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Article Publish Status: FREE
Abstract Title:

Photobiomodulation and Coenzyme QTreatments Attenuate Cognitive Impairment Associated With Model of Transient Global Brain Ischemia in Artificially Aged Mice.

Abstract Source:

Front Cell Neurosci. 2019 ;13:74. Epub 2019 Mar 19. PMID: 30983970

Abstract Author(s):

Farzad Salehpour, Fereshteh Farajdokht, Javad Mahmoudi, Marjan Erfani, Mehdi Farhoudi, Pouran Karimi, Seyed Hossein Rasta, Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad, Michael R Hamblin, Albert Gjedde

Article Affiliation:

Farzad Salehpour

Abstract:

Disturbances in mitochondrial biogenesis and bioenergetics, combined with neuroinflammation, play cardinal roles in the cognitive impairment during aging that is further exacerbated by transient cerebral ischemia. Both near-infrared (NIR) photobiomodulation (PBM) and Coenzyme Q(CoQ) administration are known to stimulate mitochondrial electron transport that potentially may reverse the effects of cerebral ischemia in aged animals. We tested the hypothesis that the effects of PBM and CoQ, separately or in combination, improve cognition in a mouse model of transient cerebral ischemia superimposed on a model of aging. We modeled aging by 6-week administration of D-galactose (500 mg/kg subcutaneous) to mice. We subsequently induced transient cerebral ischemia by bilateral occlusion of the common carotid artery (BCCAO). We treated the mice with PBM (810 nm transcranial laser) or CoQ(500 mg/kg by gavage), or both, for 2 weeks after surgery. We assessed cognitive function by the Barnes and Lashley III mazes and the What-Where-Which (WWWhich) task. PBM or CoQ, and both, improved spatial and episodic memory in the mice. Separately and together, the treatments lowered reactive oxygen species and raised ATP and general mitochondrial activity as well as biomarkers of mitochondrial biogenesis, including SIRT1, PGC-1α, NRF1, and TFAM. Neuroinflammatory responsiveness declined, as indicated by decreased iNOS, TNF-α, and IL-1β levels with the PBM and CoQtreatments. Collectively, the findings of this preclinical study imply that the procognitive effects of NIR PBM and CoQtreatments, separately or in combination, are beneficial in a model of transient global brain ischemia superimposed on a model of aging in mice.

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