Anxiety Disorders https://greenmedinfo.com/category/keywords/Anxiety%20Disorders en Adolescent BPA exposure below the safe daily limit leads to alterations in some behaviours and neuronal morphology that endure into adulthood. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/adolescent-bpa-exposure-below-safe-daily-limit-leads-alterations-some-behaviou n/a PMID:  Horm Behav. 2015 Mar ;69:89-97. Epub 2014 Dec 30. PMID: 25554518 Abstract Title:  Bisphenol-A exposure during adolescence leads to enduring alterations in cognition and dendritic spine density in adult male and female rats. Abstract:  We have previously demonstrated that adolescent exposure of rats to bisphenol-A (BPA), an environmental endocrine disrupter, increases anxiety, impairs spatial memory, and decreases dendritic spine density in the CA1 region of the hippocampus (CA1) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) when measured in adolescents in both sexes. The present study examined whether the behavioral and morphological alterations following BPA exposure during adolescent development are maintained into adulthood. Male and female, adolescent rats received BPA, 40μg/kg/bodyweight, or control treatments for one week. In adulthood, subjects were tested for anxiety and locomotor activity, spatial memory, non-spatial visual memory, and sucrose preference. Additionally, stress-induced serum corticosterone levels and dendritic spine density in the mPFC and CA1 were measured. BPA-treated males, but not females, had decreased arm visits on the elevated plus maze, but there was no effect on anxiety. Non-spatial memory, object recognition, was also decreased in BPA treated males, but not in females. BPA exposure did not alter spatial memory, object placement, but decreased exploration during the tasks in both sexes. No significant group differences in sucrose preference or serum corticosterone levels in response to a stress challenge were found. However, BPA exposure, regardless of sex, significantly decreased spine density of both apical and basal dendrites on pyramidal cells in CA1 but had no effect in the mPFC. Current data are discussed in relation to BPA dependent changes, which were present during adolescence and did, or did not, endure into adulthood. Overall, adolescent BPA exposure, below the current reference safe daily limit set by the U.S.E.P.A., leads to alterations in some behaviors and neuronal morphology that endure into adulthood. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/adolescent-bpa-exposure-below-safe-daily-limit-leads-alterations-some-behaviou#comments Anxiety Disorders Bisphenol Toxicity Bisphenol A Anxiety Disorders Bisphenol A Bisphenol Toxicity Animal Study Tue, 23 May 2017 14:26:29 +0000 greenmedinfo 148127 at https://greenmedinfo.com Silybin supplementation during HCV therapy with pegylated interferon-α plus ribavirin reduces depression and anxiety. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/silybin-supplementation-during-hcv-therapy-pegylated-interferon-plus-ribavirin n/a PMID:  BMC Psychiatry. 2016 Nov 15 ;16(1):398. Epub 2016 Nov 15. PMID: 27842532 Abstract Title:  Silybin supplementation during HCV therapy with pegylated interferon-α plus ribavirin reduces depression and anxiety and increases work ability. Abstract:  BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus infection and interferon treatment are often associated with anxiety, depressive symptoms and poor health-related quality of life. To evaluate the Silybin-vitamin E-phospholipids complex effect on work ability and whether health related factors (anxiety and depression) were associated with work ability in subjects with chronic hepatitis C treated with Pegylated-Interferon-α2b (Peg-IFN) and Ribavirin (RBV). METHODS: Thirty-one patients (Group A) with chronic hepatitis and other 31 subjects in Group B were recruited in a randomized, prospective, placebo controlled, double blind clinical trial. Group A received 1.5 mg/kg per week of Peg-IFN plus RBV and placebo, while Group B received the same dosage of Peg-IFN plus RBV plus association of Silybin 94 mg + vitamin E 30 mg + phospholipids 194 mg in pills for 12 months. All subjects underwent to laboratory exams and questionnaires to evaluate depression (Beck Depression Inventory - BDI), anxiety (State-trait anxiety inventory - STAI) and work ability (Work ability Index - WAI). RESULTS: The comparison between group A and group B showed significant differences after 6 months in ALT (P < 0.001), and viremia (P < 0.05), after 12 months in ALT (P < 0.001), and AST (P < 0.001), at follow up in AST (P < 0.05), and ALT (P < 0.001). Significant difference were observed after 1 month in WAI (p < 0.001) and BDI (P < 0.05), after 6 months in WAI (P < 0.05) and STAI (P < 0.05), after 12 months and at follow up in WAI, STAI and BDI (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The supplementation with Silybin-vitamin E -phospholipids complex increased work ability and reduced depression and anxiety in patients treated with Peg-IFN and RBV. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT01957319 , First received: September 25, 2013. Last updated: September 30, 2013 (retrospectively registered). https://greenmedinfo.com/article/silybin-supplementation-during-hcv-therapy-pegylated-interferon-plus-ribavirin#comments Anxiety Disorders Depression Hepatitis C Silymarin Antioxidants Antiviral Agents Antioxidants Antiviral Agents Anxiety Disorders Depression hepatitis C SILYMARIN Human Study Tue, 11 Jul 2017 21:57:52 +0000 greenmedinfo 150304 at https://greenmedinfo.com These results indicate that fasting decrease anxiety-like behaviour and improves memory. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/these-results-indicate-fasting-decrease-anxiety-behaviour-and-improves-memory n/a PMID:  Metabolism. 2017 Jun ;71:70-82. Epub 2017 Mar 9. PMID: 28521881 Abstract Title:  Acute fasting inhibits central caspase-1 activity reducing anxiety-like behavior and increasing novel object and object location recognition. Abstract:  BACKGROUND: Inflammation within the central nervous system (CNS) is frequently comorbid with anxiety. Importantly, the pro-inflammatory cytokine most commonly associated with anxiety is IL-1β. The bioavailability and activity of IL-1β are regulated by caspase-1-dependent proteolysis vis-a-vis the inflammasome. Thus, interventions regulating the activation or activity of caspase-1 should reduce anxiety especially in states that foster IL-1β maturation. METHODS: Male C57BL/6j, C57BL/6j mice treated with the capase-1 inhibitor biotin-YVAD-cmk, caspase-1 knockout (KO) mice and IL-1R1 KO mice were fasted for 24h or allowed ad libitum access to food. Immediately after fasting, caspase-1 activity was measured in brain region homogenates while activated caspase-1 was localized in the brain by immunohistochemistry. Mouse anxiety-like behavior and cognition were tested using the elevated zero maze and novel object/object location tasks, respectively. RESULTS: A 24h fast in mice reduced the activity of caspase-1 in whole brain and in the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus, and hypothalamus by 35%, 25%, 40%, 40%, and 40% respectively. A 24h fast also reduced anxiety-like behavior by 40% and increased novel object and object location recognition by 21% and 31%, respectively. IL-1β protein, however, was not reduced in the brain by fasting. ICV administration of YVAD decreased caspase-1 activity in the prefrontal cortex and amygdala by 55%, respectively leading to a 64% reduction in anxiety like behavior. Importantly, when caspase-1 KO or IL1-R1 KO mice are fasted, no fasting-dependent reduction in anxiety-like behavior was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that fasting decrease anxiety-like behavior and improves memory by a mechanism tied to reducing caspase-1 activity throughout the brain. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/these-results-indicate-fasting-decrease-anxiety-behaviour-and-improves-memory#comments Anxiety Disorders Anti-Anxiety Agents Fasting/Caloric Restriction Anti-Anxiety Agents Anxiety Disorders Fasting/Caloric Restriction Animal Study Tue, 09 Jan 2018 21:53:21 +0000 greenmedinfo 158269 at https://greenmedinfo.com These results suggest that CBD has anxiolytic properties. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/these-results-suggest-cbd-has-anxiolytic-properties n/a PMID:  Neuropsychopharmacology. 2004 Feb ;29(2):417-26. PMID: 14583744 Abstract Title:  Effects of cannabidiol (CBD) on regional cerebral blood flow. Abstract:  Animal and human studies have suggested that cannabidiol (CBD) may possess anxiolytic properties, but how these effects are mediated centrally is unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate this using functional neuroimaging. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured at rest using (99m)Tc-ECD SPECT in 10 healthy male volunteers, randomly divided into two groups of five subjects. Each subject was studied on two occasions, 1 week apart. In the first session, subjects were given an oral dose of CBD (400 mg) or placebo, in a double-blind procedure. SPECT images were acquired 90 min after drug ingestion. The Visual Analogue Mood Scale was applied to assess subjective states. In the second session, the same procedure was performed using the drug that had not been administered in the previous session. Within-subject between-condition rCBF comparisons were performed using statistical parametric mapping (SPM). CBD significantly decreased subjective anxiety and increased mental sedation, while placebo did not induce significant changes. Assessment of brain regions where anxiolytic effects of CBD were predicted a priori revealed two voxel clusters of significantly decreased ECD uptake in the CBD relative to the placebo condition (p<0.001, uncorrected for multiple comparisons). These included a medial temporal cluster encompassing the left amygdala-hippocampal complex, extending into the hypothalamus, and a second cluster in the left posterior cingulate gyrus. There was also a cluster of greater activity with CBD than placebo in the left parahippocampal gyrus (p<0.001). These results suggest that CBD has anxiolytic properties, and that these effects are mediated by an action on limbic and paralimbic brain areas. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/these-results-suggest-cbd-has-anxiolytic-properties#comments Anxiety Disorders Cannabidiol Anti-Anxiety Agents Anti-Anxiety Agents Anxiety Disorders Cannabidiol Human Study Fri, 09 Jun 2017 22:19:25 +0000 greenmedinfo 148972 at https://greenmedinfo.com