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Article Publish Status: FREE
Abstract Title:

Antimalarial Activity ofL. Seed Extracts and Selection of Resistance inANKA in a Mouse Model.

Abstract Source:

J Pathog. 2021 ;2021:6165950. Epub 2021 Feb 3. PMID: 33623718

Abstract Author(s):

Rahma Udu, Job Oyweri, Jeremiah Gathirwa

Article Affiliation:

Rahma Udu

Abstract:

Background: Chemotherapy plays a crucial role in malaria control. However, the main obstacle to treatment has been the rise of parasite resistance to most antimalarial drugs. Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) remain the most effective antimalarial medicines available today. However, malaria parasite tolerance to ACTs is now increasingly prevalent especially in Southeast Asia presenting the danger of the spread of ACTs resistance to other parts of the world. Consequently, this creates the need for alternative effective antimalarials. Therefore, this study sought out to determine antimalarial potential, safety, and resistance development of the extracts in a mouse model.

Method: Methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts were obtained by solvent extraction. The extracts were assayed for acute toxicity. Additionally, the two extracts were evaluated for antimalarial activityagainstANKA strain by the 4-day suppressive test at 500, 250, and 125 mg/kg/day. Packed cell volume was evaluated to determine anemia manifestation. Finally, continuous drug pressure experiment at 500 mg/kg and DNA amplification via PCR were conducted. The amplicons underwent through Sanger sequencing.

Results: There was no toxicity realized in the animals at 2000 mg/kg. Importantly, high parasitemia suppression of 75.52% and 75.30% using a dose of 500 mg/kg of methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts, respectively, was noted. The extracts were able to reverse packed cell volume reduction.-resistant phenotype was selected as delayed parasite clearance. However, there was no change in the nucleotide sequences ofMDR1 andCRT genes.

Conclusion: The results provide room for future exploitation of the plant as an antimalarial.

Study Type : Animal Study

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