Spirulina

Name	AC	CK
Obesity	16	98
Oxidative Stress	23	50
Hypertension	5	44
Insulin Resistance	4	34
Triglycerides: Elevated	2	30
Metabolic Syndrome X	5	26
Inflammation	13	23
Cardiovascular Diseases	3	22
Dyslipidemias	3	22
HIV Infections	4	22
Cholesterol: High	1	20
Lead Poisoning	9	17
Colitis	4	16
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)	3	14
Endothelial Dysfunction	2	12
Fatigue	2	12
Infertility: Male	2	12
Nutritional Deficiencies	2	12
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease	2	11
Anemia: Sickle Cell	1	10
Athletic Performance	1	10
Carotenoid Deficiency: Zeaxanthin	1	10
Colitis: Mucous	1	10
High Cholesterol	1	10
High Fat Diet	5	10
Irritable Bowel Syndrome	1	10
Leukoplakia	1	10
Mental Fatigue	1	10
Oral Cancer: Prevention	1	10
Quality of Life: Poor	1	10
Thalassemia	1	10
Vitamin A Deficiency	1	10
Cadmium Poisoning	5	9
Liver Cancer	5	9
Hyperglycemia	4	8
Hyperlipidemia	4	8
Wound Healing	5	8
Brain: Oxidative Stress	4	6
Breast Cancer	4	6
Gastric Ulcer	3	6
Kidney Damage: Chemically-Induced	3	6
Memory Disorders	3	6
Pancreatic Cancer	2	6
Pesticide Toxicity	3	6
Testicular Injury: Chemical/Metal Induced	3	6
DNA damage	3	5
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2	3	5
Lipid Peroxidation	3	5
Ovarian Cancer	1	5
Antibiotic Toxicity	2	4
Atherosclerosis	2	4
Chemically-Induced Liver Damage	2	4
Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity: Cyclophosphamide	2	4
Cognitive Decline/Dysfunction	2	4
Diabetes: Oxidative Stress	2	4
Diabetic Complications	2	4
Fluoride Toxicity	2	4
Hypercholesterolemia	2	4
Infertility: Female	2	4
Neurodegenerative Diseases	2	4
Nicotine/Tobacco Toxicity	2	4
Parkinson's Disease	2	4
Schizophrenia	2	4
Spinal Cord Injuries	2	4
Tinnitus	2	4
Tuberculosis Drug Induced Toxicity	2	4
Aging	2	3
Allergic Rhinitis	4	3
Alzheimer's Disease	2	3
Arsenic Poisoning	2	3
Brain Inflammation	2	3
Cancers: All	2	3
Influenza A	2	3
Lung Cancer	3	3
Mercury Poisoning	2	3
Periodontitis	2	3
Skin Cancer	2	3
Vitamin B 12 Deficiency	2	3
Vulvar Cancer	1	3
Acrylamide-induced toxicity	1	2
Aflatoxicosis	1	2
Aging: Brain	1	2
Alcohol Toxicity	1	2
Alcoholic Liver Disease	1	2
Aluminum Toxicity	1	2
Animal Diseases: Infectious	1	2
Arthritis	1	2
Aspirin-Induced Toxicity	1	2
Benzo[a]pyrene-induced Toxicity	1	2
Bone Diseases	1	2
Brain: Microglial Activation	1	2
Cardiotoxicity: Chemotherapy-Induced	1	2
Cardiovascular Disease: Prevention	1	2
Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity: Doxorubicin	1	2
Childhood Stress	1	2
Colon Cancer	2	2
Colon Cancer: Prevention	1	2
Colon Polyps	1	2
Constipation	1	2
Cystitis	1	2
Cytomegalovirus Infections	2	2
Dementia	1	2
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1	1	2
Diabetic Neuropathy	1	2
Drug-Induced Toxicity: Methotrexate	1	2
Dysbiosis	1	2
Erectile Dysfunction	1	2
Fatigue: Excercise-Induced	1	2
Fatty Liver	1	2
Formaldehyde Toxicity	1	2
Fructose-Induced Toxicity	1	2
Furan Toxicity	1	2
Gastric Ulcers	1	2
Gastrointestinal Inflammation	1	2
Hearing Loss	1	2
High Fructose Diet	1	2
High Sugar Diet	1	2
Hormones: Insufficient Levels	1	2
Kidney Damage: Antibiotic-Induced	1	2
Kidney Damage: Drug-Induced	1	2
Leptin: Elevated Levels	1	2
Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Toxicity	1	2
Liver Damage	1	2
Liver Fibrosis	1	2
Macular Degeneration	1	2
Malnourishment	1	2
Photooxidative Stress	1	2
Pyrethroid Insecticide Induced Toxicity	1	2
Scars	1	2
Staphylococcus aureus infection	2	2
Ulcerative Colitis	1	2
Ultraviolet Radiation Induced Damage	1	2
Anemia	1	1
Atrial Fibrillation	1	1
Bacillus Cereus infection	1	1
Carcinoma: Non-Small-Cell Lung	1	1
Cardiac Arrhythmias	1	1
Cardiac Hypertrophy	1	1
Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity: Cisplatin	1	1
Coronavirus Infection	1	1
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2: Prevention	1	1
Escherichia coli Infections	1	1
Gastric Cancer	1	1
HSV-1	1	1
Herpes Labialis	1	1
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1	1	1
Immune Dysregulation: TH1/TH2 imbalance	1	1
Klesiella Pneumonia Infection	1	1
Measles	1	1
Mitochondrial Dysfunction	1	1
Mumps	1	1
Oral Submucous Fibrosis	1	1
Osteoarthritis	1	1
Pseudomonas aeruginosa	1	1
Radiation Induced Illness	1	1
Tendinopathy	1	1
Tendon Injury	1	1

Name	AC	CK
Antioxidants	70	174
Hypolipidemic	23	154
Anti-Inflammatory Agents	43	85
Anticholesteremic Agents	6	82
Hepatoprotective	18	43
Interleukin-6 Downregulation	8	41
Hypoglycemic Agents	6	38
Neuroprotective Agents	21	38
Cardioprotective	6	35
Insulin Sensitizers	3	32
Immunomodulatory	9	28
Renoprotective	13	26
Antihypertensive Agents	4	23
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Alpha Inhibitor	11	20
Anticarcinogenic Agents	5	18
Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors	5	18
Malondialdehyde Down-regulation	5	18
Superoxide Dismutase Up-regulation	5	18
Antiproliferative	9	17
Antiviral Agents	6	17
Apoptotic	9	17
Chemopreventive	6	14
Cytoprotective	6	11
Genoprotective	6	11
Antioxidant Effects	1	10
Fertility Agents: Male	1	10
Interleukin-2 upregulation	1	10
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor modulator	5	9
Anti-Apoptotic	4	8
Gastrointestinal Agents	4	8
Gastroprotective	4	8
MicroRNA modulator	2	7
Antioxidant	1	5
Chemoprotective Agents	3	5
Chemotherapeutic	3	5
Anti-Fibrotic	2	4
Anti-atherogenic	2	4
Anti-metastatic	3	4
Antimutagenic Agents	2	4
Immunostimulatory	2	4
Nitric Oxide Inhibitor	2	4
Photoprotective	2	4
Postaglandin PGE2 downregulation	2	4
Radioprotective	2	4
Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 Upregulation	2	4
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor	2	3
Cell cycle arrest	2	3
Cytotoxic	1	3
Enzyme Inhibitors	2	3
Pancreato Protective Agents	2	3
Alpha-amylase inhibitor	1	2
Angiogenesis Inhibitors	1	2
Anti-Adipogenic	1	2
Anti-Angiogenic	1	2
Anti-Bacterial Agents	2	2
Anti-pyretic	1	2
Antinoceceptive	1	2
Catalase Up-Regulation	1	2
Fertility Agents: Female	1	2
Interleukin-1 beta downregulation	1	2
Lipoxygenase Inhibitors	1	2
Osteogenic	1	2
Prophylactic Agents	1	2
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) upregulation	1	2
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibitors	1	2
Vasoprotective	1	2
Anti-Allergic Agents	1	1
Antimicrobial	1	1
Antineoplastic Agents	1	1
Appetite Suppresant	1	1
Autophagy Inhibitors	1	1
Bcl-2 protein down-regulation	1	1
Histone deacetylase inhibitor	1	1
Osteoprotective	1	1
Telomerase Inhibitor	1	1
Telomerase Upregulation	1	1

Diseases : Cardiovascular Diseases

Therapeutic Actions : Exercise

Pharmacological Actions : Cardioprotective, Hypolipidemic

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Serum selenium levels are depressed in patients with colitis (CCC) and irritated bowel syndrome (IBS) and may be resolved with spirulina-based selenium supplement. Jan 01, 2007

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Pubmed Data : Vopr Pitan. 2007;76(3):35-9. PMID: 17674518

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2007

Study Type : Human Study

Additional Links

Substances : Selenium, Spirulina

Diseases : Colitis, Colitis: Mucous, Irritable Bowel Syndrome

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Spirulina appears to be more promising when compared to aloe vera for the treatment of Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF).Dec 31, 2014

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Pubmed Data : Biomed Res Int. 2015 ;2015:486120. Epub 2015 Jan 22. PMID: 25685791

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2014

Study Type : Human Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Oxidative Stress

Pharmacological Actions : Anticholesteremic Agents, Antioxidant Effects, Malondialdehyde Down-regulation, Superoxide Dismutase Up-regulation

Additional Keywords : Significant Treatment Outcome

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Spirulina is an effective dietary source of zeaxanthin to humans.Feb 07, 2012

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Pubmed Data : Br J Nutr. 2012 Feb 7:1-9. Epub 2012 Feb 7. PMID: 22313576

Article Published Date : Feb 07, 2012

Study Type : Human Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : Carotenoid Deficiency: Zeaxanthin

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Spirulina maxima decreases endothelial damage and oxidative stress indicators in patients with systemic arterial hypertension.Dec 07, 2018

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Pubmed Data : Mar Drugs. 2019 May 7 ;17(5). Epub 2019 May 7. PMID: 31067674

Article Published Date : May 06, 2019

Study Type : Human Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : Dyslipidemias, Obesity

Therapeutic Actions : Exercise

Pharmacological Actions : Anticholesteremic Agents, Hypolipidemic

Additional Keywords : Anti-Obesity Agents

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Spirulina supplementation has favorable effect on select cardiovascular and metabolic biomarkers in humans.Dec 31, 2017

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Pubmed Data : Ann Gastroenterol. 2014 ;27(4):387-394. PMID: 25331487

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2013

Study Type : Human Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), Quality of Life: Poor

Pharmacological Actions : Hepatoprotective, Hypolipidemic

Additional Keywords : Significant Treatment Outcome

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The blood lipid lowering and immune and antioxidant improving response for spirulina supplement was affected by obesity in Korean elderly.Jul 31, 2016

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Pubmed Data : Nutr Res Pract. 2016 Aug ;10(4):418-23. Epub 2016 Apr 22. PMID: 27478549

Article Published Date : Jul 31, 2016

Study Type : Human Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : Obesity

Pharmacological Actions : Antioxidants, Hypolipidemic, Immunomodulatory

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These results show that spirulina intake can positively affect fatigue in men.Feb 16, 2016

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Pubmed Data : Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2016 Feb 17:1-4. Epub 2016 Feb 17. PMID: 26888417

Article Published Date : Feb 16, 2016

Study Type : Human Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : Fatigue, Mental Fatigue

Therapeutic Actions : Exercise

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Administration of Spirulina platensis minimized the toxic effects of the antibiotic Tilmicosin by its free radical scavenging and potent antioxidant activity.Dec 31, 2014

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Pubmed Data : Cell J. 2015 ;17(1):137-44. Epub 2015 Apr 8. PMID: 25870843

C-phycocyanin relieved symptoms associated with cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis.Dec 31, 2018

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Pubmed Data : Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 ;2019:8424872. Epub 2019 Jul 29. PMID: 31467580

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2018

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity: Cyclophosphamide, Cystitis

Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Chemoprotective Agents, Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors, Postaglandin PGE2 downregulation

Additional Keywords : C-phycocyanin

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Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis showed potential alleviative role against the monosodium glutamate ovarian dysfunction.Nov 30, 2018

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Pubmed Data : Front Nutr. 2020 ;7:65. Epub 2020 May 19. PMID: 32509796

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2019

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina, Turmeric

Diseases : Obesity

Pharmacological Actions : Antioxidants

Additional Keywords : Anti-Obesity Agents

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Effects of Spirulina platensis microalgae on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory factors in diabetic rats.Dec 31, 2017

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Pubmed Data : Nutrients. 2021 Oct 3 ;13(10). Epub 2021 Oct 3. PMID: 34684501

Article Published Date : Oct 02, 2021

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Kiwifruit, Spirulina

Diseases : Gastric Ulcer

Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Ulcer Agents, Gastroprotective

Additional Keywords : Drug: Indomethacin, Phytotherapy, Plant Extracts

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Healing potential of Spirulina platensis for skin wounds.Feb 06, 2021

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Pubmed Data : Mar Drugs. 2020 Oct 28 ;18(11). Epub 2020 Oct 28. PMID: 33126624

Article Published Date : Oct 27, 2020

Study Type : Animal Study, In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Pharmacological Actions : Immunostimulatory

Additional Keywords : Polysaccharides

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In conclusion, the protection afforded by S. maxima against development of chronic inflammation is due to its antioxidant activity.Jan 18, 2015

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Pubmed Data : J Med Food. 2015 Jan 19. Epub 2015 Jan 19. PMID: 25599112

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Pubmed Data : J Photochem Photobiol B. 2017 Dec 20 ;180:89-97. Epub 2017 Dec 20. PMID: 29413706

Article Published Date : Dec 19, 2017

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : Liver Cancer

Pharmacological Actions : Apoptotic, Chemotherapeutic

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Pubmed Data : Nutrition. 2015 Sep ;31(9):1148-54. Epub 2015 Apr 28. PMID: 26233874

Article Published Date : Aug 31, 2015

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : Atherosclerosis, Cardiovascular Disease: Prevention, Cardiovascular Diseases, Endothelial Dysfunction, High Fat Diet, Inflammation, Insulin Resistance, Oxidative Stress

Pharmacological Actions : Anti-atherogenic, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Interleukin-6 Downregulation, Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Alpha Inhibitor

Additional Keywords : Risk Reduction

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Single treatments of fish oil and spirulina possess protective effects against oxidative stress and inflammation.Dec 31, 2013

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Pubmed Data : Indian J Pharmacol. 2015 Jan-Feb;47(1):39-44. PMID: 25821309

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2014

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Glycyrrhizin, Spirulina

Diseases : Cognitive Decline/Dysfunction, Obesity

Pharmacological Actions : Neuroprotective Agents

Additional Keywords : Natural Substance Synergy

Problem Substances : Monosodium Glutamate (MSG)

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Spirulina and tamarind fruit pulp reduced fluoride toxicity and led to better recovery of treated mice after withdrawal.Dec 31, 2015

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Pubmed Data : Indian J Exp Biol. 2016 Jan ;54(1):44-55. PMID: 26891552

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2015

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina, Tamarind

Diseases : Fluoride Toxicity

Pharmacological Actions : Renoprotective

Additional Keywords : Natural Substance Synergy

Problem Substances : Sodium Fluoride

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Spirulina attenuated the dextran sulfate sodium-induced inflammation.Jan 24, 2020

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Pubmed Data : PLoS One. 2017 ;12(6):e0178916. Epub 2017 Jun 21. PMID: 28636628

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2016

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : Hearing Loss

Pharmacological Actions : Antioxidants, Catalase Up-Regulation, Superoxide Dismutase Up-regulation

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Spirulina could reduce salicylate-induced tinnitus.May 31, 2018

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Pubmed Data : Int Tinnitus J. 2018 Jun 1 ;22(1):84-88. Epub 2018 Jun 1. PMID: 29993223

Article Published Date : May 31, 2018

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : Tinnitus

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Spirulina enhances bone modelling in growing male rats by regulating growth-related hormones.Apr 23, 2020

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Pubmed Data : Int J Biol Sci. 2009 ;5(4):377-87. Epub 2009 Jun 2. PMID: 19521547

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2009

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : Liver Cancer

Pharmacological Actions : Antioxidants, Antiproliferative , Apoptotic, Cell cycle arrest, Chemopreventive

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Spirulina has a protective effect against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in mice. Dec 01, 2005

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Pubmed Data : Phytother Res. 2005 Dec;19(12):1030-7. PMID: 16372368

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Pubmed Data : Life Sci. 2021 Jan 15 ;265:118827. Epub 2020 Nov 28. PMID: 33253720

Article Published Date : Jan 14, 2021

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : Liver Cancer

Pharmacological Actions : Angiogenesis Inhibitors, Anticarcinogenic Agents, Antioxidants, Apoptotic, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 Upregulation

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Spirulina intervention during adolescent period can protect against chronic stress-induced neuroanatomical biochemical, and molecular deficits in adulthood.Dec 31, 2019

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Pubmed Data : J Exp Pharmacol. 2020 ;12:75-85. Epub 2020 Mar 19. PMID: 32256126

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2019

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : Brain: Oxidative Stress, Childhood Stress

Pharmacological Actions : Neuroprotective Agents

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Spirulina is an important protective source against kidney impairments.Dec 31, 2017

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Pubmed Data : Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Nov 13 ;18(11). Epub 2017 Nov 13. PMID: 29137190

Article Published Date : Nov 12, 2017

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : Alzheimer's Disease, Memory Disorders

Pharmacological Actions : Brain-derived neurotrophic factor modulator, Neuroprotective Agents

Additional Keywords : Alzheimer's disease, Brain-derived neurotrophic factor modulator, Memory Disorders, Neuroprotective Agents, Spirulina

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Spirulina maxima derived marine pectin promotes the in vitro and in vivo regeneration and wound healing.Nov 30, 2020

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Pubmed Data : Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2020 Dec ;107(Pt A):414-425. Epub 2020 Oct 7. PMID: 33038507

Article Published Date : Nov 30, 2020

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Pectin, Spirulina

Diseases : Wound Healing

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Spirulina maxima extract could be used to reduce obesity.May 31, 2018

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Pubmed Data : Nutrients. 2018 Jun 1 ;10(6). Epub 2018 Jun 1. PMID: 29865208

Article Published Date : May 31, 2018

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : Obesity

Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Adipogenic

Additional Keywords : Anti-Obesity Agents

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Spirulina maxima might be a potential agent to prevent or treat obesity.Sep 03, 2018

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Pubmed Data : Food Funct. 2018 Sep 4. Epub 2018 Sep 4. PMID: 30178808

Article Published Date : Jan 27, 2016

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : High Fat Diet

Pharmacological Actions : Hepatoprotective

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Spirulina platensis is a potent antioxidant that could ameliorate the effect of chromium induced nephrotoxicity and provided a near complete protection.Dec 31, 2014

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Pubmed Data : PLoS One. 2015 ;10(6):e0126780. Epub 2015 Jun 1. PMID: 26029926

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2014

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : Oxidative Stress

Pharmacological Actions : Antioxidants, Renoprotective

Additional Keywords : Risk Reduction

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Nephrotoxic

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Spirulina platensis peptides have the potential to ameliorate lipid metabolic disorders.Dec 12, 2018

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Pubmed Data : Clin Anat. 2018 May 7. Epub 2018 May 7. PMID: 29732620

Article Published Date : May 06, 2018

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : Formaldehyde Toxicity

Problem Substances : Formaldehyde

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Spirulina protein promotes skin wound repair in a mouse model of full-thickness dermal excisional wound.Apr 07, 2020

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Pubmed Data : Int J Mol Med. 2020 Apr 8. Epub 2020 Apr 8. PMID: 32319537

Article Published Date : Apr 07, 2020

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : Wound Healing

Pharmacological Actions : Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) upregulation

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Supplementation with S. platensis thus emerges as a promising new therapeutic alternative for the treatment of erectile dysfunction as induced by obesity.Dec 31, 2019

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Pubmed Data : Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2020 ;2020:3293065. Epub 2020 Jun 30. PMID: 32685091

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2019

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : Erectile Dysfunction, Obesity

Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Antioxidants

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Supplementation with spirulina and chlorella alone and combined could improve wound healing indices in diabetic rats.May 31, 2021

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Pubmed Data : J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2021 Jun ;20(1):161-169. Epub 2021 Jan 19. PMID: 34222063

Article Published Date : May 31, 2021

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Chlorella (Algae), Spirulina

Diseases : Diabetic Complications, Wound Healing

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Supplementation with Spirulina platensis becomes a promising alternative in the prevention of gastrointestinal diseases induced or aggravated by obesity.Dec 31, 2020

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Pubmed Data : Nutr Res. 2016 Nov ;36(11):1255-1268. Epub 2016 Oct 4. PMID: 27865613

Article Published Date : Oct 31, 2016

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : Diabetes: Oxidative Stress, Diabetic Complications, Hyperglycemia

Pharmacological Actions : Antioxidants, Hypoglycemic Agents, Hypolipidemic

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Design and development of spirulina polysaccharide-loaded nanoemulsions with improved the antitumor effects of paclitaxel.May 25, 2020

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Pubmed Data : J Microencapsul. 2020 May 26:1-10. Epub 2020 May 26. PMID: 32401077

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Pubmed Data : Minerva Urol Nefrol. 1985 Jan-Mar;37(1):35-50. PMID: PMC2864748

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Pubmed Data : Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021 Jan ;28(1):459-464. Epub 2020 Oct 27. PMID: 33424328

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2020

Study Type : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : Escherichia coli Infections, Klesiella Pneumonia Infection, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus infection

Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Bacterial Agents

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C-phycocyanin suppresses the in vitro proliferation and migration of non-small-cell lung cancer cells.Jun 17, 2019

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Pubmed Data : Mar Drugs. 2019 Jun 18 ;17(6). Epub 2019 Jun 18. PMID: 31216707

Article Published Date : Jun 17, 2019

Study Type : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : Carcinoma: Non-Small-Cell Lung

Pharmacological Actions : Anti-metastatic, Antiproliferative

Additional Keywords : C-phycocyanin

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Calcium spirulan derived from Spirulina platensis inhibits herpes simplex virus 1 attachment to human keratinocytes and protects against herpes labialis.Sep 01, 2015

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Pubmed Data : J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015 Sep 2. Epub 2015 Sep 2. PMID: 26341274

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Pubmed Data : J Basic Microbiol. 2020 Mar 18. Epub 2020 Mar 18. PMID: 32187728

Article Published Date : Mar 17, 2020

Study Type : In Vitro Study

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Substances : Fermented Foods and Beverages, Probiotics, Spirulina

Diseases : Oxidative Stress

Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Bacterial Agents

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Pubmed Data : J Agric Food Chem. 2010 Sep 22 ;58(18):9925-30. PMID: 20799700

Article Published Date : Sep 22, 2010

Study Type : Plant Study

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Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : Vitamin B 12 Deficiency

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Spirulina could be a useful coadjuvant agent within clinical practice for treatment of environmental pollutants.Oct 05, 2015

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Pubmed Data : Pharm Biol. 2015 Oct 6:1-9. Epub 2015 Oct 6. PMID: 26439611

Article Published Date : Oct 05, 2015

Study Type : Review

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : Arsenic Poisoning, Cadmium Poisoning , Lead Poisoning, Mercury Poisoning

Pharmacological Actions : Cytoprotective

Additional Keywords : Chemical Poisoning: Accumulated Environmental Toxins, Environmental Pollutant

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Spirulina exerts anti-inflammatory effects and may be useful for the treatment of allergic conditions.Feb 25, 2018

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Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Pubmed Data : Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2008 Oct;265(10):1219-23. Epub 2008 Mar 15. PMID: 18343939

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2008

Additional Links

Substances : Spirulina

Diseases : Allergic Rhinitis

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View the Evidence: 224 Abstracts with Spirulina Research

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Spirulina consumption may exert beneficial effects on enhancement of antioxidant system.Jul 07, 2021

Spirulina maxima improves insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, and total antioxidant status in obese patients with well-treated hypertension.Apr 30, 2017

Spirulina supplementation significantly reduces body weight, especially in obese individuals.Nov 30, 2019

The effect of spirulina on type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.May 31, 2021

The effects of spirulina on glycemic control and serum lipoproteins in patients with metabolic syndrome and related disorders.Jul 28, 2019

This meta-analysis showed a significant effect of supplementation with Spirulina in reducing plasma concentrations of total cholesterol, LDL-C, triglycerides and elevating those of HDL-C.Sep 24, 2015

A systematic physical exercise program and S. maxima supplementation showed a beneficial reduction in BMI, VO2max, and blood lipid profile.Oct 22, 2019

Cardioprotective effects of spirulina therapy in children with beta-thalassemia major.Dec 06, 2018

Citrulline and spirulina may have a therapeutic role in the management of sickle cell disease. Oct 15, 2006

Daily supplementation with S. platensis to diet combined with a reasonable balanced diet has significantly increased the CD4 cells and reduced the viral load after 6 months.Dec 31, 2014

Home fortification of complementary foods using spirulina during the first 1000 days improved development among Zambian children at preschool age.Mar 28, 2019

Regular consumption of Spirulina improves BMI and weight and also results in improvements in blood pressure and endothelial function.Dec 31, 2015

Serum selenium levels are depressed in patients with colitis (CCC) and irritated bowel syndrome (IBS) and may be resolved with spirulina-based selenium supplement. Jan 01, 2007

Spirulina appears to be more promising when compared to aloe vera for the treatment of Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF).Dec 31, 2014

Spirulina can significantly increase peoples serum beta-carotene and total body vitamin A stores.Dec 31, 2011

Spirulina has favorable effects on lipid profiles, immune variables and antioxidant capacity in healthy individuals.Jan 01, 2008

Spirulina has therapeutic value in hepatitis C patients.Dec 31, 2011

Spirulina improves insulin resistance in 100% of patients tested. Jul 01, 2011

Spirulina intake for 30 and 60 days led to a significant reduced serum content of MDA, lipid hydroperoxide, and cholesterol, while increasing GSH and vitamin C level. Dec 31, 2014

Spirulina is an effective dietary source of zeaxanthin to humans.Feb 07, 2012

Spirulina maxima decreases endothelial damage and oxidative stress indicators in patients with systemic arterial hypertension.Dec 07, 2018

Spirulina platensis effectively ameliorates anthropometric measurements and obesity-related metabolic disorders in obese or overweight healthy individuals.Sep 30, 2018

Spirulina supplementation at a dose of 1 g daily has powerful hypolipidaemic effects, especially on the triglyceride concentration in dyslipidaemic Cretan outpatients.Jan 31, 2014

Spirulina supplementation during gradual weight loss in competitive wrestlers.Mar 14, 2021

Spirulina supplementation enhances the hypolipidemic effect of a systematic physical exercise program in men with excess body weight and dyslipidemia.May 06, 2019

Spirulina supplementation has favorable effect on select cardiovascular and metabolic biomarkers in humans.Dec 31, 2017

Spirulina supplementation improves oxygen uptake in arm cycling exercise.Nov 30, 2020

Spirulina supplementation synergistically improves the effects of systematic exercise on body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness parameters.Sep 30, 2018

Spirulina supplements improved the nutritional status of undernourished children quickly and significantly.Dec 31, 2015

Spirulina-fortified dressing as a functional food can be used a supportive treatment for patients with hypertension.Sep 19, 2021

Supplementation at a high dosage of 6 g daily in NAFLD patients has strong and multiple beneficial metabolic effects and improves their health-related quality of life.Dec 31, 2013

The blood lipid lowering and immune and antioxidant improving response for spirulina supplement was affected by obesity in Korean elderly.Jul 31, 2016

These results show that spirulina intake can positively affect fatigue in men.Feb 16, 2016

This study provides initial evidence on the possible beneficial effects of spirulina mainly in patients with impaired sperm motility or morphology.Jul 22, 2018

Spirulina phycocyanin induces differential protein expression and apoptosis in SKOV-3 cells.Sep 25, 2015

Spirulina platensis and related tetrapyrroles have potent antiproliferative effects on experimental human pancreatic cancer.Feb 28, 2014

Radioprotectant and cytotoxic effects of spirulina in relapsed verrucous vulvar cancer.Jul 31, 2015

Improved spinal cord gray matter morphology induced by Spirulina platensis following spinal cord injury in rat models.Jul 19, 2020

"Spirulina improves non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, visceral fat macrophage aggregation, and serum leptin in a mouse model of metabolic syndrome."Mar 21, 2012

3% spirulina supplementation in high-energy diet ameliorated lipid metabolic disorder and oxidative stress.May 31, 2020

A polysaccharide obtained from Spirulina platensis plays a protective role against the MPTP-induced loss of dopaminergic neurons in C57BL/6J mice.Jan 31, 2015

A selenium enriched extract of spirulina could protect against alcohol-induced liver injury.Jun 19, 2018

A Spirulina diet given to lactating mothers can protect against neuroinflammation and decreased antioxidant defence in brain of suckling pups.Aug 28, 2016

Administration of garlic and spirulina concomitantly with lead acetate ameliorated most of the undesirable effects.Jan 27, 2019

Administration of Spirulina platensis minimized the toxic effects of the antibiotic Tilmicosin by its free radical scavenging and potent antioxidant activity.Dec 31, 2014

Altered expression of antioxidant genes may reflect states of oxidative stress associated with tinnitus.Aug 04, 2015

Amelioration of ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats pre-treated with phycobiliproteins of spirulina. Jun 12, 2018

Amelioration of neurobehavioral and cognitive abilities of F1 progeny following dietary supplementation with Spirulina to protein malnourished mothers.Aug 15, 2019

Ameliorative effect of Spirulina platensis against lead nitrate-induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity.Jun 30, 2019

Ameliorative effects of Spirulina maxima and Allium sativum on lead acetate-induced testicular injury.Jan 31, 2019

Analysis of the anti-fatigue activity of polysaccharides from Spirulina platensis.Feb 25, 2020

Anti-obesity effects of Spirulina platensis protein hydrolysate by modulating brain-liver axis in high-fat diet fed miceDec 31, 2018

Antioxidant therapy probects against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Jul 15, 2011

Both Nostoc commune and Spirulina platensis supplementation decreased the development of atherosclerotic lesions.Nov 12, 2015

C-phycocyanin partially rescued female reproductive capability which was impaired by D-galactose in mice.Mar 16, 2016

C-phycocyanin relieved symptoms associated with cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis.Dec 31, 2018

Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis showed potential alleviative role against the monosodium glutamate ovarian dysfunction.Nov 30, 2018

Chlorella vulgaris or Spirulina platensis mitigate lead acetate-induced testicular oxidative stress and apoptosis.Mar 21, 2021

Dietary inclusion of spirulina platensis can be used as a promising protective agent to counteract oxidative stress-mediated diseases and toxicities.May 26, 2017

Dietary supplementation with silicon-enriched spirulina improves arterial remodelling and function in hypertensive rats.Oct 24, 2019

Dietary supplementation with Spirulina platensis could be beneficial on Atrazine-induced oxidative stress- mediated hepatic damage and inflammation.Nov 16, 2017

Effect of fermented Spirulina maxima extract on cognitive-enhancing activities in mice with scopolamine-induced dementia.Dec 31, 2017

Effects of a low-dose spirulina/turmeric supplement on cardiometabolic and antioxidant serum markers of patients with abdominal obesity.Dec 31, 2019

Effects of Spirulina platensis microalgae on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory factors in diabetic rats.Dec 31, 2017

Extraction and characterization of phycocyanin from spirulina platensis and evaluation of Its anticancer, antidiabetic and antiinflammatory effect.Jun 14, 2020

Gastro-protective potentials of spirulina: Role of vitamin B12. Jan 31, 2020

Gastroprotective effects of Spirulina platensis, golden kiwifruit flesh, and golden kiwifruit peel extracts.Oct 02, 2021

Healing potential of Spirulina platensis for skin wounds.Feb 06, 2021

Hepatoprotective effect of Spirulina platensis against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury.Oct 06, 2021

Hepatosplenic protective actions of Spirulina platensis and matcha green tea against Schistosoma mansoni infection.Dec 31, 2020

Immunostimulatory effects of polysaccharides from Spirulina platensis.Oct 27, 2020

In conclusion, the protection afforded by S. maxima against development of chronic inflammation is due to its antioxidant activity.Jan 18, 2015

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View the Evidence:
224 Abstracts with Spirulina Research