Effect of red wine or its polyphenols on induced apical periodontitis. - GreenMedInfo Summary
Effect of red wine or its polyphenols on induced apical periodontitis in rats.
Int Endod J. 2021 Sep 17. Epub 2021 Sep 17. PMID: 34534374
Renan Dal-Fabbro
AIM: To evaluate the effect of red wine consumption or its polyphenols on the inflammation/resorption processes associated with apical periodontitis in rats.
METHODOLOGY: Thirty-two 3-month-old Wistar rats had the apical periodontitis induced in the four first molars, arranged into four groups: control (C) - rats with apical periodontitis; wine (W) - rats with apical periodontitis receiving 4.28 mL/kg of red wine; resveratrol+quercetin (R+Q) - rats with apical periodontitis receiving 4.28 mL/kg of solution containing 1.00 mg/L of quercetin and 0.86 mg/L of resveratrol; and alcohol (ALC) - rats with apical periodontitis receiving the alcoholic dose contained in the wine. The oral gavage treatments were administered daily, from day 0 to day 45. On the 15day apical periodontitis was induced, and on the 45th day the animals were euthanized; histological, immunohistochemical (RANKL, OPG, TRAP, IL-10, TNF-⍺ and IL-1β), and micro-computed tomography for bone resorption analysis were performed in the jaws. The Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn's test was performed for nonparametric data, and the ANOVA with Tukey's test for parametric data, p<0.05.
RESULTS: The median score of the inflammatory process was significantly lower in the R+Q group (1) compared to the C (2) (p=0.0305) and ALC (3) (p=0.0003) groups, and not different from the W (1.5) group. The immunolabelling for OPG was higher in the R+Q group (p=0.0054) compared to all groups; the same observed for IL-10 (p=0.0185), different from groups C and ALC. The R+Q group had the lowest TRAP cell count (p<0.0001), followed by the W group, both inferior to C and ALC groups. The lowest bone resorption value was in the R+Q group (0.50mm±0.21mm), significantly lower (p=0.0292) than the C group (0.88mm±0.10mm). The W group (0.60 mm±0.25 mm) and R+Q group had less bone resorption compared to the ALC group (0.97mm±0.22mm), p=0.0297 and p=0.0042 respectively.
CONCLUSION: Red wine administration to rats for 15 days before induction of apical periodontitis decreased inflammation, TRAP marking, and periapical bone resorption compared to Alcohol. Resveratrol-quercetin administration reduced the inflammatory process in apical periodontitis, periapical bone resorption, and altered the OPG, IL-10, and TRAP expression compared to Control and Alcohol groups.