Baicalein https://greenmedinfo.com/category/keywords/Baicalein en Baicalein could be a lead compound for the modulation of inflammatory diseases as well as certain cancers. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalein-could-be-lead-compound-modulation-inflammatory-diseases-well-certain n/a PMID:  Oncol Rep. 2016 Nov ;36(5):2771-2776. Epub 2016 Aug 19. PMID: 27667548 Abstract Title:  Baicalein inhibits TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation and expression of NF-κB-regulated target gene products. Abstract:  The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcription factors control many physiological processes including inflammation, immunity, apoptosis and angiogenesis. In our search for NF-κB inhibitors from natural resources, we identified baicalein from Scutellaria baicalensis as an inhibitor of NF-κB activation. As examined bythe NF-κB luciferase reporter assay, we found that baicalein suppressed TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation in a dose-dependent manner. It also inhibited TNF-α-induced nuclear translocation of p65 through inhibition of phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα. Furthermore, baicalein blocked the TNF-α-induced expression of NF-κB target genes involved in anti-apoptosis (cIAP-1, cIAP-2, FLIP and BCL-2), proliferation (COX-2, cyclin D1 and c-Myc), invasion (MMP‑9), angiogenesis (VEGF) and major inflammatory cytokines (IL-8 and MCP1). The flow cytometric analysis indicated that baicalein potentiated TNF-α-induced apoptosis and induced G1 phase arrest in HeLa cells. Moreover, baicalein significantly blocked activation of p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). Our results imply that baicalein could be a lead compound for the modulation of inflammatory diseases as well ascertain cancers in which inhibition of NF-κB activity may be desirable. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalein-could-be-lead-compound-modulation-inflammatory-diseases-well-certain#comments Baicalein Cervical Cancer Inflammation Anti-Inflammatory Agents NF-kappaB Inhibitor Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Alpha Inhibitor Anti-Inflammatory Agents Baicalein Cervical Cancer Gene Expression Regulation NF-kappaB Inhibitor Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Alpha Inhibitor In Vitro Study Mon, 21 Nov 2016 21:09:59 +0000 greenmedinfo 139226 at https://greenmedinfo.com Baicalein could be developed into a novel drug for clinical treatment of ICH and ICH-related brain injuries. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalein-could-be-developed-novel-drug-clinical-treatment-ich-and-ich-related n/a PMID:  Neurochem Res. 2017 Jan 21. Epub 2017 Jan 21. PMID: 28108850 Abstract Title:  Baicalein Promotes Neuronal and Behavioral Recovery After Intracerebral Hemorrhage Via Suppressing Apoptosis, Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation. Abstract:  Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is an important public health problem in neurology, which is not only associated with high mortality but also leading to disability. Yet no satisfactory treatment has been developed. The secondary injury that resulted from a number of self-destructive processes such as neuroinflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress, is the key factor contributing to ICH-induced brain damage. Baicalein has been proved to improve neuronal functional recovery in rat model of subarachnoid hemorrhage and ischemic brain damage. To investigate the effect of baicalein on ICH and its underlying mechanism, a collagenase-induced ICH rat model was performed. Baicalein treatment significantly decreased neurological severity score at day 1 and 3 after ICH injury. Our results showed that the lesion volume, the brain water content, the expression levels of four pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-4 and IL-6 and TNF-α) and the numbers of apoptotic cells were reduced significantly in ICH rats receiving baicalein treatment, especially in 50 mg/kg baicalein-treated group. Moreover, baicalein increased SOD and GSH-Px activities and down-regulated MDA level of brain tissues in rats. Theseresults suggested that the therapeutic efficacy of baicalein on repairing brain damage is probably caused by suppressing apoptosis, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Baicalein could be developed into a novel drug for clinical treatment of ICH and ICH-related brain injuries. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalein-could-be-developed-novel-drug-clinical-treatment-ich-and-ich-related#comments Baicalein Intracerebral Hemorrhage Anti-Inflammatory Agents Interleukin-4 downregulation Interleukin-6 Downregulation Neuroprotective Agents Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Alpha Inhibitor Anti-Inflammatory Agents Baicalein Interleukin-4 downregulation Intracerebral Hemorrhage Animal Study Thu, 26 Jan 2017 20:38:19 +0000 greenmedinfo 142618 at https://greenmedinfo.com Baicalein could be used as a cytoprotective and anti-ulcerogenic agent in gastric ulcers. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalein-could-be-used-cytoprotective-and-anti-ulcerogenic-agent-gastric-ulce n/a PMID:  Chem Biol Interact. 2016 Oct 22 ;260:33-41. Epub 2016 Aug 22. PMID: 27780710 Abstract Title:  The effects of baicalein on gastric mucosal ulcerations in mice: Protective pathways and anti-secretory mechanisms. Abstract:  Many flavonoids have been shown to present good results for the treatment of gastric ulcers. Baicalein, a bioactive flavonoid derived from the Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi root, possesses several biological effects, such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. This study was conducted to assess the gastroprotective properties of baicalein. Anti-ulcerogenic assay was performed using the protocol of ulcer induced by ethanol/HCl in mice; then, the role of presynapticα2-receptors, sulfhydryl (SH) compounds, nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin (PG) and ATP-sensitive K(+) (KATP) channels in gastroprotection of baicalein was investigated. The levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were measured in the gastric mucosa. Parameters ofgastric secretion (volume, [H(+)] and pH) were determined with or without the presence of the secretagogue agent histamine, as well as mucus in gastric contents, by the pylorus ligation model. In vitro H(+),K(+)-ATPase activity was also determined. Baicalein (10, 30 and 100 mg/kg) exhibited a doserelated gastroprotective effect (P < 0.001) against acidified ethanol-induced lesions. The intraperitoneal treatment of mice with a α2-adrenoreceptor antagonist (yohimbine; 2 mg/kg), a SH compounds blocker (N-ethylmaleimide, NEM; 10 mg/kg), a non-selective inhibitor of NO synthase (Nw-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride, L-NAME; 10 mg/kg), a non-selective inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase (indomethacin; 10 mg/kg) or a KATP channel blocker (glibenclamide; 10 mg/kg) was able to reverse (P < 0.001) the gastroprotective response caused by baicalein (30 mg/kg). Baicalein (30 mg/kg; P < 0.05) was able to increase GSH levels and decreasing MPO activity. The intraduodenal treatment with baicalein (30 and 100 mg/kg) significantly increased (P < 0.05) the gastric mucus secretion. Additionally, the treatment with baicalein reduced (30 and 100 mg/kg; P < 0.05) the secretion volume and total acid secretion, and also increased (10, 30 and 100 mg/kg; P < 0.001) the pH value, after pylorus ligature. Baicalein (30 mg/kg) was also effective in inhibiting the effects of histamine on gastric secretion (volume, [H(+)] and pH; P < 0.001). Baicalein at 10 and 30 μg/mL showed anti-H(+),K(+)-ATPase activity. In conclusion, the present results provide convincing evidence that baicalein could be used as a cytoprotective (preventive effect) and anti-ulcerogenic (anti-secretory effect) agent in the gastric ulcers. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalein-could-be-used-cytoprotective-and-anti-ulcerogenic-agent-gastric-ulce#comments Baicalein Gastric Ulcers Anti-Ulcer Agents Prophylactic Agents Anti-Ulcer Agents Baicalein Gastric Ulcers Prophylactic Agents Animal Study Mon, 21 Nov 2016 20:53:27 +0000 greenmedinfo 139225 at https://greenmedinfo.com Baicalein has a protective effect of on muscle cells. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalein-has-protective-effect-muscle-cells n/a PMID:  J Nutr Metab. 2016 ;2016:3703216. Epub 2016 Dec 5. PMID: 28050282 Abstract Title:  Effect of the Lipoxygenase Inhibitor Baicalein on Muscles in Ovariectomized Rats. Abstract:  Sarcopenia, a loss of muscle mass accompanying osteoporosis, leads to falls and fall-related injuries. Baicalein, as a phytochemical agent, has an antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effect in muscle. In this study, sixty-one female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups: four groups were ovariectomized (OVX) and one control group was nonovariectomized (NON-OVX). Eight weeks after ovariectomy, three disparate concentrations (1 mg/kg body weight (BW), 10 mg/kg BW, and 100 mg/kg BW) of baicalein were applied subcutaneously daily in three OVX groups. Mm. soleus, gastrocnemius, and longissimus were extracted; their diameter, area, relation to body, and muscle weights as well as number of capillaries per fibre wererecorded. In Mm. soleus and gastrocnemius, the baicalein effect (increasing number of capillaries per fibre) was proportional to the dose applied. The fibre diameters and area under baicalein treatment were significantly greater compared to OVX and NON-OVX groups. In M. longissimus, we observed a shift to type IIa fibres. Serum creatine kinase levels were significantly lower in highest baicalein concentration group. We conclude that baicalein can stimulate angiogenesis, though not fibre type-specific, in skeletal muscle and reduce the estrogen-related loss of fibre diameter and area in the skeletal muscle in rats. Therefore, a protective effect of baicalein on muscle cells can be assumed. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalein-has-protective-effect-muscle-cells#comments Baicalein Sarcopenia Angiogenesis Inducing Agents Angiogenesis Inducing Agents Baicalein Ovariectomy-Induced Changes Sarcopenia Animal Study Thu, 26 Jan 2017 21:39:18 +0000 greenmedinfo 142627 at https://greenmedinfo.com Baicalein induces Beclin 1- and ERK-dependent autophagy in ovarian cancer cells. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalein-induces-beclin-1-and-erk-dependent-autophagy-ovarian-cancer-cells n/a PMID:  Am J Chin Med. 2017 Jan 13:1-14. Epub 2017 Jan 13. PMID: 28081631 Abstract Title:  Baicalein Induces Beclin 1- and Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase-Dependent Autophagy in Ovarian Cancer Cells. Abstract:  Baicalein (BA), one of the major compounds isolated from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Gerogi, exhibits various pharmacological effects, such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. In this study, we found that BA reduced cell viability and increased apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. Treatment of cells with BA enhanced microtubule-associated protein light chain 3-II (LC3-II) expression, acidic vesicular organelle and GFP-LC3 fluorescence dot accumulation. Combined treatment with chloroquine and BA apparently reduced cell viability and increased the cleavage of poly (ADPribose) polymerase (PARP) in both HEY and A2780 ovarian cancer cell lines, indicating that BA induces a protective autophagy in these cells. Knockdown of Beclin 1 by siRNA remarkably decreased BA-induced LC3-II lipidation. In addition, we found an increase in the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK, Thr202/Thr204) and AKT (Ser473) after BA treatment, and inhibition of ERK activation by the pharmacological inhibitor U0126 or ERK siRNA blocked BA-induced autophagy. Taken together, these results suggest that BA induces Beclin 1- and ERK-dependent autophagy in ovarian cancer cells. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalein-induces-beclin-1-and-erk-dependent-autophagy-ovarian-cancer-cells#comments Baicalein Ovarian Cancer Autophagy Up-regulation Autophagy Up-regulation Baicalein ovarian cancer In Vitro Study Thu, 26 Jan 2017 21:10:11 +0000 greenmedinfo 142620 at https://greenmedinfo.com Baicalein induces cancer cell apoptosis and cause cell cycle arrest. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalein-induces-cancer-cell-apoptosis-and-cause-cell-cycle-arrest n/a PMID:  Med Chem Res. 2016 Aug ;25(8):1515-1523. Epub 2016 Jun 29. PMID: 28008217 Abstract Title:  Anticancer properties of baicalein: a review. Abstract:  The constituents of many traditional Chinese herbal remedies are currently at the forefront of modern cancer research. Baicalein, a bioactive flavone widely used in nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals, has shown great potential in the treatment and prevention of cancer without causing severe side effects. Baicalein induces cancer cell apoptosis and cause cell cycle arrest. It shows inhibitory effects on angiogenesis, metastasis and inflammation, all of which are necessary for the promotion and progression of cancer. This review presents an overview of the anti-cancer effects and mechanisms of baicalein. In addition, the bioavailability of baicalein and approaches to improve it are summarized. Treatments of baicalein in combination with other anti-cancer agents are also mentioned. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalein-induces-cancer-cell-apoptosis-and-cause-cell-cycle-arrest#comments Baicalein Cancers: All Antiproliferative Apoptotic Cell cycle arrest Antiproliferative Apoptotic Baicalein Cancer Cell cycle arrest Review Thu, 26 Jan 2017 21:45:49 +0000 greenmedinfo 142630 at https://greenmedinfo.com Baicalein is a candidate drug with great potential for the treatment of AD patients. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalein-candidate-drug-great-potential-treatment-ad-patients n/a PMID:  J Alzheimers Dis. 2017 Jan 18. Epub 2017 Jan 18. PMID: 28106556 Abstract Title:  An Improved Drugs Screening System Reveals that Baicalein Ameliorates the Aβ/AMPA/NMDA-Induced Depolarization of Neurons. Abstract:  The presence of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque and tau protein hyperphosphorylation in brain tissue is the pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). At least some Aβ neurotoxicity is caused by the presence of excess glutamate that has been induced by Aβ accumulation. Memantine is currently the only NMDA receptor inhibitor approved for treating moderate-to-severe AD patients. We utilized primary cortical neurons and DiBAC4(3), a slow-response voltage sensitive fluorescence dye, to create a novel system for screening herbal medicines that allows the identification of pure compounds able to ameliorate Aβ-inducedabnormal depolarization. The intensity of DiBAC4(3) fluorescence was increased when primary neurons were stimulated by Aβ; furthermore, pre-treatment with memantine abolished this change. Using this system, we identified six crude extracts made from herbal medicines that effectively alleviated thisAβ-induced abnormal depolarization. Among these herbal medicines, one pure compound, baicalein, which was known to be present in Scutellaria baricalensis and is known to improve memory using an AD mouse model, was identified by our assay. However, the compound's molecular mechanism remained unknown. We found that baicalein, in addition to inhibiting Aβ-induced depolarization, possibly functions as an antagonist of AMPA and NMDA receptors. Taken together, we have established a system/platform to identify herbal medicines that ameliorate Aβ-induced depolarization of neurons. Equally important, baicalein is a candidate drug with great potential for the treatment of AD patients. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalein-candidate-drug-great-potential-treatment-ad-patients#comments Alzheimer's Disease Baicalein Neuroprotective Agents Alzheimer's disease Baicalein Neuroprotective Agents In Vitro Study Thu, 26 Jan 2017 21:00:38 +0000 greenmedinfo 142619 at https://greenmedinfo.com Baicalein may contribute to dental pulp repair and regenerative endodontics. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalein-may-contribute-dental-pulp-repair-and-regenerative-endodontics n/a PMID:  Am J Chin Med. 2016 ;44(7):1457-1472. Epub 2016 Oct 25. PMID: 27776430 Abstract Title:  Baicalein Promotes Angiogenesis and Odontoblastic Differentiation via the BMP and Wnt Pathways in Human Dental Pulp Cells. Abstract:  Baicalein is an active flavonoid extracted from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis that has anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties; its effects on osteoblastic and angiogenic potential are controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of baicalein on odontoblastic differentiation and angiogenesis and the underlying mechanism in human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). Baicalein (1-10[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]M) had no cytotoxic effects and promoted alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization assayed by Alizarin Red-S staining, and the mRNA expression of marker genes, in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, baicalein upregulated angiogenic factors and increased in vitro capillary-like tube formation. Moreover, baicalein upregulated bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 mRNA and phosphorylation of Smad 1/5/8 and Wnt ligand mRNA, glycogen synthase kinase-3, and nuclear [Formula: see text]-catenin. The odontogenic and angiogenic effects of baicalein were abolished by the BMP antagonist noggin and the Wnt/[Formula: see text]-catenin receptor antagonist DKK-1. These results demonstrate that baicalein promoted odontoblastic differentiation and angiogenesis of HDPCs by activating the BMP and Wnt/[Formula: see text]-catenin signal pathways. Our findings suggest that baicalein may contribute to dental pulp repair and regenerative endodontics. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalein-may-contribute-dental-pulp-repair-and-regenerative-endodontics#comments Baicalein Dental Diseases Angiogenesis Inducing Agents Regenerative Angiogenesis Inducing Agents Baicalein Dental Diseases Regenerative In Vitro Study Thu, 26 Jan 2017 22:36:33 +0000 greenmedinfo 142639 at https://greenmedinfo.com Baicalein might be an alternative treatment against refractory chronic inflammation. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalein-might-be-alternative-treatment-against-refractory-chronic-inflammati n/a PMID:  Oncotarget. 2016 Nov 26. Epub 2016 Nov 26. PMID: 27903990 Abstract Title:  Baicalein reduces angiogenesis in the inflammatory microenvironment via inhibiting the expression of AP-1. Abstract:  Increasing clinical and experimental studies have demonstrated that refractory chronic inflammation will result in malignant tumor and anti-angiogenic therapy may be an effective way to thwart the progression. Baicalein, one of the major active flavanoids found in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, has been exhibited potent anti-inflammation and anti-tumor effects by reducing angiogenesis. However, the exact mechanism of baicalein on endothelial cells in inflammatory microenvironment was not clear yet. Here, we investigated the anti-angiogenic effect of baicalein by incubating human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with THP-1 conditioned medium in vitro. The tube formation of HUVECs and microvessel outgrowth of rat aorta were attenuated, as well as the number of newly formed blood vessels in chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) was reduced by baicalein. This anti-angiogenic effect was mainly on account of the inhibited motility, migration and invasion of HUVECs. In addition, mechanistic studies showed that baicalein could bind to AP-1 directly and the expression of c-Jun and c-Fos in HUVECs was reduced, accompanied by their increased proteasomal degradation. Besides, baicalein suppressed the nuclear translation, heterodimer formation and DNA binding affinity of c-Jun and c-Fos. What's more, the anti-angiogenic effect of baicalein was further confirmed by matrigel plug assay in vivo. Taken together, our study demonstrated that baicalein could exert its anti-angiogenic effect in the inflammation microenvironment via inhibiting the transcriptional activity of AP-1, which suggested that baicalein might be an alternative treatment against refractory chronic inflammation. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalein-might-be-alternative-treatment-against-refractory-chronic-inflammati#comments Baicalein Inflammation Angiogenesis Inhibitors Anti-Inflammatory Agents Angiogenesis Inhibitors Anti-Inflammatory Agents Baicalein Inflammation Animal Study In Vitro Study Thu, 26 Jan 2017 22:09:57 +0000 greenmedinfo 142637 at https://greenmedinfo.com Baicalein protects against oxidized LDL induced oxidative stress and inflammation. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalein-protects-against-oxidized-ldl-induced-oxidative-stress-and-inflammat n/a PMID:  Oncotarget. 2016 Oct 20. Epub 2016 Aug 20. PMID: 27776344 Abstract Title:  Baicalein protects against oxLDL-caused oxidative stress and inflammation by modulation of AMPK- alpha. Abstract:  Atherosclerosis is considered to be a form of chronic inflammation and a disorder of lipid metabolism. Oxidative transformations in the lipid and apolipoprotein B (Apo B) constituent of low density lipoprotein drive the initial step in atherogenesis due to macrophage scavenger receptors identify oxidized LDL (oxLDL) but non-oxidized LDL. The human vascular endothelial cells fact a critical role in vasodilation, provides a nonadhesive surface for circulation, reduces vascular smooth muscle proliferation, inflammation, thrombus formation and platelet aggregation. Assembly of oxLDL contribute to stimulation of endothelial cells with up-regulation of adhesion molecules, increase oxidative stress to the vascular endothelium and inhibition of NO-mediated vasodilation. When adhesion molecules are over-expressed on the surface of endothelial cells under oxLDL stimulation, it will recruit monocytes to the arterial wall. Then adherent monocytes will migrate into the subendothelial space and subsequently differentiate into macrophages. In the subendothelial space, oxLDL will be taken up by macrophages, thereby causing the substantial cholesterol accumulation and the foam cells production. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalein-protects-against-oxidized-ldl-induced-oxidative-stress-and-inflammat#comments Atherosclerosis Baicalein Cholesterol: Oxidation Anti-Inflammatory Agents Antioxidants Anti-Inflammatory Agents Antioxidants Atherosclerosis Baicalein Cholesterol: Oxidation In Vitro Study Mon, 21 Nov 2016 21:29:18 +0000 greenmedinfo 139228 at https://greenmedinfo.com Baicalein protects against UVB-induced oxidative stress via scavenging ROS, inhibiting apoptosis, and absorbing UV photons. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalein-protects-against-uvb-induced-oxidative-stress-scavenging-ros-inhibit n/a PMID:  Biomol Ther (Seoul). 2016 Nov 1 ;24(6):616-622. PMID: 27257012 Abstract Title:  Baicalein Protects Human Skin Cells against Ultraviolet B-Induced Oxidative Stress. Abstract:  Baicalein (5,6,7-trihydroxy-2-phenyl-chromen-4-one) is a flavone, a type of flavonoid, originally isolated from the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis. This study evaluated the protective effects of baicalein against oxidative damage-mediated apoptosis induced by ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation in a human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT). Baicalein absorbed light within the wavelength range of UVB. In addition, baicalein decreased the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to UVB radiation. Baicalein protected cells against UVB radiation-induced DNA breaks, 8-isoprostane generation and protein modification in HaCaT cells. Furthermore, baicalein suppressed the apoptotic cell death by UVB radiation. These findings suggest that baicalein protected HaCaT cells against UVB radiation-induced cell damage and apoptosis by absorbing UVB radiation and scavenging ROS. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalein-protects-against-uvb-induced-oxidative-stress-scavenging-ros-inhibit#comments Baicalein Oxidative Stress Ultraviolet Radiation Induced Damage Anti-Apoptotic Photoprotective Baicalein oxidative stress Ultraviolet Radiation Induced Damage In Vitro Study Mon, 21 Nov 2016 20:30:41 +0000 greenmedinfo 139219 at https://greenmedinfo.com Baicalein significantly improved the biochemical and histopathological condition of Alzheimer's disease in rats. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalein-significantly-improved-biochemical-and-histopathological-condition-a n/a PMID:  Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2016 ;12:3145-3152. Epub 2016 Dec 9. PMID: 28003750 Abstract Title:  Baicalein improves behavioral dysfunction induced by Alzheimer's disease in rats. Abstract:  BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is considered to be a neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by increased oxidative stress. Medicinal plants, with their antioxidant properties, have been used to cure several human diseases. The aim of the current study was to explore the protective and therapeutic effect of baicalein on AD-induced rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Swiss Wistar rats were used in the study. The rats were divided into five groups. Group I: normal control group treated with water; Group II: disease control treated with AlCl3 to induce the mimicking AD for 4 successive weeks (SW); Group III: normal control group treated with baicalein (5 mg/kg) for 2 SW followed by combination of baicalein and AlCl3 for 4 SW; Group IV: normal control group treated with baicalein (10 mg/kg) for 2 SW followed by combination of baicalein and AlCl3 for 4 SW; Group V: normal control group treated with rivastigmine (0.3 mg/kg) for 2 SW followed by combination of rivastigmine and AlCl3 for 4 SW. Moreover, the therapeutic groups are as follows: Group VI: AD disease control treated with AlCl3 for 4 SW and serving as the therapeutic positive group; Group VII: AD disease control + baicalein (5 mg/kg) for 12 SW; Group VIII: AD disease control + baicalein (10 mg/kg) for 12 SW; Group IX: AD disease control + rivastigmine (0.3 mg/kg) for 12 SW. Behavioral test, T-maze, and rotarod test were also performed before and after the treatment. At the end of the experimental study, all the rats were sacrificed and their brains were removed and divided into two portions. The first portion was homogenated for estimating the level of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) and acetylcholine (Ach). Another portion was used for histopathological evaluation. RESULTS: The current investigation showed that baicalein significantly reduced the duration of revolving on the rotarod, cage activity, and T-maze activity in a dose-dependent manner compared with the AD control group rats. It also altered the AchE and Ach levels in the brain homogenates. The histopathology study also provides strength to the protective effect of baicalein. CONCLUSION: The current study showed that baicalein significantly (P<0.05) improved the biochemical and histopathological condition of AD in rats. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalein-significantly-improved-biochemical-and-histopathological-condition-a#comments Alzheimer's Disease Baicalein Neuroprotective Agents Alzheimer's disease Baicalein Dose Response Neuroprotective Agents Animal Study Thu, 26 Jan 2017 22:01:53 +0000 greenmedinfo 142636 at https://greenmedinfo.com These findings provide new insights into the antimetastatic mechanism of baicalein. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/these-findings-provide-new-insights-antimetastatic-mechanism-baicalein n/a PMID:  Mol Cells. 2016 Dec ;39(12):909-914. Epub 2016 Dec 23. PMID: 28008161 Abstract Title:  Baicalein Inhibits Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition via Downregulation of Cyr61 and LOXL-2 in MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells. Abstract:  Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical step in the acquisition of the migratory and invasive capabilities associated with metastatic competence. Cysteine-rich protein 61 (CCN1/Cyr61) has been implicated as an important mediator in the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer. Hence, Cyr61 and associated pathways are attractive targets for therapeutic interventions directed against the EMT. In the present study, we report that baicalein significantly inhibits the expression of Cyr61 and migration and invasion of MDA-MB231 human breast cancer cells. Exposure to baicalein led to increased E-cadherin expression, possibly due to the ubiquitination of Snail and Slug, which was mediated by the Cyr61/Akt/glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) pathway. Further analysis revealed that baicalein inhibited the expression of lysyl oxidase like-2 (LOXL-2), which is a functional collaborator of Snail and Slug, and subsequently attenuated the direct interaction between LOXL-2 and Snail or Slug, thereby enhancing GSK3β-dependent Snailand Slug degradation. Our findings provide new insights into the antimetastatic mechanism of baicalein and may contribute to its beneficial use in breast cancer therapies. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/these-findings-provide-new-insights-antimetastatic-mechanism-baicalein#comments Baicalein Breast Cancer: Triple Negative Anti-metastatic Anti-metastatic Baicalein Breast Cancer: Triple Negative In Vitro Study Thu, 26 Jan 2017 21:55:35 +0000 greenmedinfo 142633 at https://greenmedinfo.com