Abstract Title:

Taking non-aspirin NSAIDs in early pregnancy doubles risk of miscarriage, study shows.

Abstract Source:

BMJ. 2011 ;343:d5769. Epub 2011 Sep 9. PMID: 21908536

Abstract Author(s):

Barbara Kermode-Scott

Article Affiliation:

Montreal.

Abstract:

Background: The association between the use of nonaspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) during pregnancy and the risk of spontaneous abortion remains unclear because of inconsistent research results and the lack of evidence for an effect due to spe- cific types or dosages of nonaspirin NSAIDs. We aimed to quantify the association between having a spontaneous abortion and types and dosages of nonaspirin NSAIDs in a cohort of pregnant women.

Methods: Using a nested case–control design, we obtained data from the Quebec Pregnancy Registry for 4705 women who had a spontaneous abortion. For each instance, we randomly selected 10 controls from the remaining women in the registry who were matched by index date (date of the sponta- neous abortion) and gestational age. Use of nonaspirin NSAIDs (identified by filled pre- scriptions) and nonuse were compared. We also looked for associations between different types and dosages of nonaspirin NSAIDs and having a spontaneous abortion. Analyses of associations and adjustment for confounding were done using conditional logistic regression.

Results: We identified 4705 cases of spontaneous abortion (352 exposed [7.5%]); 47 050 controls (1213 exposed [2.6%]). Adjusting for potential confounders, the use of nonaspirin NSAIDs during pregnancy was significantly associated with the risk of spontaneous abor- tion (odds ratio [OR] 2.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.12–2.79). Specifically, use of diclofenac (OR 3.09, 95% CI 1.96–4.87), naproxen (OR 2.64, 95% CI 2.13–3.28), celecoxib (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.42–3.45), ibuprofen (OR 2.19, 95% CI 1.61–2.96) and rofecoxib (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.24–2.70) alone, and combinations thereof (OR 2.64, 95% CI 1.59–4.39), were all associated with increased risk of spontaneous abortion. No dose–response effect was seen.

Interpretation: Gestational exposure to any type or dosage of nonaspirin NSAIDs may increase the risk of spontaneous abortion. These drugs should be used with caution during pregnancy

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