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Abstract Title:

Betalains increase vitexin-2-O-xyloside cytotoxicity in CaCo-2 cancer cells.

Abstract Source:

Food Chem. 2017 Mar 1 ;218:356-364. Epub 2016 Sep 17. PMID: 27719921

Abstract Author(s):

F Farabegoli, E S Scarpa, A Frati, G Serafini, A Papi, E Spisni, E Antonini, S Benedetti, P Ninfali

Article Affiliation:

F Farabegoli

Abstract:

Vitexin-2-O-xyloside (XVX) from Beta vulgaris var. cicla L. (BVc) seeds, betaxanthin (R1) and betacyanin (R2) fractions from Beta vulgaris var. rubra L. (BVr) roots were combined and tested for cytotoxicity in CaCo-2 colon cancer cells. XVX was the most cytotoxic molecule, but the combination of XVX with R1 and R2 significantly prolonged its cytotoxicity. Cytotoxicity was mediated by the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, as shown by an increase in Bcl2-like protein 4, cleaved Poly ADP-Ribosyl Polymerase 1 and cleaved Caspase 3 levels with a parallel decrease in anti-apoptotic protein B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 levels. R1 and R2, used alone or in combination, reduced oxidative stress triggered by HOin CaCo-2 cells. Betalains dampened cyclooxygenase-2 and interleukin-8 mRNA expression after lipopolysaccharide induction in CaCo-2, showing an anti-inflammatory action. Our results support the use of a cocktail of R1, R2 and XVX as a chemopreventive tool against colon cancer.

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