Bcl-xL down-regulation https://greenmedinfo.com/category/keywords/Bcl-xL%20down-regulation en Apigenin induces the apoptosis of colon cancer cells. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/apigenin-induces-apoptosis-colon-cancer-cells n/a PMID:  Int J Oncol. 2018 Mar 7. Epub 2018 Mar 7. PMID: 29512707 Abstract Title:  Apigenin induces apoptosis by suppressing Bcl-xl and Mcl-1 simultaneously via signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling in colon cancer. Abstract:  Apigenin is a natural flavonoid that exhibits anti-proliferative activity and induces apoptosis in various types of cancer, including colon cancer. The aim of the present study was to determine the mechanism underlying the apoptosis-inducing effect of apigenin in colon cancer. Apigenin reduced the proliferation of colon cancer cell lines, stimulated the cleavage of PARP and induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Apigenin treatment also suppressed the expression of the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-xL and Mcl-1. Small interfering RNA was used to knockdown Bcl-xL and Mcl-1 expression alone and in concert, and the proliferation and apoptosis of cancer cells were subsequently measured. The knockdown of Bcl-xL and Mcl-1 expression together markedly suppressed cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. Apigenin treatment also inhibited the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), which targets Bcl-xL and Mcl-1. The results of the current study therefore determined that apigenin induces the apoptosis of colon cancer cells by inhibiting the phosphorylation of STAT3 and consequently downregulates the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-xL and Mcl-1. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/apigenin-induces-apoptosis-colon-cancer-cells#comments Apigenin Colon Cancer Antiproliferative Apoptotic Bcl-xL down-regulation Antiproliferative APIGENIN Apoptotic Bcl-xL down-regulation COLON CANCER In Vitro Study Sat, 10 Mar 2018 09:30:16 +0000 greenmedinfo 161045 at https://greenmedinfo.com Carnosic acid cooperates with tamoxifen to induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/carnosic-acid-cooperates-tamoxifen-induce-apoptosis-breast-cancer-cells n/a PMID:  Biomed Pharmacother. 2017 May ;89:827-837. Epub 2017 Mar 6. PMID: 28282784 Abstract Title:  Carnosic acid cooperates with tamoxifen to induce apoptosis associated with Caspase-3 activation in breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Abstract:  Tamoxifen is known as a standard therapeutic treatment for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, which down-regulates breast cancer mortality by 31% approximately. Carnosic acid is a phenolic diterpene, which has anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, anti-diabetic and anti-bacterial properties, generated by various species coming from Lamiaceae family. The breast cancer is reported as one of the most common tumors among women worldwide. In our study, the possible benefits of carnosic acid cooperation with tamoxifen for breast cancer treatment in vitro and in vivo were investigated. Carnosic acid and tamoxifen cooperation led to apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Caspase-3 signaling pathway was promoted for carnosic acid and tamoxifen co-treatment. Consistently, anti-apoptotic molecules Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl were down-regulated, while pro-apoptotic signals Bax and Bad were up-regulated. The elevation of decoy receptor 1 and 2 (DcR1 and DcR2) and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) were enhanced for carnosic acid and tamoxifen cooperation. Furthermore, the mouse xenograft model in vivo suggested that carnosic acid and tamoxifen combined therapy inhibited breast cancer growth in comparison to the carnosic acid or tamoxifen monotherapy. Our study supplies a novel therapeutic strategy to induce apoptosis for suppressing breast cancer, which was relied on Caspase-3/TRAIL activation. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/carnosic-acid-cooperates-tamoxifen-induce-apoptosis-breast-cancer-cells#comments Breast Cancer Carnosic Acid Apoptotic Bcl-2 protein down-regulation Bcl-xL down-regulation Tamoxifen Apoptotic Bcl-2 protein down-regulation Bcl-xL down-regulation Breast Cancer Carnosic Acid Synergy with Tamoxifen Animal Study In Vitro Study Tue, 23 May 2017 12:42:51 +0000 greenmedinfo 148116 at https://greenmedinfo.com Ganoderma lucidum triterpenes induce apoptosis in MCF-7 cells and attenuate DMBA induced mammary and skin carcinomas. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/ganoderma-lucidum-triterpenes-induce-apoptosis-mcf-7-cells-and-attenuate-dmba- n/a PMID:  Mutat Res. 2017 Jan ;813:45-51. Epub 2016 Dec 2. PMID: 28010928 Abstract Title:  Ganoderma lucidum total triterpenes induce apoptosis in MCF-7 cells and attenuate DMBA induced mammary and skin carcinomas in experimental animals. Abstract:  Ganoderma lucidum total triterpenes were evaluated for its apoptosis-inducing and anti-cancer activities. Cytotoxicity and pro-apoptotic effect of total triterpenes were evaluated in human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cell line using MTT assay and DNA fragmentation analysis. Total triterpenes induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells by down-regulating the levels of cyclin D1, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and also by up-regulating the levels of Bax and caspase-9. Anti-carcinogenicity of total triterpenes was analysed using dimethyl benz [a] anthracene (DMBA) induced skin papilloma and mammary adenocarcinoma in Swiss albino mice and Wistar rats respectively. Topical application of 5mg, 10mg and 20mg total triterpenes reduced the incidence of skin papilloma by 62.5, 37.5 and 12.5% respectively. Incidence of the mammary tumour was also reduced significantly by 33.33, 66.67 and 16.67% in 10, 50 and 100mg/kg b.wt. total triterpenes treated animals respectively. Total triterpenes were also found to reduce the average number of tumours per animal and extended the tumour latency period in both the models. The results indicate the potential cytotoxicity and anti-cancerous activity of total triterpenes, there by opens up a path to the development of a safe and successive chemo preventive agent of natural origin. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/ganoderma-lucidum-triterpenes-induce-apoptosis-mcf-7-cells-and-attenuate-dmba-#comments Breast Cancer Reishi Mushroom Skin Cancer Anticarcinogenic Agents Apoptotic Bcl-2 protein down-regulation Bcl-xL down-regulation Chemopreventive Cyclin D1 Down-Regulation Anticarcinogenic Agents Apoptotic Bcl-2 protein down-regulation Bcl-xL down-regulation Breast Cancer Chemopreventive Cyclin D1 Down-Regulation Reishi Mushroom skin cancer Animal Study Wed, 28 Dec 2016 00:39:40 +0000 greenmedinfo 141078 at https://greenmedinfo.com