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Abstract Title:

Direct supplementation with Urolithin A overcomes limitations of dietary exposure and gut microbiome variability in healthy adults to achieve consistent levels across the population.

Abstract Source:

Eur J Clin Nutr. 2021 Jun 11. Epub 2021 Jun 11. PMID: 34117375

Abstract Author(s):

Anurag Singh, Davide D'Amico, Pénélope A Andreux, Gillian Dunngalvin, Timo Kern, William Blanco-Bose, Johan Auwerx, Patrick Aebischer, Chris Rinsch

Article Affiliation:

Anurag Singh

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Urolithin A (UA) is produced by gut microflora from foods rich in ellagitannins. UA has been shown to improve mitochondrial health preclinically and in humans. Not everyone has a microbiome capable of producing UA, making supplementation with UA an appealing strategy.

OBJECTIVE: This is the first detailed investigation of the prevalence of UA producers in a healthy population and the ability of direct UA supplementation to overcome both microbiome and dietary variability. Dietary intake of a glass of pomegranate juice (PJ) was used to assess UA producer status (n = 100 participants) and to characterize differences in gut microbiome between UA producers from non-producers.

METHODS: Subjects were randomized (1:1) to either PJ or a food product containing UA (500 mg). Prevalence of UA producers and non-producers were determined in the PJ group. Diet questionnaires and fecal samples were collected to compare differences between UA producers and non-producers along with plasma samples at different time points to assess levels of UA and its conjugates between the interventions.

RESULTS: Only 12% of subjects had detectable levels of UA at baseline. Following PJ intake ~40% of the subjects converted significantly the precursor compounds into UA. UA producers were distinguished by a significantly higher gut microbiome diversity and ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroides. Direct supplementation with UA significantly increased plasma levels and provided a>6-fold exposure to UA vs. PJ (p < 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS: Differences in gut microbiome and diet that dictate natural exposure to UA can be overcome via direct dietary UA supplementation.

Study Type : Human Study
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