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Abstract Title:

Effects of probiotics on experimental necrotizing enterocolitis -a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Abstract Source:

Pediatr Res. 2017 Sep 26. Epub 2017 Sep 26. PMID: 28949953

Abstract Author(s):

Gayatri Athalye-Jape, Shripada Rao, Sanjay Patole

Article Affiliation:

Gayatri Athalye-Jape

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Meta analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggest that probiotics decrease the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants. Many animal RCTs have evaluated probiotics for preventing NEC. We systematically reviewed the literature on this topic.

METHODS: The protocol for systematic review of animal intervention studies (SYRCLE) was followed. Medline, Embase, ISI Web of Science, e-abstracts from the Pediatric Academic Society meetings and other neonatal conferences were searched in December 2015 and August 2016. RCTs comparing probiotics vs. placebo/no probiotic were included.

RESULTS: A total of 29 RCTs were included (Rats: 16, Mice: 7, Piglets: 3, Quail: 2, Rabbit: 1. N~2310), with 21 reporting on histopathologically confirmed NEC; remaining 8 assessed only pathways of probiotic benefits. Twenty of the 21 RCTs showed that probiotics significantly reduced NEC. Pooling of data was possible for 16/21 RCTs. Meta-analysis using random effects model showed that probiotics significantly decreased the risk of NEC [203/641 (31.7%) vs. 344/571 (60.2%); relative risk: 0.51; 95% confidence interval: 0.42-0.62; P<0.00001; I2=44%; number needed to treat: 4; 95% CI: 2.9, 4.3].

CONCLUSIONS: Probiotics significantly reduced NEC via beneficial effects on immunity, inflammation, tissue injury, gut barrier, and intestinal dysbiosis.Pediatric Research accepted article preview online, 26 September 2017. doi:10.1038/pr.2017.218.

Study Type : Meta Analysis

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