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Abstract Title:

Lactobacillus gasseri KS-13, Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1, and Bifidobacterium longum MM-2 Ingestion Induces a Less Inflammatory Cytokine Profile and a Potentially Beneficial Shift in Gut Microbiota in Older Adults

Abstract Source:

J Am Coll Nutr. 2015 ;34(6):459-69. Epub 2015 Apr 24. PMID: 25909149

Abstract Author(s):

Samuel J Spaiser, Tyler Culpepper, Carmelo Nieves, Maria Ukhanova, Volker Mai, Susan S Percival, Mary C Christman, Bobbi Langkamp-Henken

Article Affiliation:

Samuel J Spaiser

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: This study determined whether older adults who consumed a probiotic mixture would have a greater proportion of circulating CD4+ lymphocytes, altered cytokine production, and a shift in intestinal microbiota toward a healthier microbial community.

METHODS: Participants (70± 1 years [mean ± SEM]; n = 32) consumed a probiotic (Lactobacillus gasseri KS-13, Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1, and Bifidobacterium longum MM2) or a placebo twice daily for 3 weeks with a 5-week washout period between intervention periods. Blood and stools were collected before and after each intervention. The percentage of circulating CD4+ lymphocytes and ex vivo mitogen-stimulated cell cytokine production were measured. In stools, specific bacterial targets were quantified via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and community composition was determined via pyrosequencing.

RESULTS: During the first period of the crossover the percentage of CD4+ cells decreased with the placebo (48%± 3% to 31% ± 3%, p<0.01) but did not change with the probiotic (44%± 3% to 42% ± 3%) and log-transformed concentrations of interleukin-10 increased with the probiotic (1.7 ± 0.2 to 3.4 ± 0.2, p<0.0001) but not the placebo (1.7± 0.2 to 2.1 ± 0.2). With the probiotic versus the placebo a higher percentage of participants had an increase in fecal bifidobacteria (48% versus 30%, p<0.05) and lactic acid bacteria (55% versus 43%, p<0.05) and a decrease in Escherichia coli (52% versus 27%, p<0.05). Several bacterial groups matching Faeacalibactierium prausnitzii were more prevalent in stool samples with the probiotic versus placebo.

CONCLUSIONS: The probiotic maintained CD4+ lymphocytes and produced a less inflammatory cytokine profile possibly due to the changes in the microbial communities, which more closely resembled those reported in healthy younger populations.

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