccharide-Induced Endometritis through TLR4-Mediated NF-κB Pathway. Abstract:  Endometritis is the inflammatory response of the endometrial lining of the uterus and is associated with low conception rates, early embryonic mortality, and prolonged inter-calving intervals, and thus poses huge economic losses to the dairy industry worldwide. Ginsenoside Rb1 (GnRb1) is a natural compound obtained from the roots of, having several pharmacological and biological properties. However, the anti-inflammatory properties of GnRb1 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged endometritis through the TLR4-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway has not yet been researched. This study was planned to evaluate the mechanisms of how GnRb1 rescues LPS-induced endometritis. In the present research, histopathological findings revealed that GnRb1 ameliorated LPS-triggered uterine injury. The ELISA and RT-qPCR assay findings indicated that GnRb1 suppressed the expression level of pro-inflammatory molecules (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) and boosted the level of anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokine. Furthermore, the molecular study suggested that GnRb1 attenuated TLR4-mediated NF-κB signaling. The results demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of GnRb1 in the mouse model of LPS-triggered endometritis via the inhibition of the TLR4-associated NF-κB pathway. Taken together, this study provides a baseline for the protective effect of GnRb1 to treat endometritis in both humans and animals. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/ginsenoside-rb1-mitigates-escherichia-coli-lipopolysaccharide-induced-endometr" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/ginsenoside-rb1-mitigates-escherichia-coli-lipopolysaccharide-induced-endometr#comments Endometritis Escherichia coli Infections Ginsenosides Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Toxicity Anti-Inflammatory Agents Interleukin-1 beta downregulation Interleukin-6 Downregulation NF-kappaB Inhibitor Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Alpha Inhibitor Phytotherapy Plant Extracts Animal Study Tue, 12 Apr 2022 07:50:34 +0000 greenmedinfo 256133 at https://greenmedinfo.com Honokiol inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and apoptosis in bovine endometrial epithelial cells. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/honokiol-inhibits-endoplasmic-reticulum-stress-associated-lipopolysaccharide-i PMID:  Exp Ther Med. 2021 Dec ;22(6):1476. Epub 2021 Oct 22. PMID: 34765017 Abstract Title:  Honokiol inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and apoptosis in bovine endometrial epithelial cells. Abstract:  Honokiol (HKL) has been previously reported to exert anti-inflammatory effects in numerous diseases. However, the role of HKL in endometritis remains unclear. The present study aimed to explore and elucidate the role of HKL in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-inducedmodel of endometritis. Bovine endometrial epithelial cells (bEECs) were pre-treated with HKL at doses of 1, 10 and 20µM, followed by 1 µg/ml LPS. MTT assay was then used to detect cell viability. ELISA was utilized to measure the levels of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in bEECs culture supernatants. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was further performed to examine the mRNA expression levels of these cytokines. Cell apoptosis was observed by TUNEL staining and the levels of Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved caspase 3 and cleaved caspase 9 were assayed by western blotting. Western blotting was also performed to detect the expression levels of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related proteinsactivating transcription factor 6, CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein, inositol-requiring enzyme 1 and cleaved caspase 12 in bEECs. LPS treatment reduced cell viability and HKL treatment improved the viability of bEECs after LPS treatment. The LPS-induced inflammatory response and apoptosis in bEECs were also inhibited by HKL treatment. Additionally, the increased expression of ER stress-related proteins induced by LPS was reversed by HKL treatment. Following stimulation with the ER stress inducer tunicamycin, it was revealed that HKL attenuated ER stress and inhibited LPS-induced inflammatory response and apoptosis in bEECs. In summary, HKL inhibited ER stress associated with LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis in bEECs, providing evidence that HKL can serve to be a novel agent for the treatment of endometritis. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/honokiol-inhibits-endoplasmic-reticulum-stress-associated-lipopolysaccharide-i" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/honokiol-inhibits-endoplasmic-reticulum-stress-associated-lipopolysaccharide-i#comments Endometritis Honokiol Inflammation Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Toxicity Anti-Apoptotic Anti-Inflammatory Agents In Vitro Study Wed, 16 Feb 2022 19:27:54 +0000 greenmedinfo 253390 at https://greenmedinfo.com Icariin alleviates Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide-mediated endometritis. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/icariin-alleviates-escherichia-coli-lipopolysaccharide-mediated-endometritis PMID:  Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Sep 6 ;23(18). Epub 2022 Sep 6. PMID: 36142129 Abstract Title:  Icariin AlleviatesLipopolysaccharide-Mediated Endometritis in Mice by Inhibiting Inflammation and Oxidative Stress. Abstract:  Icariin (ICA) is a naturally occurring phytochemical agent primarily extracted fromMaxim (Family Berberidaceae) with a broad spectrum of bioactivities. Endometritis is a uterine disease that causes enormous losses in the dairy industry worldwide. In this study, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties of ICA were investigated against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endometritis in mice to investigate possible underlying molecular mechanisms. Sixty heathy female Kunming mice were randomly assigned to four groups (= 15), namely control, LPS, LPS + ICA, and ICA groups. The endometritis was induced by intrauterine infusion of 50µL of LPS (1 mg/mL). After 24 h of onset of LPS-induced endometritis, ICA groups were injected thrice by ICA intraperitoneally six hours apart. Histopathological examination, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were used in this study. Histological alterations revealed that ICA markedly mitigated uterine tissue injury caused by LPS. The results showed that the ICA inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1ß, IL-6, and TNF-α) and boosted the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10). Additionally, ICA modulated the expression of malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase 1 (Gpx1) induced by LPS. The administration of ICA significantly (&lt; 0.05) improved the mRNA and protein expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4. The western blotting and ELISA finding revealed that the ICA repressed LPS-triggered NF-κB pathway activation. Moreover, ICA improved the antioxidant defense system via activation of the Nrf2 pathway. The results revealed that ICA up-regulated the mRNA and protein expression of Nuclear erythroid-2-related factor (Nrf2), NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) under LPS exposure. Conclusively, our findings strongly suggested that ICA protects endometritis caused by LPS by suppressing TLR4-associated NF-κB and Nrf2 pathways. Altogether, these innovative findings may pave the way for future studies into the therapeutic application of ICA to protect humans and animals against endometritis. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/icariin-alleviates-escherichia-coli-lipopolysaccharide-mediated-endometritis" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/icariin-alleviates-escherichia-coli-lipopolysaccharide-mediated-endometritis#comments Endometritis Escherichia coli Infections Icariin Inflammation Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Toxicity Oxidative Stress Anti-Inflammatory Agents Antioxidants Interleukin-10 downregulation Interleukin-6 Downregulation Malondialdehyde Down-regulation NF-kappaB Inhibitor Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Alpha Inhibitor Animal Study Tue, 24 Jan 2023 00:55:00 +0000 greenmedinfo 269958 at https://greenmedinfo.com Immunomodulatory effect of curcumin on lipopolysaccharide- and/or flagellin-induced production of prostaglandin E2 and relative expression of proinflammatory cytokines. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/immunomodulatory-effect-curcumin-lipopolysaccharide-andor-flagellin-induced-pr PMID:  Reprod Domest Anim. 2019 Jun ;54(6):917-923. Epub 2019 May 10. PMID: 30972855 Abstract Title:  Immunomodulatory effect of curcumin on lipopolysaccharide- and/or flagellin-induced production of prostaglandin E2 and relative expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the primary bubaline endometrial stromal cells. Abstract:  Developing alternate therapies for bovine endometritis is important in the context of drug residues in the milk and emergence of antimicrobial resistant bacteria. In this regard, we studied the immunomodulatory effect of curcumin 30 µM, on lipopolysaccharide- (LPS) and/or flagellin (100 ng/ml each)-induced prostaglandin E(PGE) and proinflammatory cytokines (PIC) using primary bubaline endometrial stromal cells. After 24 hr treatment, the supernatant was assayed for PGEwhile cells were used for relative quantification of cytokines like IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF α transcripts using a control group as calibrator. LPS was found to possess potent stimulatory effect on PGEproduction, whereas the flagellin was not as potent as LPS in stimulating the PGEproduction either per se or in combination with LPS. LPS markedly up-regulated the transcripts of IL-8 and IL-6 as compared to IL-1β and TNF α in the bubaline endometrial stromal cells. Except for IL-8, flagellin did not up-regulate other PICs. There was no additive effect between LPS and flagellin on the up-regulation of inflammatory cytokines. Curcumin inhibited the LPS-induced up-regulation of PIC with strong down-regulation of IL-8. The inhibitory effects of curcumin on the inflammatory mediators suggest a potential in the treatment of bovine endometritis. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/immunomodulatory-effect-curcumin-lipopolysaccharide-andor-flagellin-induced-pr" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/immunomodulatory-effect-curcumin-lipopolysaccharide-andor-flagellin-induced-pr#comments Curcumin Endometritis Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Toxicity Anti-Inflammatory Agents Immunomodulatory Prostaglandin PGE2 downregulation In Vitro Study Mon, 13 Apr 2020 15:52:06 +0000 greenmedinfo 218470 at https://greenmedinfo.com Luteolin attenuates Staphylococcus aureus-induced endometritis through inhibiting ferroptosis and inflammation. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/luteolin-attenuates-staphylococcus-aureus-induced-endometritis-through-inhibit PMID:  Microbiol Spectr. 2024 Feb 6 ;12(2):e0327923. Epub 2024 Jan 3. PMID: 38169293 Abstract Title:  Luteolin attenuates-induced endometritis through inhibiting ferroptosis and inflammation via activating the Nrf2/GPX4 signaling pathway. Abstract:  Endometritis, a local inflammatory disease, has been known as the most common cause of infertility in mares. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of luteolin on endometritis induced by() and further clarified the possible molecular mechanisms. An-induced endometritis model was established by the infusion ofinto the uterus. Luteolin was intraperitoneally administered to mice 1 h beforetreatment. The results showed that the mice of thegroup showed severe histological changes of uterine tissues, increased myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and elevated TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels. These changes induced bywere dose-dependently inhibited by luteolin. Furthermore, luteolin inhibited MDA and Feproduction and increased the production of GSH decreased by. Luteolin prevented-induced endometrial barrier disruption through up-regulating ZO-1 and occludin expression. Luteolin dramatically inhibited-induced NF-κB activation. The expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 was increased by luteolin. In addition, the inhibitory effects of luteolin on-induced endometritis were reversed in Nrf2 knockdown mice. In conclusion, these data indicated that luteolin protected mice against-induced endometritis through inhibiting inflammation and ferroptosis via regulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway.IMPORTANCEEndometritis is an inflammatory disease of the endometrium, which is a common gynecological disease. Up to now, there is no evidence for the protective effects of luteolin on endometritis. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether luteolin has protective effects against-induced endometritis and attempts to clarify the mechanism. <p><a href="https://greenmedinfo.com/article/luteolin-attenuates-staphylococcus-aureus-induced-endometritis-through-inhibit" target="_blank">read more</a></p> https://greenmedinfo.com/article/luteolin-attenuates-staphylococcus-aureus-induced-endometritis-through-inhibit#comments Endometritis Luteolin Staphylococcus aureus infection Anti-Inflammatory Agents NF-kappaB Inhibitor Nrf2 activation Animal Study Sun, 03 Mar 2024 08:44:13 +0000 greenmedinfo 289173 at https://greenmedinfo.com