Abstract Title:

Coronary intervention for persistent occlusion after myocardial infarction.

Abstract Source:

N Engl J Med. 2006 Dec 7;355(23):2395-407. Epub 2006 Nov 14. PMID: 17105759

Abstract Author(s):

Judith S Hochman, Gervasio A Lamas, Christopher E Buller, Vladimir Dzavik, Harmony R Reynolds, Staci J Abramsky, Sandra Forman, Witold Ruzyllo, Aldo P Maggioni, Harvey White, Zygmunt Sadowski, Antonio C Carvalho, Jamie M Rankin, Jean P Renkin, P Gabriel Steg, Alice M Mascette, George Sopko, Matthias E Pfisterer, Jonathan Leor, Viliam Fridrich, Daniel B Mark, Genell L Knatterud,

Article Affiliation:

Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Leon Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York 10016, USA.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether stable, high-risk patients with persistent total occlusion of the infarct-related coronary artery identified after the currently accepted period for myocardial salvage has passed should undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in addition to receiving optimal medical therapy to reduce the risk of subsequent events.

METHODS: We conducted a randomized study involving 2166 stable patients who had total occlusion of the infarct-related artery 3 to 28 days after myocardial infarction and who met a high-risk criterion (an ejection fraction of<50% or proximal occlusion). Of these patients, 1082 were assigned to routine PCI and stenting with optimal medical therapy, and 1084 were assigned to optimal medical therapy alone. The primary end point was a composite of death, myocardial reinfarction, or New York Heart Association (NYHA) class IV heart failure.

RESULTS: The 4-year cumulative primary event rate was 17.2% in the PCI group and 15.6% in the medical therapy group (hazard ratio for death, reinfarction, or heart failure in the PCI group as compared with the medical therapy group, 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.92 to 1.45; P=0.20). Rates of myocardial reinfarction (fatal and nonfatal) were 7.0% and 5.3% in the two groups, respectively (hazard ratio, 1.36; 95% CI, 0.92 to 2.00; P=0.13). Rates of nonfatal reinfarction were 6.9% and 5.0%, respectively (hazard ratio, 1.44; 95% CI, 0.96 to 2.16; P=0.08); only six reinfarctions (0.6%) were related to assigned PCI procedures. Rates of NYHA class IV heart failure (4.4% vs. 4.5%) and death (9.1% vs. 9.4%) were similar. There was no interaction between treatment effect and any subgroup variable (age, sex, race or ethnic group, infarct-related artery, ejection fraction, diabetes, Killip class, and the time from myocardial infarction to randomization).

CONCLUSIONS: PCI did not reduce the occurrence of death, reinfarction, or heart failure, and there was a trend toward excess reinfarction during 4 years of follow-up in stable patients with occlusion of the infarct-related artery 3 to 28 days after myocardial infarction. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00004562 [ClinicalTrials.gov].).

Study Type : Human Study

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